The Copperbelt University

School of Mathematics And Natural Sciences

Department of Mathematics

MA210: Engineering Mathematics

January 8, 2024

Worksheet Lecturer: Mr. T. Sinyangwe.

Differentiation
(1) Differentiate the following using first principle of differentiation;

(i) f (x) = sin(x) (ii) f (x) = cos(x) (iii) f (x) = tan(x) (iv) f (x) = ln(x)
1 √
(v) f (x) = ex (vi) f (x) = (vii) f (x) = x
x
(2) Differentiate the following using the product rule;
√
(i) f (x) = (x2 +3) x (ii) f (x) = (x+3) tan(x) (iii) f (x) = (1−2 sec x)(2+7 tan x)
(iv) f (x) = 2 sin(7x) cos(x) (v) f (x) = x3 ex sin x (vi) f (x) = cos(x) ln(x)
xx ln(tan x)
(vii) f (x) = e (viii)f (x) = e (ix)f (x) = ex tan x (x) f (x) = ex ln x

(3) Differentiate the following by using the quotient rule;

x8 + 3 (sec x − 2) 2 sin x + 3 cos x
(i) f (x) = (ii) f (x) = (iii) f (x) =
(x + 3) tan x 4 sec x + 2 x − tan x
x2 + 1 3x + ex 1 + 2 ln(x)
(iv) f (x) = (v) f (x) = (vi) f (x) =
x3 (x− 1)2 1 + ln x 1 − 2 ln(x)
(4) Differentiate the following using Chain rule;

1
 √
(i) f (x) = (2x + 5)7 (ii) f (x) = sin(3x2 + 7) (iii) f (x) = x + 3 cos3 x
r
2x2 + a2
   
x 7 9
(iv) f (x) = 2 2
(v) f (x) = sin cos(2x) (vi) f (x) = 2 ln
2x − a 3 x x3
 
7
(vii) f (x) = ln x2 + 7 e−5x (ix) f (x) = esin 3x


(viii) f (x) = ln
x3
2
(x) f (x) = ln(cos(9x)) (xi) f (x) = sin(ex )e−x (xii) f (x) = cos ex ln x

(5) Find the derivative of the following inverse trigonometric functions;

(i) y = sin−1 x (ii) y = cos−1 x (iii) y = tan−1 x (iv) y = cot−1 x

(6) Differentiate the following inverse trigonometric functions;

 
−1 −1 1 − x
(i) f (x) = sin (2x) (ii) f (x) = cos (iii) f (x) = e3x tan−1 (2x)
1+x
(7) Find the turning points and determine whether the turning point is maximum or
minimum of the following functions;
x2
(i) f (x) = 3x2 − 4x + 2 (ii) f (x) = x(6 − x) (iii) f (x) = x3 − − 2x + 4
2
(iv) f (x) = x3 + 3x2 − 60x − 12 (v) f (x) = 3x2 − 6x

(8) The output for a firm over time is given by the function,

t3 t2 3t
Q= − + + 120
30 5 10
Determine the years (t) in which output is at a maximum and a minimum.

(9) Use logarithmic differentiation to compute the derivative of the following functions;
ln x
(x + 3)2 (x − 3)

(i) f (x) = √ (ii) y = ln x (iii) y = x3x − (sin x)x
2x + 5(2x + 7)4
x
(iv) y = xsin x (v) y = xx

(10) Differentiate the following implicit functions;

x2 + y 2
(i) x2 + y 2 = 9 (ii) (iii) xsin y = y sin x (iv) y(x + y) = tan y
= sin y
2xy
√ √ √
(v) ex+y = ln(xy) (vi) x = y cos(x + y) (vii) x y + y x = 2 xy

(11) Use the method of L0 Hospital’s Rule to evaluate the following limits;
cos x − ex x3 + 2x + 2 5x3 + 5x − 4
 
(i) lim (ii) lim (iii) lim
x→0 x x→∞ 5x3 + 8 x→∞ 7x3 + 6x − 4

ecos x − 1 x3 − 9x2 + 27x − 27 cos x − 1

(iv) lim (v) lim (vi) lim .
x→0 x x→3 x2 − 6x + 9 x→0 ln(cos x)

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 Integration
(1) A stone is thrown vertically upwards from the edge of a cliff at 19.6 m/s. Assuming
that gravity produces a downwards acceleration of 9.8 m/s2 , deduce the velocity and
position of the stone after 1s, 3s, and 5s. Explain the sign of each answer, taking
upwards motion as positive.

(2) A stone is thrown vertically downwards from the top of a cliff at 15 m/s. Assuming
that its acceleration due to gravity is 9.81 m/s2 , find expressions for velocity and
dv
position t seconds later, by solving the differential equation = 9.81
dt
(3) Find the displacement (s) in terms of time (t) from the following data

(i)
ds
= 3, s = 3 when t = 0,
dt
(ii)
v = 4t − 1, s = 0 when t = 2,
(iii)
v = (3t − 1)(t + 2), s = 1 when t = 2,
(iii)
2 1
v = t2 + 5 − , s= when t = 1,
t2 3
(4) Find the area enclosed by the x−axis, the curve y = 3x2 +2, and the following straight
lines;

(i) the y−axis and x = 4,

(ii) x = 1 and x = 2,
(iii) x = −1 and x = 3,
(iv) x = −3 and x = −2.

(5) Sketch and find the area and volume under the following curves;

(i) y = x2 from x = 0 to x = 3,
(ii) y = 2x2 + 1 from x = 2 to x = 5,

(6) Find the areas enclosed by the x−axis, and the following curves and straight lines;

(i) y = x2 + 4 from x = −2 to x = 5,
(ii) y = x2 (x − 1)(x − 2) from x = −2 to x = −1,
(iii) y = 3/x2 from x = 1 to x = 6,
(iv) y = x2 (x2 − 3)3 from x = −2 to x = 5,

(7) Integrate the following by using suitable trigonometric identities

(i) Z
sin 7x cos 3x dx

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 (ii) Z
sin 3x cos 2x dx

(iii) Z
cos 6x cos 3x dx

(iv) Z
sin 5x sin 6x dx

(9) Integrate the following functions using suitable substitutions (i.e. by the method of
substitution).

(i) Z
(x5 + 7)7 x4 dx

(ii) Z
2x(x2 + 3)8 dx

(iii) Z
3x + 2
√ dx
3x2 + 4x
(iv) Z
esin x cos x dx

(v) Z
3
x2 ex dx

(vi) Z
x
dx
x2 +2
(vii)
ex
Z
dx
ex + 1
(10) Determine the following integrals using the method of integration by parts

(i) Z
xex dx

(ii) Z
(x + 2)e3x dx

(iii) Z
x2 cos x dx

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 (iv) Z
e−x cos 2x dx

(v) Z
x2 e2x dx

(vi) Z
x2 ln 5x dx.

(11) Evaluate the following integrals

Z Z Z Z p
1 1 1
(i) 2
dx (ii) p dq (iii) 2
dx (iv) x2 − 4dx
4+x 5 − q2 x +3

(12) Use reduction formula to evaluate the following the following integrals
Z Z Z Z
(i) sin4 xdx (ii) sin5 xdx (iii) cos7 xdx (iv) cos5 xdx.

(13) Evaluate the following integrals using partial fractions with linear factors

(i) Z
12
dx
(x2 − 9)
(ii)
4(x − 4)
Z
dx
(x2 − 2x − 3)
(iii)
3(2x2 − 8x − 1)
Z
dx
(x + 4)(x + 1)(2x − 1)
(iv)
(x2 + 9x + 8)
Z
dx
(x2 + x − 6)
(14) Determine the following definite integrals using partial fractions with linear factors
correct to 4 significant figures.

(i)
3 3
− 2x2 − 4x − 4
Z 
x
dx
2 x2 + x − 2
(ii)
4
x2 − 3x + 6
Z 
dx
3 x(x − 2)(x − 1)
(iii)
6 2 
− x − 14
Z
x
dx
4 x2 − 2x − 3

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(15) Determine the following integrals using partial fractions with repeated linear factors

(i) Z  
4x − 3
dx
(x + 1)2
(ii)
5x2 − 30x + 44
Z  
dx
(x − 2)3
(iii)
3x2 + 16x + 15
Z  
dx
(x + 3)3
(16) In problem (i) and (ii), evaluate the definite integrals correct to 4 significant figures

(i)
Z 2 2 
x + 7x + 3
dx
1 x2 (x + 3)
(ii)
7
18 + 21x − x2
Z 
dx
6 (x − 5)(x + 2)2
(17) Determine the following integrals using partial fractions with quadratic factors,
x2 − x − 13 6x − 5
Z Z Z
4
(i) 2
dx (ii) 2
dx (iii) dx.
(x + 7)(x − 2) (x − 4)(x + 3) (16 − x2 )

Improper Integrals
(1) Determine whether the following integrals are convergent or divergent. If it is conver-
gent, find its value
Z 0 Z ∞ Z ∞ Z ∞
1 1 −x2
(i) √ dx (ii) 2
dx (iii) xe dx (iv) (2−4x+6x2 )dx
−∞ 3 − x 1 x −∞ 4

Z 5 Z 2 Z 0 Z ∞
1 3
(v) dx (vi) √ dx (vii) xe2+3x dx (viii) xe2+3x dx
0 4x − 20 −1
6
4 − 2x −∞ 0

∞ 3 ∞ ∞
6x3 x3
Z Z Z Z
1 1
(ix) dx (x) dx (xi) dx (xii) dx
2 x2 + 1 0 x2 − 4x −∞ (x4 + 1)2 −∞ x4 + 1
(2) Use the Comparison Test to evaluate the following integrals if they are convergent
or divergent.
Z ∞ Z ∞ Z ∞ Z ∞
cos2 x 1 1 x
(i) 2
dx (ii) 3
dx (iii) √
5
dx (iv) √ dx
2 x 1 x +1 4 x−2 0 x6 + 2

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 ∞ ∞ ∞
1 + 3 sin4 (2x)
Z Z Z
1 1
(v) dx (vi) √ dx (vii) √ dx
3 x + ex 1 x 1 x3 +5

Partial, & Total Derivatives

∂u ∂u
(1) Find and if u = er cos θ · cos(r sin θ)
∂r ∂θ
1 ∂U ∂U
(2) If U = (1 − 2xy + y 2 )− 2 prove that, x −y = y2U 3
∂x ∂y
dV
(3) If V = x2 + y 2 where, x = a cos t, y = b sin t, find and verify the result.
dt
(4) If z = f (x, y) where, x = eu cos v and y = eu sin v, show that

(i)
∂z ∂z ∂z
y +x = e2u
∂u ∂v ∂y
(ii)
 2  2  2  2 
∂z ∂z −2u ∂z ∂z
+ =e +
∂x ∂y ∂u ∂v
dz
(5) If z = u2 + v 2 and u = at2 , v = 2at, find .
dt
∂w ∂w ∂w
(6) If w = f (u, v), where u = x + y and v = x − y, show that + =2 .
∂x ∂y ∂u
(7) Find fx (x, y) and fy (x, y) of the following functions

x2 − 2y
(i) f (x, y) = x3 ye3x+4y (ii) f (x, y) = (iii) f (x, y) = 5x2 sin(x2 y)
3x + y 2
 2
y
(iv) f (x, y) = ln(x2 ).
x5
∂z
(8) Find if the equation yz − ln z = x2 + y 2 defines z as a function of two independent
∂x
variables x and y and partial derivative exists.
∂f ∂f
(9) Find the values and at the point (−7, 3) if
∂x ∂y
2 3
f (x, y) = 3x5 + 5x2 y 3 + y 3 −
7

(10) Define the following functions;

2 +y 2 )
u1 (x, y) := cos(2xy), u2 (x, y) := sin(x2 y) & u3 (x, y) := e−(x .

Find the following partial differential equations;

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 (i)
∂ 2 u3 ∂ 2 u1 ∂ 2 u2
− +
∂y 2 ∂x2 ∂y 2
(ii)
∂ 2 u1 ∂ 2 u2 ∂ 2 u3
+ −
∂y 2 ∂x2 ∂x2
(11) Let f : R2 −→ R be defined by
f ((x, y)) := x2 + 2y 2 − 3xy, ∀ (x, y) ∈ R.
Find the value of
fx ((1, 0)) + fy ((1, 1)) + fxy ((2, 1)).

Application of Partial Derivatives

(1) Find the equation of the tangent plane and normal line to the surface
(i)
x2 + 2y 2 + 3z 2 = 12 at (1, 2, −1)
(ii)
xyz = 6 at (1, 2, 3)
(iii)
z 2 = 4(1 + x2 + y 2 ) at (2, 2, 6)
(iv)
x2 y 2
− =z at (2, 3, −1)
2 3
(2) For the transformation
  u = x + y, v = x3 + y 3 , where x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ.
u, v
Evaluate J .
r, θ
 
x, y
(3) If x = u + v, y = uv, find J .
u, v
u ∂(x, y) ∂(u, v)
(4) If x = u + v, y = , find and hence evaluate .
v ∂(u, v) ∂(x, y)
∂(u, v, w)
(5) If u = xy − z, v = yz − x, w = xz − y, evaluate .
∂(x, y, z)
(6) Find the extremum values of z = x2 y 2 − 5x2 − 5y 2 − 6xy
(7) Find the maximum or minimum values of z = x3 + 3y 2 + 3xy.
(8) The total revenue function for two goods is given by the equation
T R = 36x − 36x2 + 56y − 4y 2
Use Lagrange multiplier to find the number of units of each good which must be
sold if profit is to be maximised when the firm is subject to a budget constraint,
5x + 10y = 80.

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 (9) A firm has a production function f (p, q) = 3p2 + 2q 2 + 3q + 2p, where p and q are the
number of units of labour and capital. Use Lagrange multiplier to find the maximum
level of production, subject to the constraint p2 + q 2 = 1.

(10) Find the stationary points of the function

f (x, y) = 8x4 + 8y 4 + 65x2 y 2 − 9x2 − 9y 2 + 1.

(11) Find the extremum of

ex+y
z= .
xy

(12) Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x, y) = 8x2 −2y subject to the constraint
x2 + y 2 = 1.

(13) Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x, y, z) = y 2 − 10z subject to the con-
straint x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 36.

(14) Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x, y, z) = 3x2 + y subject to the con-
straints 4x − 3y = 9 and x2 + z 2 = 9.
 
w, z
(15) Calculate the Jacobian transformation J for the following mappings
x, y
(i)
w = x − 2y, z = 2x + y

(ii)
w = 2x − 3y, z = 5x + 7y.

♠End of Worksheet♠
”Never leave anything for tomorrow that you can do today”

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