Izembozo zobuso ngesikhathi sobhubhane lomkhuhlane we-COVID-19
Ukugqokwa kwezembozo zobuso ngesikhathi sobhubane lomkhuhlane we-COVID-19 sekuthole iziyalo izihlukahlukene kwabezempilo kanye nohulumeni abahlukene. Sekube nenkulumo mpikiswano ngalesi sihloko, lapho khona abasebenzela ezempilo kanye nohulumeni bephikisana ngemigomo yokugqokwa kwezembozo zobuso.
Izizathu
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Nazi ezinye zezizathu zokugqokwa kwezembozo zobuso ezibekwe abaholi bezempilo baseShayina kanye nabanye:[1]
1. Ukutheleleka okungenazimpawu (lokhu ukuthelelewa abantu abangazivezi izimawu zokugula). Iningi Labantu lithelelwa abantu abangenazo izimpawu zokugula noma abanezimpawu ezingagqamile.
2. Ukungakwazi ukuqhelelana nabantu ezindaweni ezigcwele abantu.
3. Uma abagulayo begqoka izembozo zobuso ngeke bezuze lutho ngalokho ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imali bethenga izembozo kanye nokuukelwa phansi.
Usolwazi wamagciwane uStephen Griffin wasenyuvesi i-University of Leeds uthi ‘Ukugqoka isembozo sobuso kwehlisa amathuba okuthi abantu bazithinte ubuso, okuyiyina ndlela eqavile yokutheleleka uma izandla zingahlanzekile.”[2]
Izinhlobo zezembozo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Isembozo sendwangu esimboza umlomo namakhala senziwa ngezindwangu eziwayelekile, esikhathini esiningi senziwa ngendwangu kakotini. Lesi sembozo asifani nezembozo ezisetshenziswa emitholampilo nasezibhedlela, zona azinayo imigomo. Okwamanje luncane ucwaningo neziyalo mayelana nokusebenza kwazo ekuvikeleni izifo ezithelelanayo noma umoya ongcolile.
Isembozo esisetshenziswa emitholampilo nasezibhedlela siyaxega, siyisembozo esisetshenziswa kanye usilahle, sivikela umlomo namakhala ekugcoleni kulowo osigqokile kuleyo ndawo akuyo. Lesi sembozo sakhelwe ukuvikela amaconsi amakhulu, ukucheleleka kwamanzi, neziqholo ezingase zibe namagciwane nezifo uma igqokwe kahle, lokhu kuvimba ukuthi lezi zinto zingaphumi ematheni nasemakhaleni alowo osigqokile zingene kwabanye.[3] Lesi sembozo asakhelwe ukuvimba amaconsi amancane kakhulu angadluliswa ukukhwehlela nokuthimula. Lezi zembozo azivikelani emagciwaneni ngenxa yokuxega kwazo ebusweni. Lezi zembozo zenziwe ngendwangu engaphiciwe eyenziwa ngokupheshethwa.[4][5]
Isembozo sohlobo lwe- N95 isembozo zobuso esivimbela amagciwane siphinde sisize ngokuphefumula esisemgangathweni wokuvimbeka komoya kweN95 e- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health yaseMelika. Sivimba amaconsi amancane kakhulu okungenani angamaphesenti angu-95. Sifaniswa nomshini osiza ngokuphefumula ovimba amaconsi amancane kakhulu kodwa ungayivimbi imimoya namagesi.[6] Lezi zembozo zakhiwe ngendwangu efanayo nezembozo zasemitholampilo nasezibhedlela.[7][8] Isembozo esifana nalesi esisetshenziswa i- European Union sibizwa nge- FFP2 respirator.[9][10]
Iziyalo zezigungu zezempilo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Izigungu zezempilo ziyala ukuthi abantu bemboze imilomo namakhala ngezindololwane egoqiwe noma ngethishu uma bekhwehlela noma bethimula, bese beyayilahla ngokuphuthuma ithishu.[11][12]
Kulabo okusolwa ukuthi sebethelelekilekucelwa basebenzise izembozo ezisetshenziswa emitholampilo nasezibhedlela,[13][14][15] ngoba ukugqoka isembozo kuvimba amaconsi aphuma emlonyeni uma ukhuluma, ukhwehlela noma uthimula.[16]
Iziyalo zabesigungu sezempilo emhlabeni wonke(WHO).[17]
Isigungu sezempilo emhlabeni wonke(WHO) sicele ukuthi eklweni nomkhuhlane we-COVID-19 umphakathi izembozo uzisebenzise uma kunalemibandela elandelayo:
- Uma ungaguli, kumele ufake isembozo uma unakekela umuntu okusolwa ukuthi unaso lesi sifo.
- Gqoka isembozo uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula.
- Izembozo zisebenza kahle uma uzojwayela ukuhlanza izandla ngoketshezi olubulala amagciwane olwenziwe ngotshwala noma ngamanzi nensipho.
- Uma ugqoke isembozo kumele ukwazi ukusisebenzisa nokusilahla kahle.
Imithetho yokusetshenziswa kwezembozo emazweni ase-Afrika
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- eBenin: Kusukela ngomhla ka-8 kuNdasa, abaholi base Benin baqala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu ufaka isembozo ukuze kuliwe nalomkhuhlane.[18]
- eCameroon(Khameruni): Umphathi dolobha wase-Cameroon wamemezela ukuthi ukufakwa kwezembozo sekuzoba impoqo ukuze kuliwe nalomkhuhlane.[19]
- eDemocratic Republic of Congo(Khongo): Ukugqokwa kwezembozo sekuyimpoqo enhlokodolobha yakhona.[20]
- eTopiya: Isigugu soNgqogqoshe sibeke umthetho othi akuvumelekile ukuxhawulana futhi abantu kemeke bafake izembozi zobuso uma besemphakathini.[21]
- eGini: UMengameli u-Alpha Conde unqume ukuthi ukufakwa kwezembozo kuyimpoqo.[22]
- eKhenya: Ukugqokwa kwesembozo souso kuyimpoqo. Uhulumeni ucele izakhamuzi ukuthi ziqhelelane okungenye yezindlela esiza kakhulu ekwehliseni ukuthelelana.[23]
- eLiberia: Kusukela ngomhla ka-21 KuNdasa, sekuyipoqo ukugqoka isembozo sobuso emphakathini.[24]
- eMorokho: Ukugqokwa kwesembozosobuso kuyimpoqo.[25]
References
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- ↑ "Why healthy Chinese wearing face masks outdoors?". NHC.gov.cn. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 23 March 2020. Archived from the original on 10 April 2020.
- ↑ "How to avoid touching your face so much". BBC News. 18 March 2020.
- ↑ "N95 Respirators and Surgical Masks (Face Masks)". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 11 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ "Not Enough Face Masks Are Made In America To Deal With Coronavirus". NPR.org. 5 March 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
- ↑ "Chinese mask makers use loopholes to speed up regulatory approval". Financial Times. 1 April 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
- ↑ "Respirator Trusted-Source: Selection FAQs". U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 12 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- ↑ |Zie, John (19 March 2020). "World Depends on China for Face Masks But Can Country Deliver?". Voice of America.
- ↑ Feng, Emily (16 March 2020). "COVID-19 Has Caused A Shortage Of Face Masks. But They're Surprisingly Hard To Make". NPR.
- ↑ "Comparison of FFP2, KN95, and N95 and Other Filtering Facepiece Respirator Classes" (PDF). 3M Technical Data Bulletin. 1 January 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- ↑ "Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of N95 Respirators: Crisis/Alternate Strategies". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 17 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- ↑ "Advice for public". World Health Organization. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
- ↑ Home. "Novel Coronavirus". HPSC.ie. Health Protection Surveillance Centre of Ireland. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- ↑ "Severe Respiratory Disease associated with a Novel Infectious Agent". Government of Hong Kong. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
- ↑ "Updates on Wuhan Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Local Situation". MoH.gov.sg. Ministry of Health of Singapore. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
- ↑ "Advice on the use of masks in the community, during home care and in health care settings in the context of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak". World Health Organization. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
- ↑ "2019-nCoV: What the Public Should Do". US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 4 February 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
- ↑ "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: When and how to use masks". World Health Organization. World Health Organization. 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
- ↑ Benin Police Enforce Mask Wearing In Bid To Stop Virus, Barron's, 8 April 2020.
- ↑ Cameroon City Makes Wearing Mask Mandatory in Fight Against Coronavirus, VOA News, 7 April 2020.
- ↑ Tasamba, James (19 April 2020). "Rwanda, DR Congo make mask wearing mandatory".
- ↑ Samuel, Gelila (12 April 2020). "Ethiopia Outlaws Handshakes, Obliges Masks in Public Places".
- ↑ Masilela, Brenda (14 April 2020). "Guinean president makes masks compulsory in bid to curb the spread of coronavirus".,IOL
- ↑ Muraya, Joseph (5 April 2020). "Kenya: Masks Now Mandatory in Public Places, Kenya Declares".,All Africa
- ↑ Senkpeni, Alpha Daffae (21 April 2020). "Will You Wear Mask? Liberia's Lawmakers Want Compulsory Wearing of 'Protective Device' In Public".,Front Page Africa.
- ↑ Eljechtimi, Ahmed (6 April 2020). "Morocco makes face masks compulsory due to coronavirus". Reuters. Retrieved 11 April 2020.