Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis
Other names	Sarcoïdosis, sarcoid, Besnier–Boeck–Schaumann disease
	Chest X-ray showing the typical nodularity of sarcoidosis, predominantly in the hila of the lungs.
Pronunciation	sar-koy-DOH-sis ;
Medical specialty	Rheumatology, Immunology
Symptoms	Depends on the organ involved; Lungs: wheezing, cough, shortness of breath, chest pain; Skin: lumps, ulcers, discolored skin; Children: weight loss, bone pain, feeling tired;
Usual onset	20–50 years old ; More common in women
Duration	Few years to long term
Causes	Unknown
Risk factors	Family history
Diagnostic method	Based on symptoms and tissue biopsy
Differential diagnosis	Tuberculosis, lymphoma, infectious mononucleosis, pulmonary eosinophilia
Treatment	Ibuprofen, prednisone, methotrexate
Prognosis	Mortality 1–7%
Frequency	1.9 million with interstitial lung disease (2015)
Deaths	122,000 with interstitial lung disease (2015)

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder that can affect multiple organs. The lungs are affected most often (in 9 out of 10 cases in the UK). It is a noncaseating restrictive lung diseasee.

The cause is not known. Corticosteroids such as prednisone are often used to treat sarcoidosis. In some cases, methotrexate may be also used. Antimalarial drugs have also been used.^[12]

Sarcoidosis may involve the brain. If it does, it is called neurosarcoidosis. In some cases, pulmonary fibrosis is a complication of sarcoidosis.

References

↑ Konstantinidis G (2005). Elsevier's Dictionary of Medicine and Biology: in English, Greek, German, Italian and Latin. Elsevier. p. 1454. ISBN 978-0-08-046012-3.
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↑ Ferri FF (2010). Ferri's differential diagnosis: a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Mosby. p. Chapter S. ISBN 978-0-323-07699-9.
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↑ "Sarcoidosis - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic.

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[1] Konstantinidis G (2005). Elsevier's Dictionary of Medicine and Biology: in English, Greek, German, Italian and Latin. Elsevier. p. 1454. ISBN 978-0-08-046012-3.

[NIH2013What-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Cite error: The named reference NIH2013What was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[NIH2013Sym-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Cite error: The named reference NIH2013Sym was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[NIH2013Risk-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Cite error: The named reference NIH2013Risk was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[Wj2015-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Cite error: The named reference Wj2015 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[Gov2015-6] Cite error: The named reference Gov2015 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[7] Ferri FF (2010). Ferri's differential diagnosis: a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Mosby. p. Chapter S. ISBN 978-0-323-07699-9.

[Dr2014-8] Cite error: The named reference Dr2014 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[Jud2016-9] Cite error: The named reference Jud2016 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[GBD2015Pre-10] Cite error: The named reference GBD2015Pre was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[GBD2015De-11] Cite error: The named reference GBD2015De was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[12] "Sarcoidosis - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic.

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