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AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System) :: Arrest Records

AFIS is an automated fingerprint identification system that stores fingerprint databases and searches for matches. It has two main functions - to identify criminals during arrests by searching their fingerprints against existing records, and to search unidentified latent fingerprints from crime scenes against the fingerprint database to attempt identification. The latent fingerprints must first be digitized and coded by examiners to extract minutiae features before the computer can search for potential matches from the database.

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Pappu HSD Venkatesh
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57 views

AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System) :: Arrest Records

AFIS is an automated fingerprint identification system that stores fingerprint databases and searches for matches. It has two main functions - to identify criminals during arrests by searching their fingerprints against existing records, and to search unidentified latent fingerprints from crime scenes against the fingerprint database to attempt identification. The latent fingerprints must first be digitized and coded by examiners to extract minutiae features before the computer can search for potential matches from the database.

Uploaded by

Pappu HSD Venkatesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AFIS(Automated Fingerprint Identification System) :

 Fingerprints were the first biometric to be digitized for analysis by a


computer.
 The computer system that stores the fingerprint databases and searches for
matches both to known and to unknown fingerprints is known as the
“Automated Fingerprint Identification System”.
 AFIS is used not only to identify criminals but also to perform criminal
background checks on job applicants, teachers, taxi drivers, etc.
 Two Main Functions of AFIS :
One of the main functions of AFIS is to store, classify, and search for
arrest records.
 When an individual is arrested, the arrestee’s prints are taken
either in ink on a ten-print card or with a live scan machine.
 The palm impressions may also be recorded at this time.
 Demographic and other identifying information are recorded.
 Descriptions of other individualizing marks such as scars,
marks, and tattoos may also be recorded and/or
photographed.
 The fingerprints will then be classified by the computer and
searched in the database.
 If the computer locates a candidate file with matching
fingerprints, a ten-print examiner will confirm the match.
 A tenprint examiner is an individual whose job is to search and
confirm arrest records using the AFIS computer.
The second major function of AFIS is to enter, code, and search
evidentiary latent prints against the ten-print database (as well as
the unsolved latent [UL] database).
 The most important aspects of this function is the “coding” of
the fingerprint by the computer or ten print examiners.
 The fingerprint is coded when the computer picks out the
minutiae in the fingerprint. This is known as “feature
extraction”.
 If a good enough quality evidentiary print is recovered from a
crime scene, but there is no suspect to compare it to, it can be
searched in the AFIS database.
 It is up to the latent print examiner to determine whether it is
appropriate to search a given print in AFIS.
 In order to search an evidentiary print against the AFIS ten
print database, the database of all record prints in each
jurisdiction, the latent print must first be digitized and entered
the computer.
 The scanned or photographed latent print will then appear on
the computer screen.
 The latent print examiner will enter the case number, agency,
and any other data pertaining to the case at hand.
 The latent print examiner can also instruct the computer
which finger or hand to search, if known, and what fingerprint
pattern type to search for, if the pattern type can be discerned.
 Once the case data is entered, the latent print examiner
rotates the print, so it is in the proper upright orientation.
 When the latent print examiner is satisfied with the latent
print coding step, the search is launched. The computer then
returns a list of candidates.

The End

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