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Assignment 1

This document contains 10 questions about open channel flow concepts including: 1) Whether a channel with three free surfaces qualifies as an open channel and what a dashed line represents 2) Calculating flow rate in a trapezoidal channel given its slope and normal depth 3) Determining the appropriate slope and flow capacity of an excavated trapezoidal channel to prevent erosion

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Chanako Dane
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230 views

Assignment 1

This document contains 10 questions about open channel flow concepts including: 1) Whether a channel with three free surfaces qualifies as an open channel and what a dashed line represents 2) Calculating flow rate in a trapezoidal channel given its slope and normal depth 3) Determining the appropriate slope and flow capacity of an excavated trapezoidal channel to prevent erosion

Uploaded by

Chanako Dane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Addis Ababa Institute of Technology

Department of civil and Environmental Engineering


Hydraulics-II (CENG-2162)
Assignment 1(Open Channel Flow)
1) The water-channel flow in Fig. shown below has a free surface in three places. Does it
qualify as an open-channel flow? Explain. What does the dashed line represent?

2) The trapezoidal channel of Fig. shown below is made of brickwork and slopes at 1:500.
Determine the flow rate if the normal depth is 80 cm.

3) A trapezoidal channel is to be excavated at a site where permit restrictions require that the
channel have a bottom width of 5 m, side slopes of 1.5:1 (H:V) and a depth of flow of 1.8
m. If the soil material erodes when the shear stress on the perimeter of the channel exceeds
3.5 N/m2, determine the appropriate slope and flow capacity of the channel. Use the Darcy-
Weisbach equation and assume that the excavated channel has an equivalent sand
roughness of 3 mm
4) A prismatic channel of symmetric trapezoidal section, 1600 mm deep and with top and
bottom widths 3 m and 0.6 m respectively carries water at a rate of 2.6 m3 s–1. Manning’s
n may be taken as 0.012 m–1/3 s. Find:
(a) The normal depth at a slope of 1 in 2500;
(b) The Froude number at the normal depth;
(c) The critical depth;
(d) The critical slope.
5) A rectangular channel 5m wide laid to a mild bed slope conveys a discharge of 8 m3/s at a
uniform flow depth of 1.25m.
A) Determine the critical depth
B) Neglecting the energy loss, show the height of streamlined sill constructed on the bed
affects the depth upstream of the sill and the depth at the crest of the sill.
C) Show that if the flow at the crest becomes critical the structure can be used as a flow
measuring device using only an upstream depth measurement.
6) Consider the flow in a wide channel over a bump, as shown in Fig. below. One can
estimate the water-depth change or transition with frictionless flow. Use continuity and the
Bernoulli equation to show that

7) A trapezoidal channel has side slopes of 1 horizontal to 2 vertical and the slope of the bed
is 1 in 2000. The area of the section is 42 m2. Find the dimensions of the section if it is
most economical. Determine the discharge of the most economical section if C = 60.

8) An undershot sluice controls the flow in a channel of width 1.5 m. If the flow rate is 3 m3
s–1 and the upstream depth is 1.8 m calculate the minimum depth and Froude number just
downstream of the sluice if:

a) There is no energy loss;


b) There is a 10% loss in specific energy through the sluice.

9) Given is the flow of a channel of large width b under a sluice gate, as shown in Fig. below.
Assuming frictionless steady flow with negligible upstream kinetic energy, derive a
formula for the dimensionless flow ratio Q2/(y13b2g) as a function of the ratio y2/y1. Show
by differentiation that the maximum flow rate occurs at y2 =2y1/3.

10) A long wide rectangular channel has a slope of 2×10–5, a Manning’s n of 0.01 m–1/3 s
and a flow rate of 0.5 m3 s–1 per metre width. A broad-crested weir with a height of 0.7 m is
placed in the channel. Determine:
(a) The normal depth in the channel;
(b) The depth over the weir;
(c) The depth downstream of the weir assuming that the hydraulic jump occurs well
downstream;
(d) The depth upstream of the hydraulic jump, and thus …
(e) The actual position of the hydraulic jump.

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