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NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 6

Linear Inequalities Class 11
Chapter 6 Linear Inequalities Exercise 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, miscellaneous Solutions

Exercise 6.1 : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 122

Q1 :

Solve 24x < 100, when (i) x is a natural number (ii) x is an integer

Answer :

The given inequality is 24x < 100.

(i) It is evident that 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the only natural numbers less than .

Thus, when x is a natural number, the solutions of the given inequality are 1, 2, 3, and 4.

Hence, in this case, the solution set is {1, 2, 3, 4}.

(ii) The integers less than are …–3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.

Thus, when x is an integer, the solutions of the given inequality are

…–3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.

Hence, in this case, the solution set is {…–3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4}.

Q2 :

Solve -12x> 30, when

(i) xis a natural number (ii) xis an integer

Answer :

The given inequality is –12x> 30.

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(i) There is no natural number less than .

Thus, when xis a natural number, there is no solution of the given inequality.

(ii) The integers less than are …, –5, –4, –3.

Thus, when xis an integer, the solutions of the given inequality are

…, –5, –4, –3.

Hence, in this case, the solution set is {…, –5, –4, –3}.

Q3 :

Solve 5x- 3 < 7, when

(i) xis an integer (ii) xis a real number

Answer :

The given inequality is 5x– 3 < 7.

(i) The integers less than 2are …, –4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1.

Thus, when xis an integer, the solutions of the given inequality are

…, –4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1.

Hence, in this case, the solution set is {…, –4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1}.

(ii) When xis a real number, the solutions of the given inequality are given by x< 2, that is, all real numbers xwhich are
less than 2.

Thus, the solution set of the given inequality isx ∈(–∞, 2).

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Q4 :

Solve 3x+ 8 > 2, when

(i) xis an integer (ii) xis a real number

Answer :

The given inequality is 3x+ 8 > 2.

(i) The integers greater than –2are –1, 0, 1, 2, …

Thus, when xis an integer, the solutions of the given inequality are

–1, 0, 1, 2 …

Hence, in this case, the solution set is {–1, 0, 1, 2, …}.

(ii) When xis a real number, the solutions of the given inequality are all the real numbers, which are greater than –2.

Thus, in this case, the solution set is (– 2, ∞).

Q5 :

Solve the given inequality for real x: 4x + 3 < 5x + 7

Answer :

4x+ 3 < 5x+ 7

⇒ 4x+ 3 - 7 < 5x+ 7 - 7

⇒ 4x- 4 < 5x

⇒ 4x- 4 - 4x< 5x - 4x

⇒ -4 < x

Thus, all real numbers x,which are greater than -4, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (-4, ∠ž).

Q6 :

Solve the given inequality for real x: 3x - 7 > 5x - 1

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Answer :

3x– 7 > 5x– 1

⇒ 3x– 7 + 7 > 5x– 1 + 7

⇒ 3x> 5x+ 6

⇒ 3x– 5x> 5x+ 6 – 5x

⇒ – 2x > 6

Thus, all real numbers x,which are less than –3, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (–∞, –3).

Q7 :

Solve the given inequality for real x: 3(x - 1) ┰¤ 2 (x - 3)

Answer :

3(x- 1) ┰¤2(x- 3)

⇒ 3x- 3 ┰¤ 2x- 6

⇒ 3x- 3 + 3 ┰¤ 2x- 6 + 3

⇒ 3x ┰¤ 2x- 3

⇒ 3x - 2x ┰¤2x- 3 - 2x

⇒ x ┰¤- 3

Thus, all real numbers x,which are less than or equal to -3, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (-∠ž, -3].

Q8 :

Solve the given inequality for real x: 3(2 - x) â”°Â¥ 2(1 - x)

Answer :

3(2 - x) â”°Â¥2(1 - x)

⇒ 6 - 3x â”°Â¥2 - 2x

⇒ 6 - 3x+ 2x â”°Â¥2 - 2x + 2x

⇒ 6 - x â”°Â¥2

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⇒ 6 - x- 6 â”°Â¥2 - 6

⇒ -x â”°Â¥-4

⇒ x ┰¤4

Thus, all real numbers x,which are less than or equal to 4, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (-∠ž, 4].

Q9 :

Solve the given inequality for real x:

Answer :

Thus, all real numbers x,which are less than 6, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (–∞, 6).

Q10 :

Solve the given inequality for real x:

Answer :

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Thus, all real numbers x,which are less than –6, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (–∞, –6).

Q11 :

Solve the given inequality for real x:

Answer :

Thus, all real numbers x,which are less than or equal to 2, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (–∞, 2].

Q12 :

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Solve the given inequality for real x:

Answer :

Thus, all real numbers x,which are less than or equal to 120, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (–∞, 120].

Q13 :

Solve the given inequality for real x: 2(2x + 3) - 10 < 6 (x - 2)

Answer :

Thus, all real numbers x,which are greater than or equal to 4, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (4, ∞).

Q14 :

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Solve the given inequality for real x: 37 - (3x + 5) â”°Â¥ 9x - 8(x - 3)

Answer :

Thus, all real numbers x,which are less than or equal to 2, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (–∞, 2].

Q15 :

Solve the given inequality for real x:

Answer :

Thus, all real numbers x,which are greater than 4, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (4, ∞).

Q16 :

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Solve the given inequality for real x:

Answer :

Thus, all real numbers x,which are less than or equal to 2, are the solutions of the given inequality.

Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is (–∞, 2].

Q17 :

Solve the given inequality and show the graph of the solution on number line: 3x - 2 < 2x +1

Answer :

3x- 2 < 2x+1

⇒ 3x - 2x< 1 + 2

⇒ x< 3

The graphical representation of the solutions of the given inequality is as follows.

Q18 :

Solve the given inequality and show the graph of the solution on number line: 5x - 3 â”°Â¥ 3x - 5

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Answer :

The graphical representation of the solutions of the given inequality is as follows.

Q19 :

Solve the given inequality and show the graph of the solution on number line: 3(1 - x) < 2 (x + 4)

Answer :

The graphical representation of the solutions of the given inequality is as follows.

Q20 :

Solve the given inequality and show the graph of the solution on number line:

Answer :

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The graphical representation of the solutions of the given inequality is as follows.

Q21 :

Ravi obtained 70 and 75 marks in first two unit test. Find the minimum marks he should get in the third test
to have an average of at least 60 marks.

Answer :

Let xbe the marks obtained by Ravi in the third unit test.

Since the student should have an average of at least 60 marks,

Thus, the student must obtain a minimum of 35 marks to have an average of at least 60 marks.

Q22 :

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To receive Grade 'A' in a course, one must obtain an average of 90 marks or more in five examinations (each
of 100 marks). If Sunita's marks in first four examinations are 87, 92, 94 and 95, find minimum marks that
Sunita must obtain in fifth examination to get grade 'A' in the course.

Answer :

Let xbe the marks obtained by Sunita in the fifth examination.

In order to receive grade 'A' in the course, she must obtain an average of 90 marks or more in five examinations.

Therefore,

Thus, Sunita must obtain greater than or equal to 82 marks in the fifth examination.

Q23 :

Find all pairs of consecutive odd positive integers both of which are smaller than 10 such that their sum is
more than 11.

Answer :

Let x be the smaller of the two consecutive odd positive integers. Then, the other integer is x+ 2.

Since both the integers are smaller than 10,

x+ 2 < 10

⇒ x< 10 – 2

⇒ x< 8 … (i)

Also, the sum of the two integers is more than 11.

∴x+ (x + 2) > 11

⇒ 2x+ 2 > 11

⇒ 2x> 11 – 2

⇒ 2x> 9

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From (i) and (ii), we obtain .

Since x is an odd number, xcan take the values, 5 and 7.

Thus, the required possible pairs are (5, 7) and (7, 9).

Q24 :

The longest side of a triangle is 3 times the shortest side and the third side is 2 cm shorter than the longest
side. If the perimeter of the triangle is at least 61 cm, find the minimum length of the shortest side.

Answer :

Let the length of the shortest side of the triangle be x cm.

Then, length of the longest side = 3xcm

Length of the third side = (3x– 2) cm

Since the perimeter of the triangle is at least 61 cm,

Thus, the minimum length of the shortest side is 9 cm.

Q25 :

A man wants to cut three lengths from a single piece of board of length 91 cm. The second length is to be 3
cm longer than the shortest and the third length is to be twice as long as the shortest. What are the possible
lengths of the shortest board if the third piece is to be at least 5 cm longer than the second?

[Hint: If xis the length of the shortest board, then x, (x+ 3) and 2xare the lengths of the second and third
piece, respectively. Thus, x= (x + 3) + 2x ┰¤91 and 2x ┰¥(x + 3) + 5]

Answer :

Let the length of the shortest piece be xcm. Then, length of the second piece and the third piece are (x+ 3) cm and
2xcm respectively.

Since the three lengths are to be cut from a single piece of board of length 91 cm,

xcm + (x+ 3) cm + 2xcm ≤91 cm

⇒ 4x+ 3 ≤91

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⇒ 4x ≤91 – 3

⇒ 4x ≤88

Also, the third piece is at least 5 cm longer than the second piece.

∴2x ≥(x + 3) + 5

⇒ 2x ≥ x + 8

⇒ x ≥8 … (2)

From (1) and (2), we obtain

8 ≤ x ≤22

Thus, the possible length of the shortest board is greater than or equal to 8 cm but less than or equal to 22 cm.

Exercise 6.2 : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 127

Q1 :

Solve the given inequality graphically in two-dimensional plane: x + y < 5

Answer :

The graphical representation of x+ y= 5 is given as dotted line in the figure below.

This line divides the xy-plane in two half planes, Iand II.

Select a point (not on the line), which lies in one of the half planes, to determine whether the point satisfies the given
inequality or not.

We select the point as (0, 0).

It is observed that,

0 + 0 < 5 or, 0 < 5, which is true

Therefore, half plane II is not the solution region of the given inequality. Also, it is evident that any point on the line
does not satisfy the given strict inequality.

Thus, the solution region of the given inequality is the shaded half plane Iexcluding the points on the line.

This can be represented as follows.

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