Mathematics: Quarter 1 - Module 8.b: Graphs of Quadratic Function
Mathematics: Quarter 1 - Module 8.b: Graphs of Quadratic Function
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 8.b:
Graphs of Quadratic Function
Mathematics – Grade 9
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 8.b: Graphs of Quadratic Function
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 8.b:
Graphs of Quadratic Function
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. It is significant that the learner be
able to integrate the values of patience and perseverance to attain the needed
competency. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st
century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
What I Need to Know
This module serves as the second part of module 8, which extends the discussions
about graphs of quadratic function into analyzing effects that happens to its graph
whenever its value of a, h and k will be changed.
Particularly, you will learn the most essential learning competency below:
Analyzes the effects of changing the values of a, h and k in the equation
y = a(x –h)2 + k of a quadratic function on its graph.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. graph and analyze the effects of changing the value of a of quadratic
function y = ax2 and determines its vertex and axis of symmetry;
2. graph and analyze the effects of changing the value of h of the quadratic
function y = a(x – h) 2 and determines its vertex and axis of symmetry;
3. graph and analyze the effects of changing the value of k of the quadratic
function y = ax 2 + k and determines its vertex and axis of symmetry; and
4. graph and analyze the effects of the variables h and k of quadratic function y
= a(x- h)2 + k and determines its vertex and axis of symmetry.
What I Know
Directions: Read each of the following. Write the letter of your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. The graph of y = 2x2 + 3 is obtained by sliding y = 2x2 by how many units
and in what direction?
a. 3 units downward c. 3 units to the right
b. 3 units upward d. 3 units to the left
2. What function will be obtained if y = x 2 will be shifted 2 units downward and
7 units to the left?
a. y = (x – 7)2 + 2 c. y = (x – 7)2 – 2
b. y = (x + 7) – 2
2 d. y = (x + 7)2 + 2
3. What function will be obtained if y = 3x 2 will be moved 5 units to the left and
10 upward?
c. y = 3(x – 5)2 + 10 c. y = -3(x – 5)2 + 10
d. y = 3(x + 5) + 10
2 d. y = -3(x + 5)2+ 10
4. What is the vertex of the function y = (x + 8)2 + 10?
a. (8, 10) b. (10, 8) c. (-8, 10) d. (10, -8)
5. Which of the following is the axis of symmetry of y = (x + 8) 2 + 10?
a. x = 8 b. x = -8 c. x = 10 d. x = -10
6. Which of the following functions has the widest graph?
a. y = 2x2 b. y = 3x2 c. y = 4x2 d. y = 5x2
7. The graph of y = (x + 4)2 is obtained by sliding y = x2 by how many units and
in in what direction?
a. 4 units to the right c. 4 units upward
b. 4 units to the left d. 4 units downward
8. If the graph of y = x2 is shifted 7 units to the left, what will be the new
equation?
a. y = x2 + 7 b. y = x2 – 7 c. y = (x – 7)2 d. y = (x + 7)2
9. If the graph of y = x is moved 11 downward, what will be the new equation?
2
a. y = x2 + 11 b. y = x2 – 11 c. y = (x – 11)2 d. y = (x + 11)2
10. The graph of the equation y = 8x2 was moved 3 units to the right and 12
units downward. What will be the vertex of the new equation?
a. (3, -12) c. (-3, 12)
b. (-3, 12) d. (-3, -12)
11. What is the graph of the equation y = x2 + 3?
I. II. III.
What’s In
Vertex: ______________________________
Axis of Symmetry: ___________________
x –intercepts/: ______________________
y – intercept: ________________________
Domain: _____________________________
Range: ______________________________
What’s New
y = -2x2
y = 2x2
y = -x2
1 2
y= 2
x
1
y = − x2
2
y = x2
Note: The correct graph is shown below, for self-learning, please make your own graph first of
the different quadratic functions above, trust me you will do better the next time if you do this!
What is It
This time check your graph above by comparing it to the provided correct
graph below. Then, answer the given questions.
1
Q3: Compare the vertex of the three y = 2x 2
graphs. What do you notice about their
vertex?
y = x2
y = -2x2
Q3: Compare the vertex of the three
graphs. What do you notice about their
vertices?
Tip: For self-learning, you may read the discussions below before answering the questions on
the boxes to confirm your answer.
In the graph of quadratic function y = a(x – h)2+ k, the larger the 𝑎 is, the
narrower is the graph and the smaller the 𝑎 is, the wider is the graph. If a >
0, the parabola opens upward but if a < 0, the parabola opens downward.
Example:
Example:
Here’s a little exercise for you to let me check how far you learn the above
discussion. Read and understand first the directions below.
Activity 3: “PAIR ME”
Match Column A with the correct equation in Column B. Write only the letter of the
correct answer.
A B
(1) y = 4x2
a
(2)
(3) b y = 12x2
c y = 8x2
What’s New
Here is another thing for you to be curious of, just like, what is the effect of
changing the value of h and k of the quadratic function. Is there any way to
determine its vertex and axis of symmetry?
Activity 4:“ALL IN ONE” Graph all the following quadratic functions in the form y
= a(x – h)2 in a single Cartesian Plane.
y = (x + 2)2
y = x2
y = (x – 2)2
Note: For self- learning, please indicate your answer first to the above question before
comparing it to the given discussion below.
What is It
This time check your graph by comparing it to the provided correct graph
below. Then, answer the given questions.
Q1: How would you compare the graph
y = a(x – h)2 of y = (x – 2)2 and y = (x + 2)2 in the
form of y = a(x – h)2 and that of y = ax2?
y = (x + 2)2 y = x2 y = (x – 2)2
Q3: What happens when you add a
negative number to the value of h to
h = -2 h=0 h=2
y= ax2?
Note: For self-learning, please indicate your answer first to the above question before
comparing it to the given discussion below.
To the graph y = a(x – h)2, slide the graph of y = ax2 h units horizontally. If
h>0, slide the graph of y = ax2 h units to the right. If h < 0, slide the graph of
y = ax2 h units to the left. The graph has vertex (h, 0) and the equation of its
axis of symmetry is x = h.
Example: Example:
What is the equation, vertex and What is the equation, vertex and axis
axis of symmetry of the graph of of symmetry of the graph of y = x2
y = x2 which is shifted 8 units to the which is shifted 10 units to the left of
right of the origin? the origin?
What’s More
Here is an
y = 2(x – 3)2
example for you!
Activity 6:“ALL IN ONE” Graph all the following quadratic functions in the form y
= ax2 + k in a single Cartesian Plane.
y = x2 + 2
y = x2
y = x2 – 2
Note: For self-learning, please indicate your answer first to the above question before
comparing it to the given discussion below.
What is It
This time check your graph by comparing it to the provided correct graph below.
Then, answer the given questions.
Q1: How would you compare the graph
of y = x2 + 2 and y = x2 – 2 in the form
of y=ax2+k and that of y = ax2?
Note: For self-learning, please indicate your answer first to the above question before
comparing it to the given discussion below.
To the graph y = ax2 + k, slide the graph of y = ax2 k units vertically. If k>0,
slide the graph of y = ax2 k units upward. If h < 0, slide the graph of y = ax2 k
units downward. The graph has vertex (0, k) and the equation of its axis of
symmetry is x = 0 (y-axis).
Example: Draw the graph of the function y = x2 + 4.
4 units
y = x2 + 4
graph of y=ax2 4 upward. y = x2
k=4
k=0
Example:
Draw the graph of the function y = x2 – 4.
y = x2 –
The vertex is (0, -4) and the axis 4
of symmetry is x = 0. k = -4
Example:
What is the equation, vertex and axis of symmetry of the graph of
y = x2 which is shifted 7 units downward?
Here is an
example for you!
y = 2x2 – 2
What’s New
Activity 8:“ALL IN ONE” Graph all the following quadratic functions in the form y
= a(x – h)2 + k in a single Cartesian Plane.
y = (x – 2)2 + 4
y = x2
y = (x + 2)2 – 4
Note: For self-learning, please indicate your answer first to the above question
before comparing it to the given discussion below.
What is It
This time check your graph by comparing it to the provided correct graph
below. Then, answer the given questions.
Q1: How would you compare
the graph of y = (x + 2)2 – 4and
y = (x – 2)2 + 4that of y = ax2?
y = (x – 2)2 + 4
h = 2, k = 4 Q2: What is the effect of the
variables h and k on the graph of
y = a(x – h)2 + k as compared to
y = (x + 2)2 – 4 y = x2 the graph of y = ax2?
h = -2, k = -4 h = 0, k = 0
Note: For self-learning, please indicate your answer first to the above question before
comparing it to the given discussion below.
To the graph y = a(x – h)2 + k, slide the graph of y = ax2 h units horizontally
and k units vertically. The graph has vertex (h, k) and its axis of symmetry is
the line x = h.
1u
Since h = 3 > 0 and k = 1 > 0,
then slide the graph of y = ax2 3 3 units
units to the right and 1 unit
upward.
Answer: Since a = 2 and the graph is shifted 3 units to the left and 1
unit downward then h = -3 and k = -1. The new equation will be:
y = a(x – h)2+ k
y = 2[x – (-3)]2+ (-1)
y = 2(x + 3)2 – 1
The vertex should be (-3, -1) and the axis of symmetry is x = -3.
Example:
What is the equation, vertex and axis of symmetry of the graph of
y = -6x2 which is shifted 2 units to the right and 5 units upward?
Answer: Since a = -6 and the graph is shifted 2 units to the right and 5
units upward then h = 2 and k = 5. The new equation will be:
y = a(x – h)2+ k
y = -6(x – 2)2 + 5
The vertex is (2, 5) and the axis of symmetry is x = 2.
What’s More
1. 2.
y = (x – 6)2 + 2
y = 2(x – 3)2 + 1
Match Match
Mismatch Mismatch
In the graph of quadratic function y = a(x – h)2+ k, the larger the is, the
__________ is the graph and the smaller the is, the _________ is the graph.
If a > 0, the parabola opens _________ but if a < 0, the parabola opens
____________.
To the graph y = a(x – h)2, slide the graph of y = ax2 h units horizontally. If
h>0, slide the graph of y = ax2 h units to the _________.
The graph y = a(x – h)2 has vertex (h, 0) and the equation of its axis of
symmetry is ____________.
To the graph y = ax2 + k, slide the graph of y = ax2 k units vertically. If h <
0, slide the graph of y = ax2 k units ___________.
The graph y = a(x – h)2 + k has vertex (h, k) and its axis of symmetry is the
line ____________.
What I Can Do
1.y=2x2 1.y=x2 + 3
2.y=4x2 2.y=x2 + 6
3.y=6x2 3.y=x2 – 5
Assessment
Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What is the equation of the function represented by the graph below?
a. f(x)=-(x – 4)2 +1
b. f(x)=-(x + 4)2 +1
c. f(x)= (x – 4)2 +1
d. f(x)= (x + 4)2 +1
2. Consider the quadratic function f(x) = (x – 3)2, what will be the new equation
if we slide this function 4 units to the right and 12 units upward?
a. f(x) = (x + 7)2 + 12 c. f(x) = (x – 3)2 + 12
b. f(x) = (x – 7) + 12
2 d. f(x) = (x + 3)2 + 12
3. The graph of y = 3(x – 1) + 8 is obtained by sliding y = 3x2 by how many
2
b d
https://www.mathwarehouse.com/geometry/parabo
la/images/real-world-parabolas/parabola-real-
world4.jpg
Answer Key
Activity 7: “ Next To You”
3
2
4
1
Activity 9: “ My Soulmate”
1. Mismatch
2. Match
What I Have Learned
1. narrower, wider
2. upward, downward
3. to the right
4. x = h
5. downward
6. x = h
Assessment
1. B 9. B
2. B 10. D
3. D 11. C
4. C 12. C
5. A 13. A
6. A 14. C
7. A 15. A
8. B
Additional Activities
Maximum Height: 40
New Equation: y = -0.02(x-30)2 + 40
What I Know
1. B 9. B
2. B 10. A
3. D 11. A
4. C 12. D
5. B 13. A
6. A 14. D
7. B 15. C
8. B
Activity 1: “ I’ m Looking For You”
Vertex: (1,2)
Axis of Symmetry: x = 1
x-intercept/s: (0,0) & (2,0)
y-intercept: (0,0)
Domain: all real numbers
Range: y ≤ 2
Activity 3: “ Pair Me”
1. B 2. C 3. A
Activity 5: “ Functions Going To The Left”
1 3
4 2
Retrieved from https://www.mathwarehouse.com/geometry/parabola/real-world-
application.php last April 5, 2020.
Matias, C. J., Malvas, J. M., Calawod, J. C., & Molave, E. T. (2015). Mathematics for
the 21st Century Learner 9. DIWA LEARNING SYSTEMS INC.
Soledad, J.-D. E., & Bernabe, J. G. (2001). Integrated Mathematics Textbook for
Third Year. JTW Corporation.
References
DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.