Soccer

Candidate Name: T’Quan Bedeau

Candidate Number: 0042
Centre Number: 080021
Subject: Physical Education
Teacher: Mr. Imran George
School: Hillsborough Secondary School
Role: Coach
Contents
Acknowledgment..................................................................................................................................1
Introduction..........................................................................................................................................2
History of soccer...................................................................................................................................3
Rules governing soccer..........................................................................................................................6
Equipment used in soccer...................................................................................................................12
What is a coach?.................................................................................................................................19
Roles of a coach..................................................................................................................................20
Diagram of the soccer field.................................................................................................................21
Players list...........................................................................................................................................22
INTER HOUSE FIXTURE........................................................................................................................23
Preparation.........................................................................................................................................24
Match 1 Compton vs Fleary................................................................................................................26
Pictures of Match 1.............................................................................................................................28
Match 2 Compton vs Brathwaite........................................................................................................30
Pictures of Match 2.............................................................................................................................32
Recommendation................................................................................................................................34
Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................35
References...........................................................................................................................................36
 Acknowledgment
I would like to start by saying thank you to my physical education teacher for believing in me
and supporting and encouraging me for the last few years, especially in my school-based
assessment. Next, I would like to thank god for providing me with health, strength,
knowledge, and wisdom to complete and accomplish my SBA. In addition, I would like to
extend a big thank you to my parents for providing the necessary things for my everyday life.
Furthermore, I would like to thank my principal for all the motivating speeches and advice he
gave to me and my classmates for the past few years.

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 Introduction
Football is a game in which two teams of 11 players, using any part of their bodies except
their hands and arms, try to maneuver the ball into the opposing team’s goal. Only the
goalkeeper is permitted to handle the ball and may do so only within the penalty area
surrounding the goal. The team that scores more goals wins. Football is the world’s most
popular ball game in number of participants and spectators. Simple in its principal rules and
essential equipment, the sport can be played almost anywhere, from official football playing
fields (pitches) to gymnasiums, streets, school playgrounds, parks, or beaches. Football’s
governing body, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), estimated that
at the turn of the 21st century, there were approximately 250 million football players and over
1.3 billion people “interested” in football.

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 History of soccer
According to the Federation International de Football Association (FIFA), football - or soccer
as it is known in North America - is played by upwards of 240 million people worldwide.
Records trace the origins of the sport back more than 2,000 years ago to ancient China,
Greece, and Rome, where the 'ball' was made of rock or animal hide stuffed with hair. There
have even been suggestions it dates even further back to old Mesoamerican cultures - but
'football' or 'soccer' as we know it today has its roots in 19th century England.

From England, the idea of football spread to Europe and across the Atlantic. Two
schoolteachers, August Hermann and Konrad Koch introduced the game to Germany circa
1874. Immigrants, meanwhile, are thought to have brought soccer to the United States.
Throughout the history of soccer, we have seen multitudes of stars be born. Jadon Sancho is
one of world football’s most talented players now and in the future. - DFL

The first football association was formed in England in 1863. Rules were established - but
continued to change - and the size and weight of the match ball were standardized. Crucially,
carrying the ball with the hands was outlawed: association football (soccer) and rugby
became two separate entities.

Football continued to undergo rapid development into the 1900s, accelerated by

industrialization.
Public school teams soon became the minority following the emergence of the factory and
other work-based clubs. The best players received monetary incentives, and tickets were sold
to the public - mainly members of the working class - for matches.

Domestic leagues became commonplace around the world - the English Football League
being the first professional division. In Germany, football was played at an amateur level
until 1949, when semi-professional leagues were introduced. The country's first professional
division, the Bundesliga, started in 1963/64. Forty-six clubs from former West Germany
applied for admission to the new league. Sixteen were selected based on their sporting track
record, economic criteria, and representation in the various sub-regional leagues. Until 2001,

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the Bundesliga was directly under the auspices of the Detacher Football-Bund (DFB or
German Football Association). This changed with the formation of the Deutsche Football
Liga (DFL or German Football League).

The very first season of Bundesliga football took place from 1963 to 1964.

Early soccer leagues in the US mostly adopted the name 'football' for their activities, but
confusion between American football and association football resulted in the term 'soccer'
being used to describe the latter in the 1910s and early 1920s. Two professional soccer
leagues were started in 1967, the United Soccer Association and the National Professional
Soccer League, which merged.

To form the North American Soccer League in 1968. Interest in soccer within the United
States continued to grow and, as part of the United States' bid to host the 1994 FIFA World
Cup, US Soccer pledged to create a professional outdoor league. Major League Soccer duly
launched in 1996.

Latter-day continental club tournaments have existed, in various guises, for many years.
Europe's UEFA Champions League and the Americas' CONCACAF Champions League are
perhaps the best known. Interleague club competition can be traced back as far as the late
19th century, but international club tournaments are a relatively new concept. In 2000, the
FIFA Club World Cup was born, a tournament between the winners of the six continental
confederations, as well as the host nation's league champions. Since 2005, it has become an
annual event.

In the late 19th century, only a few national football teams existed, England and Scotland
among them. Germany has been represented in international football competitions since
1908, while the first US national soccer team was constituted in 1885. Football became an
International Olympic Committee-recognised sport in 1900, but it wasn't until 1930 that FIFA
- football's world governing body - decided to stage its international tournament, the World
Cup. Except for cancellations in 1942 and 1946 due to World War II - the tournament has
taken place every four years since.

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The UEFA European Football Championship, more commonly known as the Euros, is the
primary association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the
members of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA), determining the
continental champion of Europe. It is held every four years, in the even-numbered year
between World Cups. The first edition took place in 1960. The CONCACAF Gold Cup, the
main association football competition of the men's national football teams governed by The
Confederation of North, Central America, and Caribbean Association Football
(CONCACAF), determines the continental champion of North America, Central America,
and the Caribbean, is staged every two years.

Today 211 national associations are members of FIFA, football's world governing body. The
world regions are divided into six confederations: Confederation Africanise de Football
(CAF), Asian Football Confederation (AFC), UEFA, CONCACAF, Oceania Football
Confederation (OFC), and Confederation Sub Americana de Football (CONMEBOL). While
32 countries took part in World Cup qualifying in 1934, that number has risen to over 200,
reflecting football’s standing as a truly global phenomenon.

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 Rules governing soccer.
Law 1: The Field of Play

Soccer can be played on either grass or artificial turf, but the surface must be green in color.
The field must be rectangular and distinctly marked by two short goal lines and two long
touch lines. The field is divided into halves, separated by the halfway line, which runs from
the midpoints of each touchline. At the midpoint of the halfway line is a marked center point
surrounded by a lined center circle with a radius of 10 yards. Opposing players are not
allowed to enter this circle during the possessing team’s kick-off. The length of the touchline
must be greater than the length of the goal line.
Regulation lengths are:
Touchline: Minimum 90 meters (100 yards), maximum 120 meters (130 yards)
Width (goal line): Minimum 45 m (50 yds.), maximum 90 m (100 yds.).
At each end of the field is an eight-yard-wide goal-cantered along the goal line.
Six yards from each goal post along the goal line and six yards out into the field
(perpendicular to the goal line) is the goal box.
Extending 18 yards from each goal post along the goal line and 18 yards out into the field
(perpendicular to the goal line) is the penalty box.
In each of the four corners of the field is a five-foot-high corner flag.

Law 2: The Ball

A soccer ball must be spherical and made of leather or another comparable medium. Its
circumference must be in the range of 27 to 28 inches. This rule is only applicable for
officially sanctioned matches, as youth leagues often employ the use of a smaller ball that is
better suited to children.

Law 3: The Number of Players

Matches are generally played by two teams of 11 aside. The goalkeeper is included in the 11-
player total. If a team cannot field at least seven players at match time, the game is a forfeit.

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Teams of fewer than 11 a side can often be seen in youth leagues where smaller teams are
used as a developmental tool. FIFA-sanctioned matches are generally limited to three
substitutions per match, except for friendly matches. Most youth leagues allow an unlimited
number of substitutions, which must also be listed on the game card before the beginning of
the match, otherwise, those players are ineligible. Substitutions may only enter at the halfway
line, upon the referee’s approval, and after the player being subbed out has left the pitch. The
goalkeeper may be substituted with anyone on the pitch or any eligible substitute on the
bench during a game stoppage.

Law 4: The Players’ Equipment

All players are required to wear a jersey, shorts, shin guards, socks, and cleats. The socks
must cover the shin guards entirely. If the referee deems a player’s equipment unsatisfactory,
the player can be sent off until the issue is remedied.

Law 5: The Referee

The referee is the authority on the field, and his word is the law. If you question a referee’s
decision, you can be disciplined further simply for dissent.

Law 6: The Assistant Referees

The assistant referees are primarily responsible for assisting the referee in performing his
duties – this includes signaling with a flag when a ball goes off play, when a player is fouled,
or when a player is in an offside position.

Law 7: The Duration of the Match

A soccer match is comprised of two 45-minute halves, with extra time added for each at the
referee’s discretion. The halves are separated by a half-time period not to exceed 15 minutes.
The extra time generally corresponds with the referee’s determination of how much time was
taken up due to substitutions and injuries. The amount of extra time is announced and

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displayed at the half-line at the end of each 45 minutes. Although soccer does have an allotted
time limit, it is ultimately up to the referees as to when to end a match.

Law 8: The Start and Restart of Play

A kick-off is generally determined by a coin toss, whereby the winning team can either
choose to start with the ball or choose which goal they would like to attack. The losing team
is then afforded whatever choice the winner does not elect to take. Kick-off occurs at the start
of each half, after each goal is scored, and is taken at the center of the halfway line. If a team
scores a goal, the opposing team is given the kick-off to restart the match.

Law 9: The Ball In and Out of Play

The ball is out of play when it fully crosses either the goal line or the touchline. It is also out
of play if the referee stops play for any reason. If for any reason, the ball strikes the frame of
the goal or the referee and remains within the goal and touchlines, it is still in play.

Law 10: The Method of Scoring

A goal is scored when the entire ball has crossed the goal line within the frame of the goal. At
the end of the match, the team with the most goals is the winner, barring the circumstantial
necessity for extra time.
Law 11: Offside

When an attacking player receives the ball while in his opponent’s half, he must be level or
behind the second to last defender (the last typically being the goalkeeper). However, this
rule only applies if he is involved with the play. To get a better understanding of the offside
rule, please see the guide section for a more detailed explanation.

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 Law 12: Fouls and Misconduct

A direct free kick is awarded when a player:

Kicks or attempts to kick an opponent
Trips or attempts to trip an opponent
Jumps at an opponent
Charges an opponent
Strikes or attempts to strike an opponent
Pushes an opponent
Tackles an opponent
Holds an opponent
Spits at an opponent
Handles the ball deliberately
If any of these fouls are committed by a player in their team’s penalty area, the opposing team
is awarded a penalty kick. Indirect free kicks are awarded if a player:
Plays in a dangerous manner
Impedes the progress of an opponent
Prevents the goalkeeper from releasing the ball from his/her hands
Commits any other unmentioned offense
Yellow cards are awarded as a caution or warning to a player and can be issued for the
following offenses:
Unsporting behavior
Dissent by word or action
Persistent infringement of the Laws of the Game
Delaying the restart of play
Failure to respect the required distance when play is restarted with a corner kick, free kick, or
throw-in
Entering or re-entering the field of play without the referee’s permission
Deliberately leaving the field of play without the referee’s permission
Red cards are used to send a player off the field, and can be issued for the following offenses:
Serious foul play
Violent conduct
Spitting at an opponent or any other person

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Denying the opposing team a goal or an obvious goal-scoring opportunity by deliberately
handling the ball (the goalkeeper being an exception)
Denying an obvious goal-scoring opportunity to an opponent moving towards the player’s
goal by an offense punishable by a free kick or a penalty kick
Using offensive or abusive language and/or gestures
Receiving a second caution (yellow card) in the same match

Law 13: Free Kicks

Free Kick is broken into two categories, direct and indirect. A direct kick can be shot directly
into the opponent’s goal without touching another player. An indirect free kick is indicated by
the referee raising his hand during the kick. An indirect kick can only go into the goal if it has
subsequently been touched by another player before it enters the goal. The ball must be
stationary for both types of kicks.

Law 14: The Penalty Kick

A penalty kick is awarded either when a defensive player fouls an attacking player or
commits a handball in his/her team’s penalty area. The penalty kick is placed at the penalty
spot, and all players on both teams must remain outside the penalty box during the shot. They
may enter the box immediately after the shot is taken. The goalkeeper may move horizontally
along the goal line before the shot is taken, but he may not come off the line until the ball is
struck.
Law 15: The Throw-In

A throw-in is awarded when the possessing team plays the ball out of bounds over the
touchline. While taking a throw-in, a player must release the ball with both hands
simultaneously and keep both feet firmly planted on the ground. If these conditions are not
met, play is stopped, and the
Throw-in is given to the opposing team. Players are not allowed to score directly off a throw-
in.

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 Law 16: The Goal Kick

A goal kick is awarded when the offensive team plays the ball out of bounds over the
defensive team’s goal line. After the ball is out of play, the defender or goalkeeper may place
the ball anywhere within the six-yard goal box and kick the ball back into play.

Law 17: The Corner Kick

A corner kick is awarded to the offensive team when the defensive team plays the ball out of
bounds over its goal line. The ball is placed within the corner area and is kicked back into
play by the offensive team. Players can score directly off a corner kick.

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 Equipment used in soccer.
Soccer ball
The soccer ball is used for kicking around in a soccer match.

Shin Guards
A shin guard or shin pad is a piece of equipment worn on the front of an athlete's shin to
protect it from injury.

Soccer boots
Soccer cleats are most used in football by kickers and punters. Soccer cleats are designed to
give players a better 'feel' of the ball, which is why football punters and kickers choose them
over traditional football cleats.

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Socks
Wearing the right soccer socks can help prevent blisters, avoid fungal growth, add ankle
support, minimize shin guard distractions, and increase confidence level.

Soccer t-shirt
A player's jersey and the rest of the equipment they wear out on the pitch is referred to as a
“kit” or “uniform.”

Soccer shorts
Use them for a workout, training, practice, or games. Soccer shorts come in many colors and
different inseam lengths as well.

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Spray ground marker
Use them for a workout, training, practice, or games. Soccer shorts come in many colors and
different inseam lengths as well.

Soccer gloves
It is used for a goalkeeper to keep their hands safe

Speed ladder
They improve three key fitness factors—speed, agility, and quickness—in addition to
strengthening your joints, ligaments and tendons.

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Whistle
The whistle is usually blown to signal a goal because the whistle is used to start and stop
play. However, when a goal is scored, play may automatically stop, so sometimes a whistle is
not used.

Water coolers
Water dispensers, called water coolers, are devices that dispense cold, warm, or normal room-
temperature water.

Water bottles
Bottles are used to hold any type of drink during sports that fuel the workout.

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Cones
Soccer cones are a necessary training tool for enhancing players' agility, coordination, and
ball control skills.

Ball pump
Is used to put air in the soccer ball.

Gear Bag
Designed to accommodate teen and youth athletes, this soccer equipment backpack lets
soccer players easily carry all their gear in one bag.

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Soccer flag
This is the most basic signal the assistant will make. By putting the flag up, they
are indicating to the referee that the play needs to be stopped for some reason. Typically,
when the assistant sees something, they will put up the flag, and after the referee blows the
whistle, the assistant will indicate what they saw.

Red and yellow cards

A red card in soccer results in an ejection from the game, while a yellow card is a warning to
the player that they are in danger of being ejected.

Soccer goal
A goal is scored when the whole of the ball passes over the goal line, between the goalposts,
and under the crossbar, provided that no offense has been committed by the team scoring the
goal.

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First aid kit
The items in a soccer first aid kit can prevent further damage by preventing infection or
reducing bleeding.

Substitution Board
The manual substitution board is made from an aluminum frame. Dimension: 35cm (W) x
40cm (H). The double-sided frame allows clear signaling to the referees, players, and
audience players entering and leaving the game. On one side the characters are yellow and
red on the other side.

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 What is a coach?
A coach- is a person who teaches and trains the members of a sports team and makes
decisions about how the team plays during games.

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 Roles of a coach
1. Responsible for planning training sessions.
2. Responsible for tactical and technical decisions.
3. Monitors and evaluates team performance.
4. Liaise with the Team Manager to organize training sessions.
5. Liaises with the Manager, Captain, and other players to work out ways of improving the
team’s performance.

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 Diagram of the soccer field

Players list

Compton House Football Team 2023

Team Manager: Denil John

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Coach: T’Quan Bedeau

Inzari Williams
Tyler Davis
Rickel Blair
Brenton Joseph
Khalid Peters
Rashodi Cheasor
Xzavion Rock
Kirani Rawlins
Khalik Pope
Martin Emmons
Desmond Campbell
Antoni Frank
Khalik Pope
Nathan Stapleton
Austin Emmons.

DATE MATCH TEAMS VENUE REFEREE TIME

14-Nov-2023 1 FLEARY VS HILLSBOROUGH I. George 2:45 PM

COMPTON PLAYING FIELD Q. Collins

16-Nov-2023 2 COMPTON VS HILLSBOROUGH I. George 2:45 PM

BRATHWAITE PLAYING FIELD Q. Collins

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20-Nov-2023 3 FLEARY VS HILLSBOROUGH I. George 2:45 PM
BRATHWAITE PLAYING FIELD Q. Collins

HILLSBOROUGH I. George
22-Nov- 2023 4 FLEARY VS PLAYING FIELD Q. Collins 2:45 PM
BRATHWAITE

INTER HOUSE FIXTURE

INTERNAL RULES
 NO SCHOOL UNIFORM
 NO VEST
 STARTS AT 2:45 PM
 TEAMS MUST WEAR THE COLOR OF THEIR HOUSE
 TWO (2) MINUTES WATER BREAK PER HALF

Preparation

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 Match 1 Compton vs Fleary

Start time: 3:03 pm

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Goal (Red) scored at 3:06 pm by Denison John
Goal (Red) scored at 3:16 pm by Denison John
Goal (Red) scored at 3:20 pm by Denison John
End Of First Half at 3:23 pm

Start Of Second Half at 3:28 pm

Goal (Red) scored at 3:29 pm by Josh Thomas
Goal (Red) scored at 3:42 pm by Josh Thomas
Goal (Red) scored at 3:44 pm by Qwanell Charles
End Game: 3:45 pm

Final Score
Compton - 0
Fleary - 6

Coach report

My team tried but unfortunately we lost, Fleary took the victory. We need to work on our
defense and our attacking strategy in order to win games we look forward to defeating
Brathwaite in the next match.

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Pictures of Match 1

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Match 2 Compton vs
Brathwaite

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Start time: 2:51 pm
Goal (Blue) scored at 2:53 pm by Denis John
Goal (Yellow) scored at 3:00 pm by Rickel Blair
Goal (Blue) scored at 3:08 pm by Jahbori Lewis

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End Of First Half at 3:09 pm

Start of the Second Half at 3:12 pm

Own goal (Yellow) scored at 3:17 pm by Inzari Williams
Goal (Yellow) scored at 3:25 pm by Xavion Rock
Goal (Blue) scored at 3:30 pm by Jayvon Roberts
Goal (Blue) scored at 3:33 pm by Corey Jones
Own goal (Yellow) scored at 3:37 pm by Desmond Campbell
End Game: 3:39 pm

Yellow Card was awarded to Jayvon Roberts

Final Score
Compton - 2
Brathwaite - 6

Coach Report
In our second match, we tried our best but still didn’t come out victorious. We scored two
goals while Brathwaite scored six goals, our revised strategies didn’t work and in that light
we lost our two matches.

Pictures of
Match 2

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 Recommendation
 Games should start on time
 Equipment should be worn
 More gears

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 Conclusion

It can be concluded that Flearly has the

Best defender- Jadon John

Best goalkeeper- Dakota Joseph
Most goals - Josh Thomas
MVP -Josh Thomas

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 References
Caribbean Examinations Council (2012) Rules and responsibility of a coach. Retrieved from
https://www.cxc.org/SiteAssets/syllabusses/CSEC/CSEC%20Physical%20Education%20and
%20Sport.pdf

Deutsche Football Lia GmbH. (2021). The history of soccer. Retrieved from

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Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc (2023). Who is a coach Retrieved from
https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/coach#:~:text=b%20%3A%20a%20person%20who
%20teaches,a%20football%2Fbasketball%2Fsoccer%20coach

Syosset Soccer Club. (2017). What Are The Rules? The 17 Laws of Soccer Explained.
Retrieved from
http://www.syossetsoccer.org/home/683808.html

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