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Why Computers Use Binary

Computers use binary, a base-2 system of ones and zeros, to efficiently process and store digital information. The concept of binary has ancient origins and was formalized by Gottfried Leibniz, leading to its adoption in modern computing. Binary representation underpins all digital data, enabling complex calculations and powering applications like artificial intelligence.

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13 views

Why Computers Use Binary

Computers use binary, a base-2 system of ones and zeros, to efficiently process and store digital information. The concept of binary has ancient origins and was formalized by Gottfried Leibniz, leading to its adoption in modern computing. Binary representation underpins all digital data, enabling complex calculations and powering applications like artificial intelligence.

Uploaded by

onesiphoruszembe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Why Computers Use Binary

Computers rely on binary, a language of ones and zeros, for


their operation. This seemingly simple system underpins the
complex calculations and processes that power our digital
world. Understanding binary is key to appreciating the
ingenuity behind modern computing.

by Onesiphorus Zembe
Digital Information: Ones and Zeros
Digital Information Ones and Zeros

Computers process information in digital form, Binary is a base-2 system, using only two digits: 0
representing it as distinct units. These units are and 1. These digits form the foundation of all
called bits, which can be either 0 or 1. This binary digital data, from text and images to music and
representation allows for efficient storage and video.
processing of information.
The History of Binary

1 Ancient Origins

The concept of binary dates back to ancient civilizations,


with evidence of its use in systems like the Chinese counting
rods. These early systems laid the groundwork for the binary
representation of numbers.

2 Gottfried Leibniz

In the 17th century, German mathematician Gottfried Leibniz


developed a formal binary system, recognizing its potential
for representing numbers and logical operations.

3 Modern Computing

In the 20th century, the development of electronic


computers and the need for efficient data representation led
to the widespread adoption of binary as the language of
computers.
Binary Basics: Representing Data
Numbers Text

Each digit in a binary ASCII (American Standard


number represents a power Code for Information
of two. For example, the Interchange) assigns a
binary number 101 is unique binary code to each
equivalent to 1*2^2 + character, allowing
0*2^1 + 1*2^0 = 5 in computers to represent and
decimal. process text.

Images

Images are represented as a grid of pixels, where each pixel's


color is assigned a binary value. This grid is then stored and
displayed by the computer.
Binary Arithmetic: Addition and
Subtraction
Addition

Binary addition works similar to decimal addition, with


carry-overs when the sum exceeds 1. For example, 1 + 1 =
10 (carry-over 1).

Subtraction

Binary subtraction involves borrowing from the next digit


when a smaller digit is subtracted from a larger one. For
example, 10 - 1 = 1.

Logical Operations

Binary operations like AND, OR, and NOT form the basis of
logical circuits, enabling computers to perform complex
decision-making tasks.
Binary Multiplication and Division

Multiplication
1

Shifting and Adding


2 Binary multiplication involves shifting the multiplicand and adding
the shifted values based on the multiplier.

Division

Binary division is similar to decimal division, where


3
repeated subtractions of the divisor are performed until
the remainder is less than the divisor.
Binary and the Bit: The Building Blocks

The Bit
1
The bit, a single binary digit, forms the fundamental unit of information in computers.

Byte
2 A byte is a group of 8 bits, often representing a character or a
single data element.

Word

A word is a group of bytes, typically used for


3
storing and processing larger data units. The size
of a word varies depending on the computer
architecture.
Binary and Electronics:
Switches and Circuits

2 1
States Logic Gates

Electronic components like These circuits perform


transistors can be in one of logical operations like AND,
two states: on or off. This OR, and NOT, using binary
corresponds to the binary inputs and outputs.
values of 1 and 0.
Binary and Computing: From Abacus to AI

Abacus Modern Computers

The abacus, an early counting tool, used beads to Today's computers utilize binary logic to perform
represent numbers, laying the foundation for binary complex calculations, store and process
representation. information, and power applications like AI.
Advantages of Binary: Reliability and Efficiency

Binary provides a simple and reliable system for representing and processing information. Its inherent simplicity allows
for efficient and robust computer systems.

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