Industry Statistics
Ethanol industry statistics:
 
   

Historic U.S. fuel Ethanol Production

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Year Millions of Gallons
1980 175
1981 215
1982 350
1983 375
1984 430
1985 610
1986 710
1987 830
1988 845
1989 870
1990 900
1991 950
1992 1,100
1993 1,200
1994 1,350
1995 1,400
1996 1,100
1997 1,300
1998 1,400
1999 1,470
2000 1,630
2001 1,770
2002 2,130
2003 2,800
2004 3,400
2005 3,904
2006 4,855

 
   
   
Ethanol Industry Overview
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Year January 1999 January 2000 January 2001 January 2002 January 2003 January 2004 January 2005 January 2006 January 2007 Present
Total Ethanol Plants 50 54 56 61 68 72 81 95 110 134
Ethanol Production Capacity

1701.7

mgy

1748.7

mgy

 1921.9 mgy 2347.3 mgy 2706.8 mgy 3100.8 mgy 3643.7 mgy 4336.4 mgy

5493.4

mgy

7,229.4

mgy
                     

Plants Under Construction/

Expanding

 5 6 5 13 11 15 16 31 76 77
Capacity Under Construction/Expanding 77 mgy 91.5 mgy 64.7 mgy 390.7 mgy 483 mgy 598 mgy 754 mgy 1778 mgy 5635.5 mgy

6,216.9

mgy
                     
Farmer Owned Plants 14 18 21 25 28 33 40 46 46 49
Farmer Owned Capacity

293.3

mgy

 340.3 mgy 473 mgy 645.6 mgy 796.6 mgy 1041.1 mgy 1388.6 mgy 1677.1 mgy

1677.1

mgy

1948.6

mgy
% of Total Cap Farmer 17% 19% 25% 28% 29% 34% 38% 39% 39% 28%
                     

Farmer Owned

UC Plants/Expanding

 5 3 3 10 8 12 10 4 4 13

Farmer Owned

UC Capacity

 77 mgy 60 mgy 60 mgy 335 mgy 318 mgy 447 450 mgy 187 mgy 187 mgy 771 mgy
% of Total UC Capacity 100% 66% 71% 86% 66% 75% 60% 11% 11% 12%
                     
States with Ethanol Plants 17 17 18 19 20 19 18 20 21 26


 
   
   
2007 Monthly U.S. Fuel Ethanol Production/Demand
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Month Production, b/d (1000s) Production (1000 barrels) Stocks (1000 barrels) Stocks: days in reserve Production (1000 gal) Imports (1000 gal)* Exports (1000 gal)^ Stocks change (1000 gal) Demand (1000 gal) Demand, b/d (1000s)
Jan 375 11621 8593 20.8 488082 44433 0 -6468 538983 414
Feb 386 10795 8749 21.0 453390 42824 0 6552 489662 416
Mar 384 11892 8529 20.6 499464 30398 0 -9240 539102 414
Apr 391 11716 8791 21.5 492072 35304 0 11004 516372 410
May 406 12573 8950 21.0 528066 34532 0 6678 555920 427
Jun 418 12553 9067 20.5 527226 36005 0 4914 558317 443
Jul 421 13051 9696 21.7 548142 59028 0 26418 580752 446
Aug 434 13458 10309 22.2 565236 66416 0 25746 605906 465
Sep 441 13222 11509 27.3 555324 26593 0 50400 531517 422
Oct 452 14018 11423 23.6 588756 37343 0 -3612 629711 484
Nov 479 14356 11194 22.5 602592 13374 0 -9618 625944 497
Dec 489 15161 10509 20.3 636762 8929 0 -28770 674461 518
             
Totals   154416 6485472 435179 6846647  
Ave. 423 12868 540456 36265 570554 446
             

 

2006 Monthly U.S. Fuel Ethanol Production/Demand

Month Production, b/d (1000s) Production (1000 barrels) Stocks (1000 barrels) Stocks: days in reserve Production (1000 gal) Imports (1000 gal)* Exports (1000 gal)^ Stocks change (1000 gal) Demand (1000 gal) Demand, b/d (1000s)
Jan 288 8942 6173 21.4 375564 2687 0 25620 352631 271
Feb 302 8452 7376 24.4 354984 25578 0 50526 330036 281
Mar 301 9338 8708 28.9 392196 28586 0 55944 364838 280
Apr 289 8656 9087 31.4 363552 32620 0 15918 380254 302
May 293 9093 7848 26.8 381906 20291 0 -52038 454235 349
Jun 318 9532 6731 21.2 400344 50812 0 -46914 498070 395
Jul 316 9804 7727 24.5 411768 98180 0 41832 468116 360
Aug 329 10185 9160 27.8 427770 133188 0 60186 500772 385
Sep 333 9992 9727 29.2 419664 82466 0 23815 478315 380
Oct 333 10308 9814 29.5 432936 79202 0 3654 580484 391
Nov 343 10279 9212 26.9 431718 64517 0 -25284 521519 414
Dec 356 11023 8747 24.6 462966 37561 0 -19530 520147 399
             
Totals 3801 115604 4855368 653304 5377417 4205
Ave. 317 9634 404614 54648 448118 350


b/d = barrels/day

*Source:  U.S. International Trade Association

^Jim Jordan and Associates

 
   
   
U.S. Fuel Ethanol Industry Plants and Production Capacity
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Click here to view.

  
   
   
U.S. Fuel Ethanol Demand
(Millions of Gallons)
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  2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
U.S. Production 2,130 2,800 3,400 3,904 4,855
Imports 46 61 161 135.0 653.3
Exports n/a n/a n/a 7.99 n/a
Stocks Change -91 39 -31 -17.98 108.1
Demand 2,085 2,900 3,530 4,048.9 5,377.4

 
   
Annual World Ethanol Production by Country
(Millions of Gallons, All ethanol Grades)
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Country
2004 2005 2006
Brazil 3,989 4,227 4,491
U.S. 3,535 4.264 4,855
China 964 1,004 1,017
India 462 449 502
France 219 240 251
Russia 198 198 171
South Africa 110 103 102
U.K. 106 92 74
Saudi Arabia 79 32 52
Spain 79 93 122
Thailand 74 79 93
Germany 71 114 202
Ukraine 66 65 71
Canada 61 61 153
Poland 53 58 66
Indonesia 44 45 45
Argentina 42 44 45
Italy 40 40 43
Australia 33 33 39
Japan 31 30 30
Pakistan 26 24 24
Sweden 26 29 30
Philippines 22 22 22
South Korea 22 17 16
Guatemala 17 17 21
Cuba 16 12 12
Ecuador 12 14 12
Mexico 9 12 13
Nicaragua 8 7 8
Mauritius 6 3 2
Zimbabwe 6 5 7
Kenya 3 4 5
Swaziland 3 3 5
Others 338 710 270
Total 10,770 12,150  13,489


Source: F.O. Licht

  
   
   
U.S. Fuel Ethanol Imports by Country
(millions of gallons)
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Country
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Brazil 0 0 90.3 31.2 433.7
Costa Rica 12 14.7 25.4 33.4 35.9
El Salvador 4.5 6.9 5.7 23.7 38.5
Jamaica 29 39.3 36.6 36.3 66.8
Trinadad & Tobago 0 0 0 10.0 24.8
Total 45.5 60.9 159.9 135.0 653.3

 
   
   
Ethanol Prices
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We are often asked for information on current or historical ethanol prices at the wholesale level. As the national trade association for the U.S. fuel ethanol industry, the Renewable Fuels Association is not allowed to track or report pricing information for anti-competitive reasons. The following background information may be of interest:

Most ethanol is sold under long-term contract. These contracts are private agreements between ethanol producers/marketers and petroleum companies. According to industry observers, roughly 90 to 95% of ethanol is sold under these long-term contracts (6 to 12 months). Many of these contracts are "fixed price." In other words, the price a petroleum company pays for the ethanol doesn't change, regardless of changes in the spot (wholesale) market price. Some of these contracts may be "pegged" to a gasoline benchmark. In this case, when wholesale gasoline prices move up or down, the price a petroleum company pays for ethanol moves accordingly.

The remaining small amount of ethanol is sold on the "spot" market. Prices fluctuate daily according to market conditions. Numerous companies track these daily spot prices for clients. Such firms include:
Ethanol Lowers Gasoline Prices

Compared to other octane components in the fuels market, ethanol is a great bargain. By adding domestic supply to the gasoline market, ethanol also helps reduce prices at the pump. Click here to learn more about how ethanol saves consumers money.

Additional information:
  • Ethanol and Gas Prices
    LECG, LLC
    May 2004
    View PDF
  • Over a Barrel: Why Aren't Oil Companies Using Ethanol to Lower Gasoline Prices
    Consumer Federation of America
    May 2005
    View PDF
  • 2004 Gasoline Price Increases:  An Analysis
    Innovation & Information Consultants, Inc.
    March, 2004
    View PDF
 
 

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