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RoadMap C++

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7 views

RoadMap C++

Uploaded by

shlokojha67
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Introduction to Programming and C++


Understanding Programming Basics
What is programming? High-level vs. low-level languages.
Introduction to compilers, linkers, and IDEs (e.g., Visual Studio, Code::Blocks, or
VSCode).
Getting Started with C++
Installing a compiler (GCC, Clang, MSVC).
Writing your first "Hello, World!" program.
The structure of a basic C++ program.
2. C++ Syntax and Fundamentals
Data Types and Variables
Fundamental types: int, float, char, double, bool.
Type modifiers: signed, unsigned, long, short.
Constants (const, constexpr) and literals.
Input and Output
Using cin, cout, endl, and formatted I/O.
Operators
Arithmetic, relational, logical, and bitwise operators.
Operator precedence and associativity.
Control Flow
If-else, switch-case.
Loops: for, while, do-while.
Break, continue, and goto statements.
3. Functions
Basics of Functions
Syntax, return types, and parameters.
Pass-by-value vs. pass-by-reference.
Advanced Functions
Default arguments.
Inline functions.
Function overloading.
Recursive functions.
4. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
Core OOP Concepts
Classes and objects.
Access modifiers: public, private, protected.
Constructors and destructors.
Member functions and properties.
Advanced OOP
Inheritance (single and multiple).
Polymorphism: virtual functions, function overriding.
Abstract classes and pure virtual functions.
Encapsulation and data hiding.
Special Member Functions
Copy constructors, move constructors.
Assignment operator overloading.
5. Memory Management
Dynamic Memory Allocation
Pointers and references.
new and delete operators.
Arrays and dynamic memory.
Smart Pointers (C++11 and later)
std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr, std::weak_ptr.
RAII (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization)
Scope-based resource management.
6. Advanced C++ Syntax and Concepts
Templates
Function templates.
Class templates.
Template specialization and type traits.
Operator Overloading
Overloading arithmetic, relational, and stream operators.
Friend functions.
Namespaces
Defining and using namespaces.
std namespace and aliasing with using.
Enums and Type Aliases
Enumerations (enum, enum class).
typedef and using.
7. The C++ Standard Library (STL)
Containers
Sequential: vector, deque, list, array.
Associative: set, map, multiset, multimap.
Unordered: unordered_map, unordered_set.
Iterators
Types of iterators and their usage.
Iterator-based algorithms.
Algorithms
Searching, sorting, and manipulating collections.
std::sort, std::find, std::accumulate.
Strings
std::string operations and manipulation.
Utility Classes
Pairs and tuples.
std::optional, std::variant, std::any (C++17+).
8. Exception Handling
Basics
Try-catch blocks and the throw keyword.
Exception classes and hierarchy.
Custom Exceptions
Creating user-defined exception classes.
Best Practices
Resource cleanup with exception safety.
9. File Handling
Basic File I/O
Reading and writing text files using ifstream and ofstream.
Binary file operations.
File Streams
Using fstream for combined I/O operations.
Error handling with file streams.
10. Multithreading and Concurrency
Threads in C++
std::thread and thread management.
Thread synchronization (mutex, lock_guard, unique_lock).
Concurrency
Using condition variables.
Parallel algorithms (C++17 and later).
11. Modern C++ Features
C++11 and Beyond
Lambda expressions and closures.
Move semantics and std::move.
Range-based loops.
auto and decltype.
C++14 Enhancements
Generic lambdas.
Variable templates.
C++17 Features
Structured bindings.
std::optional, std::variant.
C++20 Highlights
Concepts and requires.
Ranges and coroutines.
12. Advanced Topics
Design Patterns
Singleton, Factory, Observer, etc.
Meta-programming
Template metaprogramming.
constexpr functions and compile-time programming.
Interfacing with C
Using extern "C".
Graphics Programming
Libraries like OpenGL, DirectX, or SFML.
Game Development
Using engines like Unreal Engine (C++).
13. Debugging, Testing, and Optimization
Debugging
Using GDB or Visual Studio debugger.
Common debugging techniques.
Unit Testing
Google Test (gTest) or Catch2 framework.
Performance Optimization
Profiling tools.
Optimizing algorithms and memory usage.
14. Building Applications
Console Applications
Building CLI tools.
GUI Development
Libraries like Qt or wxWidgets.
Cross-Platform Development
Using CMake for project configuration.
Writing portable code.
15. Resources and Learning Materials
Official Documentation
C++ Reference.
Books
The C++ Programming Language by Bjarne Stroustrup.
Effective Modern C++ by Scott Meyers.
Accelerated C++ by Andrew Koenig and Barbara Moo.
Online Courses
Udemy, Coursera, or Codecademy for C++.
Practice Platforms
LeetCode, HackerRank, and Codeforces for competitive programming.

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