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HP Prime Calc - 261 Physics-4

The document discusses the speed and orbital period of satellites revolving around Earth using Newton's laws of motion and gravity. It provides the formulas to calculate satellite speed and period based on Earth's radius and the satellite's height. As examples, it calculates the height, speed, and orbital period of geostationary and GPS satellites.

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John Bofarull Guix
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views

HP Prime Calc - 261 Physics-4

The document discusses the speed and orbital period of satellites revolving around Earth using Newton's laws of motion and gravity. It provides the formulas to calculate satellite speed and period based on Earth's radius and the satellite's height. As examples, it calculates the height, speed, and orbital period of geostationary and GPS satellites.

Uploaded by

John Bofarull Guix
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HP Prime Application Note Physics:

04. Orbiting Satellites

What is the speed and the period of satellites revolving around the Earth? All this is just
mechanics going back to Isaac Newton’s 1687 Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
Watch the video How Do Satellites Get & Stay in Orbit? at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IC1JQu9xGHQ.

𝒈𝒈
The speed of a satellite moving around our planet is: 𝒗𝒗𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨 = 𝑹𝑹𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄 ∙ �
𝑹𝑹 𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄 +𝑯𝑯

(in m/s) where 𝑅𝑅Earth = 6 371 000 m, g = 9.8 m/s² and H being the height of the satellite
above the surface of the Earth.

Enter the formula in the Solve app:

The satellite’s orbital period is: 𝑻𝑻𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨 =


𝟑𝟑
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐∙(𝑹𝑹𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄 +𝑯𝑯)𝟐𝟐
(in s):
𝑹𝑹𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄 ∙�𝒈𝒈

Now, use the Solve app to calculate the


height of a geostationary satellite. For
this, you must compute using —not the
solar day but— the sidereal day. That is
the length of a day with respect to the
stars, which is about 23 hours, 56 minutes
and 4 seconds (86 164 s). So solving the
formula with the HP Prime, geostationary
satellites orbit the Earth at a height of
some 35,764 km and at a speed of about
3.1 km/s.
The GPS constellation was conceived in
such a manner that each satellite sets and
rises twice a day, reaching the same
position in the sky at the same time as the
day before. So GPS satellites circulate around the Earth in half a sidereal day (43 082 s). Using
the Solve app in the HP Prime, the corresponding height of the GPS satellites is 20 172 km,
their speed being 3.9 km/s.

Preparation and Copyright: MORAVIA Education, a division of MORAVIA Consulting Ltd.


www.moravia-consulting.com
www.hp-prime.com

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