ry Sh or t (O bf ec tiv e Ty pe )/ Sh or t An sw er Ty pe

Ve
0, ax + b > O; ax + b ~ 0;
Ex . 1. Inequalities ax + b <
ex am ple s of
ax + b ~ O are respectively
ck Inequalities
(a) strict Inequalities (b) sla
(c) strict Inequalities and
sla ck Inequalities
(ti) none of these
Sol. (c), ax + b < Ol strict inequalities
ax +b >O J
ax + b ~ 0] l k . 1· . es
ax + b $ 0 s ac mequa 1t1
Ex. 2. 5 < 6, 9 < 10 are example of
(b) nu me ric al ine qu ali tie
s
(a) inequalities
ne of the se
(c) literal inequalities (d) no
Sol. (b), 5 < 6, 9 < IO are examples ofnumerical inequali
ties
Ex. 3. If Ix - 11 > S, the n
(a) X E (-4 , 6)
(b) x e [-4 , 6]
(c) x e (-oo, -4 ) u (6, oo)
(d) X E [-oo, -4 ) U [6, oo) {NCERT Ex em pla r)
, Sol. (c), Since /x - I / > 5
⇒ x - 1 > 5 or -(x - I) >
5
⇒ x > 6 or x - 1 < -5
⇒ x> 6o rx < -4
) u (6, <X>)
So, s;l uti on set is x e (-oo, -4
Ex. 4. If
_
-=-
4
x $ -3 the n x -- -4 • stat e tru e or fa lse .
lNCERT Ex em pla r]
Sol. False, -x -3 -3
<
4 -
]

Ex. S. Solve 3x < 12, when

. .
(1) x is a natural number
Sol. 3x < 12 ⇒ x < 4 (11) xi s a real number
.
(i) when xi s a natural n
(ii) when x . wnber, solution set is {1' 2 ' 3}
is a real nwnb
{x e R . x < 4} er, solution se t is
· or (-<X), 4)
Ex. 6. Solve for x 5,.,,.
'" "' - 3 <J x+ 6 When
(1) x is an in t r. - (ii) x i, .
ege nal number.
Sol. s a ratio
5x - 3 $ 3x + 6
==> Sx - 3X-<6+ 3= => 2x 9
$9 == >x <-
. . - 2·
(i) When x is an ·
se t is
{... - 3, -2 _ /n~ eg tr, solution
(ii) When x i , , . , , 2,
3, 4}
s a rat ion al Dllll}b J
er.
{X eQ :x s2 .}
2
 the graphical solution of
7 Fin d 4~ ... s
El• . al number. ")
re 5 < 7 :::> 4x < 12 ⇒ x < 3 ,\,
Sol 4x- . .
• Graphical solution is
◄ ~
Fl d the graphical solution of ineq .
El• 8. n +1 uahty
3x - _! :> ~ - 2, X E R.
-2 - 3
. 3x-4 ~ x+l _2
Sol. Consider - 2 3
:::> · 9x _ 12 ~ 2x + 2 - 12
[Multiply throu h
g au1 0
:::> 9x - 2x ~ 2 ⇒ 1x ~ 2 ⇒ x ~ 2 1
'
. . [2 oo) 7
Solution 1s ,
7
Graphical solution· is
.2 .
. --
. .. 7 ·
◄ I 1t I I I I
►
-1: O 1 2 · 3 4
:i. 9. _.- The -~arks obtained by a student, out of 10~
11
-.- : class ~ in first ~u;ad seco~d terminal examinatio~
· · . - ,:are:62 and· 78; .r~~_pectively. Find the minimua
_ ·· marks he/she should get in annual examinati~
· -to have an average of at least 75 marks.
Sol. Let marks obtained in annual examination be x.
. · 62 +·78 + x'_ ~
•• 75
3-- ·- . -- :
⇒ 140.+ x~ 225
~ . . - X~ 225 - 140 ⇒ X ~ 85
. 4&st m~·required 85. :
. ·10~ · Draw the graphical solution of the following system
· - of ineqliition Bx - 2 ~ 5x + 1.
SoL ·Sx....:2'~ Sxt 1 .
⇒ 8x- ~'~ 1+,2 ·
=> . 3x~.3' .'
⇒ .. . ~~l
Solutio1;1 is [1, co}
I ~phical
'
ti •
' 1
• !'
11. Given set z,: o ~ x ~ 10}. Solve ibe
inequatlon - ·_ 4 in set A.
SoL -2.i+ ,
=> _ =?-~~ 10
' 7
.~ ~.. 10 asx e A.
:x
+- 1NCER11
< 11.
2- 3
1% + 2x < 66
E,l, JJ. Solve the Inequality, 3.l' - 5 < .\' + 7, when
(1') x ls a natural number
(ii) x ls a whole number
(i/1') x ls an Integer
(iv) x Is a real number INCERT Excmp t.11 I
Sol. We have 3x - 5 < x + 7
=> 3x < x + 12 (Adding 5 to both .; i(h•-.)
=> 2x < 12 (Subtracting x from both .,,
=> x-< 6 (Dividing both side, 1 ' ,
(1) Solution set is {1, 2, 3, 4, S}
(ii) Solution set is {O, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
(iii) Solution set is {... -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. ~:
(iv) Solution set is {x : x e Rand x < 6}, i.e., an y
real number less than 6.
3 2 2
Ex 14, Solve the inequality (2x- l) 2:: ( x - ) - < - x)
3 4 S
. [NCERT]
2x - 1 > 15x - 10 - 8 + 4x
Sol. 3 - 20
⇒ 40x - 20 ~ 57x - 54
⇒ 40x - 57x~ - 54 + 20
⇒ -17~ ~ - 34 ⇒ X ~ 2

Long Answer I / Long Answer ~• Type

Ex. 15. Solve for x, (3~ -1) (2.x + 3) ~ 0.
Sol. Consider (3x - 1) (2x + 3) < 0 ,
Case I: 3x _:_ 1 >>0 . arid 2x + 3 < ' 0
. ' '

⇒ . 3x > 1 and 2.x < ,-J ·

1 · 3
⇒ X > - andx<-....:.
3" . ' 2

.. -3 ·
r:. ',
2\ 3
No solution. ·· .. ·· -. •
Case II: (3x - 1) < 0 and 2x + 3_> 0 :
⇒ 3x < 1 and 2x > -:-3 .
-1 3
⇒ x < - andx>--
3 .· 2
⇒
3 < x< ..!.
2 . . 3
::-f---?S .- :
-3 1
2 3
:. Solution is {x e _R; - ; < ~ < ~ }.
x-l
Ex. 16. Solve for x, - - ~ 2 and represent the solu ·.
x-3
on number line.
Sol Consider x - 2 :2:: 2
_ x-3
 - --,---••--V VV

⇒
x- 2 2 ~0 ⇒ x - 2 - 2x+6
X ) ~Q
x- 3
1--2:_ ~o
1- 3
Mu ltipl ~ing both sides by (x - 3)2 , we get
(4 - x) (x - 3) ~ o
C'n1,r I ·• 4 - x ~ 0 and (x _ 3) ~
) o
) ⇒ 4 ~
x and x ~ 3
⇒ x S 4 and x ~ 3
⇒ 3 S XS 4

Case Il: (4 - x) ~ 0 and (x - 3) ~ o

⇒ 4 ~ x andx ~ 3
⇒ x ~ 4 andx ~ 3
~~-- -+-- ---41·...........
)I,
3 4
No solution.
:. Solution is [3, 4]
Graphical solution is +--+ ---- 4.,_ _~
. 3 4
Ex. 17. Solve for x, x'- + x _ 5 > o
Sol. Consider x1- + x - 5 > O
2
⇒ 1) 1
( x+2 -4-5 >0

⇒ (x+ ~r > ~
⇒ (x+ ~)' > ( 1;1)'
⇒ x+
1 121 v'2l-
- > - - orx+1- < -
2 2 2 2
(using x1- > a2 ⇒ x > a or x < -a)

⇒ x>
m -1 +1)
---orx<----
-(m
2 2
..1s (-oo, -1-nt) u (/21-1 ,oo)
So1ut1on 2 2

+ ~ 0.
8
Ex. 18. Solve the inequality xx-2

Sol. x + ~ 0, can be written as

8
x-2
x + S x (x - 2) 2 ~ 0 x (x - 2) 2
x-2
⇒ (x + 8) (x - 2) ~ 0
Product of two factors (x + 8) and (x - 2) will be
positive.
Case I: If both are positive, i.e.
(x + 8) ~ 0 and (x - 2) ~ 0
 2
⇒ x ~ - 8 and x ~ 2 ⇒ x ~
►

l ~·
-8 2

⇒ XE [2, oo)
Case II : I f both are neg
a tive, i.e.
(x + 8) ~ 0 a n d (x - 2 )
<0

Ex. 19. Solve for x e R: /3 - 2.x/ 5 2.

~2
Sol. Consider /3 - 2x/
⇒ - 2 ~ 3 - 2 .x ~ 2
⇒

_Solutio~ set is { x e R / ½$ x $ J}
Ex. 21. Solve for x e R: Ix - 3 I - 1 < 0
lx-31-2 -
Sol. Consider I x - 3 I - 1 < o
lx-31-2 -
Let · y = Ix - 31 ⇒ Y- l <0
y-2 -
Multiplying by (y - 2)2 > 0, we get
(y-1) (y-2) < 0 -
⇒ y2-3y+2 < 0

⇒ (y-;r_: :+2<0 ·
⇒ (y-;r ! <

⇒ (y-;t<Gr ·
⇒ --1 < y- -3 < -1
2 2 2
⇒ 1 < y<2
⇒ 1 < Ix- 31 < 2
⇒ 1 < Ix - 31 and Ix - 31 < 2
⇒ lx-31 > 1 and Ix - 31 s; 2 _
⇒ x-3 > 1 or x - 3 < _:1
and -2 <x-3<2
⇒ x > 4orx<2andl<x<5
Also Ix - 31 =1= 2
⇒ x~3 =1= 2 or -x+3-:t2
⇒ x -:#. 5 or x =1= 1
:. Solution set: (1, 2] u [4, 5)