- Global Small Spaces
- Season 1
- Episode 4
How an Architect Optimized a 400-Square-Foot Manhattan Apartment
Released on 03/05/2025
[calm electronic music]
In New York, overcrowding has always been an issue
in whatever form it takes.
The apartments have been small.
This building is a pre-war building from the 1930s.
Pre-war, people were buying smaller spaces,
but at the same time, being pre-war, spaces was cut up
in a way which wasn't optimized.
So I think we successfully hit
that balance where it's comfortable.
There are moments where slightly confined spaces can be fun.
Good design really is aware that there are expansion
and contraction of spaces.
A sense of compression, I mean,
Frank Lloyd Wright talked a lot about that as in
if it's done right, it's a wonderful experience
as humans occupying and moving through space
and experiencing it.
You only have so much to kind of work with spatially
and then there's a challenge to like unlock
that real potential that I think is a great opportunity
for an architect to revel in in New York. [giggles]
I'm Robert Garneau.
I'm the architect for this renovation.
I am Tracy Underwood.
I'm the shareholder in this building.
Welcome to my 400 square foot apartment in New York.
[mystical bell music]
I came to New York in September of 2021 on a specific trip
to look for an apartment.
This one came on the market right as I was here,
and when I came into the space I kind of had
that feeling like I had to live here.
So thus began the journey of learning like what it's like
to be a shareholder in a pre-war building, which is a co-op,
which is very complex and wonderful,
because you have a lot of interface
with the building management,
and the first person mentioned was Robert.
He lived in this building and had this incredible apartment
that he renovated, and I was sort of immediately struck with
how beautiful and clean his designs are.
Both the apartments that I lived in and renovated previous
to this one are small apartments.
We introduce oftentimes components that are moving.
So the transformer has a sliding wall that divides
and opens up the space.
The pivot apartment has a central wall
that pivots and creates a bedroom.
I think the way that really translates
to this particular apartment that we use a lot is cabinetry,
concealing and revealing your belongings
and structuring space, decluttering, hiding,
and minimal living some ways,
but also with a richness of materiality.
Both Robert and I kind of saw that it was just sort
of a raw space that hadn't really been touched
or renovated in any way for quite some time.
You walked in the bedroom space, which was not enclosed
and had sort of a glass brick wall that was a partition.
That was really the only kind of barrier.
We worked together and really analyzing the space carefully
and then figuring out how to grab space
that wasn't being used very well.
But the beauty of space in this proportions
of this apartment is it's small, but it's intimate.
It's a relationship to us as human beings,
which feels comfortable, because it's also true
that there's a discomfort at some point
when the space is so large that it's just alienating,
and you don't relate to it and acoustically
and thermally just feels off.
The way it's laid out I think makes it feel more spacious.
I love it and I feel really comfortable here.
[bright contemporary music]
This is the bathroom.
We were able to capture more space for this room,
which I was really excited about.
We rearranged everything.
The way this was laid out before was it had sort
of a narrow hallway and then closets on other side.
Robert pitched this design, which I loved, which was kind
of tucking the shower on this side
and then creating a nook for the toilet on this side.
I wanted a feeling like you would be outside.
So I wanted it to feel almost tropical in here,
which I think ended up being represented
with things like the terracotta in particular,
which is something that vibes much more
outside than I think inside.
We landed on the floor tile relatively quickly.
There was a very clear intent that there's an earthen feel
that feels great on your feet, a very natural feel.
We also completely expose the slab to get the maximum height
because there are ducts and piping
and other things happening above this.
Lighting is extremely important in any space,
but certainly in small spaces.
They really help to draw the eye where you kind of want.
It can trick you and psychologically kind of comfort you
to think that the spaces are bigger.
We really do respond emotionally to lighting,
the color of light, but also the brightness
of it in a location.
So in this particular room, we hid some lights
underneath the sink, which is not a common place.
I think it really helps to create the levitation feeling
of the stone block, if you will,
and more importantly, on the end of this space, right,
it's this T-shaped floor plan, we have these light slits
that illuminates the end walls and creates this texture.
So this texture that's glistening
but is also very real three dimensional quality
that the light helps to bring out, the shadow play,
that kind of texture of the tile itself comes to life,
and then the other element of light
that we do have in the rest of the apartment is
in the niches.
So we have this little niche in the shower.
There's another one that's behind the door,
which helps to eliminate those portholes.
Those also help to create that illusion
of an extension of space.
There's some cool hidden elements in here as well.
Just like if you push this cabinet, it pops out,
which is kind of fun.
That kind of sense of discovery in play,
especially in small spaces.
I think it's an important detail.
[calm electronic music]
So we're going into kitchen now,
which is an extension of the living and dining space,
also has some cool transitional elements.
We captured a little more space in this room
from the hallway, but not a lot.
We gave as much as we could to the bathroom.
It's kind of playing off these notions
of the silver and the gold and the mixed metal
and the metal of the windows.
That's a full gas top oven and dishwasher,
which I kind of can't believe I have all those things.
There's nothing here.
This is the back of the shower,
and this is this amazing pantry,
and then it has, yeah, more,
Lots of storage. lots of storage.
So much storage I don't have anything in it,
which is classic, and then a paneled refrigerator,
and then it also has this kind of cool transition area that,
when tucked away as a wall, and then when you open it,
it reveals a hidden space.
[Robert] You reveal it when you need it
or when you're using it,
and you want to draw attention to it,
and functionally when you need additional space.
In a space that's very small,
I think it's important to have clean design
that's not fighting with some
of the other architectural details of the space.
It sort of draws your attention
to like the beams in the ceiling and the windows
and the incredible metalwork everywhere,
but you need to have storage
and these maximize all the space.
I mean, even details like these shelves.
I mean, they're chunky, you know,
but they're really picking up the line of this hood,
which is an off the shelf component,
and they're finished in the same kind of paint to try and,
again, make things integrated and more seamless effectively.
I love that this kitchen had a window, too, to be able
to have the light source coming in, to be able to open it
and have extra ventilation,
and it just has this beautiful view of my neighbor's garden
and trees and water towers.
So it feels very kind of quintessential New York.
Yeah.
[bright electronic music]
We are in the living room now.
The one thing we kind of knew
as we were figuring out the cabinetry was
that the television was gonna go on this side.
So that gave a little bit of a guideline
for this side of the built-in.
The interesting thing about this part
of the cabinet is it's this one of the simplest,
if not the simplest cabinet in the apartment, right?
Because this whole section is just the fixed panel
in the back of the closet.
The TV takes up the other half and minor storage below,
nice open shelving above, mechanical zone above
of the storage to the sides.
To talk a little bit about this monolith
that we affectionately call in terms of the illusion
to monolithic, to engage with it and it's crafted.
It anchors the room on the one hand,
you gravitate around it, but it anchors the space.
There's a lot of sort of signature metal in the space.
The radiator has these incredible old hooks
and then this great old dial,
which is sort of wood and brass.
When I got the apartment, they were rusted over
and then we stripped and took both of the radiators down
to the original steel.
In terms of restoration, that is a good example of
how we were trying to capture the historic nature
of the apartment and celebrate it,
rather than covering it up.
So I wanted to have a bar that could be exposed
and also tucked away.
So that was the inspiration for this design.
So during the day when I'm here typically working,
this space is closed and just looks like a cabinet,
and when it gets to happy hour,
it's fun to open these cabinets and turn on the light,
and it's a very inviting way to have a drink
and know that you're gonna have people over.
The light and the fact that the panel wraps
around the corner into the kitchen really helps to bring
that line back into the other space.
Doing kind of an antique or distressed mirror
to give it a little bit of an aged feeling,
and then the floating shelves with brass detail
are another nod to the brass.
We spent a fair amount of time in the slab yards
when we were looking for the marble
and found this beautiful piece.
So we were able to make a counter here
that we put the LED light in the back.
So it gives it another dimension.
You can just see that it lives
like it's been there the whole time,
but when it's tucked away,
it doesn't look like anything at all.
So we are in my bedroom, which is a very small, cozy space,
but it's great.
It feels a little bit like a perch,
'cause you have this great view out the window.
Where Tracy is now opening the door is a key element
for the project, really, 'cause that becomes the door
to the bedroom.
It unveils the second door, hides a closet,
but also helps to create a diffuse layering of light
because you've got the fluted glass
from floor to ceiling there.
The two custom doors in the apartment were inspired
by a door that I saw in Prague, actually.
We kind of started with that image
and together built around that.
The fluted glass was a thing for privacy,
and then it was Robert's idea to do the brass trim
in such a way that light casts on and off of it.
So it even looks like there's lights inside
of the porthole windows, which there isn't.
It's really the light coming back and forth.
Just knowing that the light was so beautiful in the space,
coming through the windows, capturing it as best we can.
Like we put a mirror in a very specific place across
from a window that's capturing another source of light
and almost creating another window.
And I love the fact that we've created, essentially,
a little reentry from the bedroom,
which gives you the illusion the bedroom is actually
as wide as it is to the door but also creates a buffer,
because ultimately, the space is quite small.
This monolith, it's got a lot of storage into it.
It's two feet deep and allows for a full depth closet,
shelving on this side, and then drawers around this niche.
When you're lying in the bedroom, the room, at first,
maybe feels this deep, but when you are looking
into this additional foot and a half,
really gives you an illusion
that the room is actually much bigger.
It's partially the materiality,
creating a lush focal point of material.
The light plays into it as well, which makes it glow.
[Tracy] It's a design idea,
but it's also a very smart idea,
because where would you put furniture in here?
What's really fun about built-ins like this as opposed
to a piece of furniture item that you put is that,
on the one hand, it can behave
like an architectural element, like a wall,
but adds functionality.
[bright electronic music]
In a way, that space has those moments and those layers.
When the bathroom's not in use, it sort of just disappears.
The bedroom when it's no longer in bedroom mode,
it just kind of opens up.
So when you come home, you see the window at the end,
and it's just a wonderful block
of cabinet that you're seeing there, you know?
Or if you're not really entertaining or cooking a lot,
the kitchen is more paired down, right?
Coming back to this idea, like things get just toned
down a little bit and then they get activated
when you really need them.
New York is very specifically a place where you tend
to not need as much space where you live,
because your life outside of where you live is so expansive.
There's so much going on.
I have found in my experience here that once I get home,
having something that's just like very small actually feels,
kind of, wonderful and comfortable,
because the day-to-day life experience in New York
is so intense and so big and loud,
and I say all those things with love,
but everything I looked at the smaller and more sort
of contained and cozy it was, the more comfortable I was.
Starring: Robert Garneau
How an Interior Designer Maximizes Her 650 Square Foot Studio Apartment
How an Architect Fit 7 Floors into His 645-Square-Foot Tokyo Home
How an Architect Fit 4 Rooms Into a 74-Square-Foot Studio
How an Architect Optimized a 400-Square-Foot Manhattan Apartment
Pro Designer Fixes a Dark, NYC Studio Apartment With No Storage
AD100: The New Taste
Pro Designer Creates a Modern Living Room Perfect For Hosting
Interior Designers Transform an Empty Garage into a Luxury Guest House
Inside Emma Roberts’s Charming Los Angeles Home
Inside an Enchanting L.A. Home That Looks Straight Out of a Storybook