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Ee325 Power Electronics and Drives Lab 3: Hardware Development of Single Phase and Three Phase Uncontrolled Rectifiers 4 September 2020

This document describes an experiment to build and test single-phase and three-phase rectifiers. The objectives are to construct single-phase and three-phase rectifiers on a breadboard with and without filter capacitors, and compare the hardware results to MATLAB simulations. Procedures are outlined for building and testing each circuit. Key measurements include voltage, current, and analyzing output waveforms with and without filtering. The results will validate simulations and demonstrate rectification principles.

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Nischal Kumar
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
61 views

Ee325 Power Electronics and Drives Lab 3: Hardware Development of Single Phase and Three Phase Uncontrolled Rectifiers 4 September 2020

This document describes an experiment to build and test single-phase and three-phase rectifiers. The objectives are to construct single-phase and three-phase rectifiers on a breadboard with and without filter capacitors, and compare the hardware results to MATLAB simulations. Procedures are outlined for building and testing each circuit. Key measurements include voltage, current, and analyzing output waveforms with and without filtering. The results will validate simulations and demonstrate rectification principles.

Uploaded by

Nischal Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EE325 POWER ELECTRONICS AND

DRIVES
LAB 3: HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT OF
SINGLE PHASE AND THREE PHASE
UNCONTROLLED RECTIFIERS
4TH SEPTEMBER 2020

NAME STUDENT ID
NIMISH PRAKASH S11157048
NISCHAL K KUMAR S11146567
AIM
The main objective of this experiment is to use several power diodes, capacitors and resistors on a breadboard
to design:

 A single-phase rectifier with and without the filter capacitor to compare the hardware results with the
results obtained from the MATLAB simulation model.
 A three-phase rectifier with and without the filter capacitor to compare the hardware results with the
results obtained from the MATLAB simulation model.

INTRODUCTION
Single-phase rectifier circuits have existed since first tube diodes had emerged, particularly vacuum
tube diodes. These rectifiers are used to convert AC current and voltage supply to DC by use of
multiple diodes which is widely used for powering digital electronic technologies and other low power
equipment. There process exists in two types – full wave and half wave rectification. The half wave
rectifier process involves the flow of current through forward biased diode which covers the positive
half cycle of the AC sinusoidal wave. There is no flow of current through the diode or the circuit when
the diode is reverse biased. During the process of rectification, the DC current and voltage are
continuously ON and OFF during every positive and negative cycle.[CITATION Ele21 \l 1033 ]

Figure 1: Single-Phase Rectifier[CITATION 20Se \l 3081 ]

The single phase Full-wave Bridge Rectifier circuit consists of 4 diodes from which there are always
two forward biased diode and two reverse biased diodes. Due to this, there are voltage drops during
the full-wave cycles which affects the output voltage amplitude. The DC voltage and current are not
completely dependent on the main voltage supply and thus there are no instability in the voltage
supply. In the positive half cycle process, the current flows across the circuit through diode 1 and 4
which are forward biased which neglecting the flow of current through the two reverse biased diodes.
During the negative half cycle, the source current reverses its direction and the current flows in diode
2 and 3 while the other two are blocked. The current source is added to the load of some circuits with
the one purpose of supplying current when the input source supply has stopped supplying current at
that particular time. The power factor correction is very important here since it resolves the
drawbacks of the thyristor rectifiers and diodes.[ CITATION Ele20 \l 3081 ]

Figure 2: Centre-tapped Rectifier[ CITATION Ele20 \l 3081 ]

Moreover, the three-phase rectifier converts AC voltage to DC similar to a single-phase rectifier but it
deals with three phase voltages with the three phases being 120° out of phase from one another. The
dc voltage output is double the value of the half wave rectifier. The circuit consists of 6 diodes which
allows three phase rectification which is used for powering many industrial applications like a motor.
Rectifiers and balanced loads take power directly from these three-phase rectifiers since they have
fixed frequency and voltage. The three-phase rectification process is same as 3 single phases
combined together but in terms of output power, three phases provide more power to the load and is
more efficient. The input current of the rectifier is improved by the use of inductors near the DC
source. Since there is high ripple voltage present, capacitors are usually included in the circuit which
reduce these extra ripple voltages. A major upside of using three phase rectifiers would be that it
doesn’t require any specific transformer since it works as a six-pulse rectifier. [ CITATION Sim99 \l 3081 ]
PROCEDURE
Part 1: Single Phase Rectifier
Firstly, the circuit shown in figure 3 was constructed on a breadboard. The proper datasheet for the
diodes was used to see the power ratings that can be used on the circuit. The voltage load and current
load with the voltage rms and current rms was found from first observing the circuit output without
the capacitor. Then the output was found with the capacitor across the load. The DC and AC outputs
were studied with the use of these filter capacitor. The graph was than compared with the output of
the graph found from MATLAB Simulation.

Figure 3: Single Phase Rectifier with Filter Capacitor

Part 2: Three Phase Rectifier


Secondly, the circuit shown in figure 4 was constructed on a breadboard. The same diodes and resistors were
chosen as before. The voltage and current across the circuit were observed from the graph obtained. The filter
capacitor was used to test on the circuit for both with the capacitor and without it. Then the graph was
compared with the graph found from doing the MATLAB simulation of the same circuit in figure 4.

Figure 4: Three Phase Rectifier


REFERENCE

[1] Electronics Tutorials, "Power Diodes and Rectifiers," Electronics Tutorials, [Online]. Available:
https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/diode/diode_5.html. [Accessed 21 August 2020].

[2] Caspoc, "Single Phase Rectifier Circuit," Caspoc, [Online]. Available:


http://www.caspoc.com/help/handson/powerelectronics/singlephaserectifiercircuit/. [Accessed 5
September 2020].

[3] Electronics tutorials, "Single Phase Rectification," Electronics tutorials, [Online]. Available:
https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/power/single-phase-rectification.html. [Accessed 21 August 2020].

[4] D. S. L. Simonetti, J. L. Vieira and R. P. Rey, "Analysis of a three phase rectifier," September 1999. [Online].
Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265551191_ANALYSIS_OF_A_THREE-
PHASE_RECTIFIER_OPERATING_WITH_A_SIX-SWITCH_CURRENT_PRE-CHARGE_CIRCUIT. [Accessed 30
August 2020].

[5] D. T. TARUN, "THREE PHASE RECTIFIER USING MATLAB SIMULINK MODEL," 2020. [Online]. Available:
https://www.academia.edu/42847018/THREE_PHASE_RECTIFIER_USING_MATLAB_SIMULINK_MODEL.
[Accessed 30 August 2020].

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