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Serpentes

E Vicipaedia
(Redirectum de Serpens)
Vide etiam paginam discretivam: serpens (discretiva).

Classis : Reptilia 
Ordo : Squamata 
Ophidia 
Subordo : Serpentes 
Linnaeus, 1758
   
Palaeontologia
128.5–0 m.a.Cretaceo > Recens
Territorium

Serpentes[1] sunt reptilia ordinis Squamatorum, plerumque sine cingulo scapulari pelvicoque et artubus. Ita vocantur scilicet eo quod serpunt, ut qui, cum apoda sint, aliter moveri nequeunt. Omnibus serpentibus caput depressum varia figura (circulari, rectangula, triangula) corpus longum, et cauda plerumque brevissima est. Nonnulli in ore glandulas venenosas habent, connexas canali venenifero, qui venenum ducat usque ad dentes veneniferos, quibus venenum vasibus sangvineis injiciatur. Maxima serpentium pars ovipara est (ova pariunt), sed nonnulli (exempli gratia viperidae vel pythonidae) ovovivipari sunt: partus in ipso matris corpore ex ovis excluditur vivusque in lucem editur. Provincia herpetologica quae serpentibus studet ophiologia appellatur.

Secundum ITIS ordo Serpentium in duos infraordines et undetriginta familias dividitur:[2]

Infraordo Alethinophidia Infraordo Scolecophidia

Serpentes putantur Aevo Cretaceo vel fortasse Iurassico, e lacertilibus se evolvisse. Vetustissimum fossile veri serpentis inventum est Haasiophis, qui abhinc annorum centum fere milliones vivebat.

Epitome phylogeneticum gregum Serpentium quae exstant
Serpentes
Scolecophidia

Leptotyphlopidae


 

Anomalepididae



Typhlopidae




Alethinophidia
Amerophidia

Anilius



Tropidophiidae



Afrophidia
Uropeltoidea

Uropeltidae


 

Anomochilus



Cylindrophis




Macrostomata
Pythonoidea

Pythonidae



Xenopeltis



Loxocemus



Caenophidia

Acrochordidae



Xenodermidae



Pareidae



Viperidae



Homalopsidae



Lamprophiidae



Elapidae



Colubridae



Booidea

Boidae



Erycinae



Calabaria



Ungaliophiinae



Sanzinia



Candoia







Hic tantum cognationes inter Serpentes, sed non tempora evolutionis, indicantur.[3]

Serpentes et homines

[recensere | fontem recensere]

Serpentes hominibus periculosi esse possunt ob morsum venenatum, venenum oculis insputum, denique constrictionem. Plerique serpentes non sunt venenati, et tantummodo circiter quindecim centesimae partes ex tribus milibus serpentium specierum hominibus periculosi esse habentur. Maximae familiae serpentium venenatorum sunt Viperidae et Elapidae.[4]

Quotannis inter 4.5 et 5.4 milliones hominum serpentibus mordentur. Ex hoc numero, inter 1.8 et 2.7 milliones in morbum gravem incidunt, et inter 81 000 et 138 000 moriuntur. Plerique autem mortem antidoto avertere possunt.[5]

Conferatur pagina principalis Incantatio serpentium.

Incantantio serpentium est genus spectaculi publici in quo incantator, instrumento musico canens, quasi per hypnosim, serpentem moderari videtur. Hodie praecipue in India aliisque terris Asiae Meridianae reperitur.

Sententiae de serpentibus

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  1. Serpens, -entis, f., rarius m., gen. plur. serpentium, rarius serpentum. C. T. Lewis et C. Short (1879). A Latin Dictionary. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press
  2. "Serpentes" apud Integrated Taxonomic Information System (2019).
  3. Lee, Michael S. Y.; Andrew F. Hugall, Robin Lawson & John D. Scanlon (2007). "Phylogeny of snakes (Serpentes): combining morphological and molecular data in likelihood, Bayesian and parsimony analyses". Systematics and Biodiversity 5 (4): 371–389 .
  4. Brian J. Daley, "Snakebite" apud Medscape (2018).
  5. "Snakebite" apud Ordinem mundi sanitarium (2019).
  6. Nova Vulgata Mat. 10.16.
  7. Nova Vulgata Gen. 3.1.
  8. Publius Vergilius Maro, Eclogae 3.1.

Bibliographia

[recensere | fontem recensere]
  • Behler, John L., et F. Wayne King. 1979. The Audubon Society Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of North America. Novi Eboraci: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-394-50824-5. Pagina 581.
  • Bullfinch, T. 2000. Bullfinch's Complete Mythology. Londinii: Chancellor Press. ISBN 978-0-7537-0381-6.
  • Capula, M. Behler. 1989. Simon & Schuster's Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of the World. Novi Eboraci: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-69098-4. Archivum.
  • Coborn, J. 1991. The Atlas of Snakes of the World. Nova Caesarea: TFH Publications. ISBN 978-0-86622-749-0.
  • Cogger, H., et R. Zweifel. 1992. Reptiles & Amphibians. Sydneii: Weldon Owen. ISBN 978-0-8317-2786-4. Archivum.
  • Conant, R., et J. Collins. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America. Bostoniae: Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 978-0-395-58389-0. Archivum.
  • Deane, John. 1833. The Worship of the Serpent. Whitefish Montanae: Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 978-1-56459-898-1. Editio interretialis.
  • Ditmars, Raymond L. 1906. Poisonous Snakes of the United States: How to Distinguish Them. Novi Eboraci: E. R. Sanborn.
  • Ditmars, Raymond L. 1931. Snakes of the World. Novi Eboraci: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-02-531730-7. Archivum.
  • Ditmars, Raymond L 1933. Reptiles of the World: The Crocodilians, Lizards, Snakes, Turtles and Tortoises of the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. Novi Eboraci: Macmillan.
  • Ditmars, Raymond L., et W. Bridges. 1935. Snake-Hunters' Holiday. Novi Eboraci: D. Appleton and Company.
  • Ditmars, Raymond L. 1939. A Field Book of North American Snakes. Garden City Novi Eboraci: Doubleday, Doran & Co.
  • Freiberg, Marcos, et Jerry Walls. 1984. The World of Venomous Animals. Nova Caesarea: TFH Publications. ISBN 978-0-87666-567-1. Archivum.
  • Gibbons, J. Whitfield, et Whit Gibbons, 1983. Their Blood Runs Cold: Adventures With Reptiles and Amphibians. Alabama: University of Alabama Press. ISBN 978-0-8173-0135-4. Archivum.
  • Mattison, Chris . 2007. The New Encyclopedia of Snakes. Princetoniae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13295-2.
  • McDiarmid, R. W., J. A. Campbell, et T. Touré. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. ISBN 978-1-893777-00-2.
  • Mehrtens, John. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. Novi Eboraci: Sterling. ISBN 978-0-8069-6461-4. [https://archive.org/details/livingsnakesofwo00mehr Archivum.
  • Nóbrega Alves, Rômulo Romeu, Washington Silva Vieira, et Gindomar Gomes Santana. 2008. "Reptiles used in traditional folk medicine: conservation implications." Biodiversity and Conservation 17 (8): 2037–49. doi:10.1007/s10531-007-9305-0.
  • Romulus, Whitaker. 1996. நம்மை சுட்ரியுள்ள பாம்புகள் (Tamilice, 'Serpentes circa nos'). National Book Trust. ISBN 978-81-237-1905-4.
  • Rosenfeld, Arthur. 1989. Exotic Pets. Novi Eboraci: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-47654-0. Archivum.
  • Spawls, Steven, et Bill Branch. 1995. The Dangerous Snakes of Africa. Sanibel Island Floridae: Ralph Curtis Publishing. ISBN 978-0-88359-029-4.

Nexus interni

Nexus externi

[recensere | fontem recensere]
Situs scientifici:
Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Serpentes spectant.
Vide "Serpentes" apud Vicispecies.


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