2025 ballot measures
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As of April 8, 2025, six statewide ballot measures were certified for the ballot in three states in 2025.
From 2011 to 2023, the average number of statewide ballot measures in an odd-numbered year was between 33 and 34.
Timeline
- See also: Ballotpedia's Tuesday Count for 2025
The timeline below provides updates on state ballot measure elections, certifications, and signature submission deadlines for 2025.
- April 1, 2025
Voters in Wisconsin approved a constitutional amendment, Question 1, to add a photo identification requirement to the state constitution.
- March 29, 2025
Voters in Louisiana rejected four constitutional amendments, with each receiving between 34% and 36% of the vote.
- January 23, 2025
The signature deadline for indirect initiated state statutes in Maine was January 23. Signatures were filed for two ballot initiatives: Require Voter Photo Identification Initiative and Firearm Extreme Risk Protection Orders Initiative.[7][8] Both were certified to the Maine State Legislature.
- January 14, 2025
The Wisconsin State Legislature referred a constitutional amendment to the ballot for April 1, 2025. The ballot measure amended the Wisconsin Constitution to require valid photo identification to vote. In the Senate and Assembly, Republicans voted for the amendment, and Democrats voted against the amendment.[6]
- December 18, 2024
The Ohio State Legislature referred a constitutional amendment to the ballot for May 6, 2025. The ballot measure would authorize $2.5 billion in general obligation bonds for public infrastructure improvement projects.[5]
Trends in 2025
Types of ballot measures
From 2011 to 2023, an average of 33 statewide ballot measures — 5 initiated measures and 28 referred measures — appeared on ballots in odd-numbered years. An initiated measure is a proposed law that people collect signatures for to put on the ballot. A referred measure is a proposed law that a legislature or commission, or constitutional provision in the case of automatic referrals, puts on the ballot for voters to decide.
| Type | 2025 | 2023 | 2021 | 2019 | 2017 | 2015 | 2013 | 2011 | Average (2011-2023) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initiated ballot measures | 0 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 12 | |
| Initiated constitutional amendments[9] | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
| Initiated state statutes | 0 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 6 | |
| Veto referendums | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| Referred ballot measures | 6 | 34 | 35 | 34 | 23 | 23 | 28 | 22 | |
| Legislative constitutional amendment | 6 | 31 | 23 | 19 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 21 | |
| Legislative state statute | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Commission-referred measure | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Automatically referred measure | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Bond issues | 0 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 0 | |
| Advisory question | 0 | 1 | 3 | 12 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 0 | |
| Total: | 6 | 41 | 39 | 36 | 27 | 28 | 31 | 34 |
The following chart illustrates the numbers of initiated measures and referred measures for each odd-numbered year from 2001 to 2023. The year with the most initiated measures, at 19, was 2005. The year with the most referred measures, at 59, was 2003.
By date
The following is a list of state ballot measures that will be decided at elections other than the election on November 4, 2025.
March 29
Louisiana Amendment 1, Allow Legislature to Create Trial Courts of Specialized Jurisdiction and Provide Supreme Court Original Jurisdiction to Discipline Out-of-State Lawyers Amendment (March 2025)- Louisiana Amendment 2, State Tax and Fiscal Policy Changes Amendment (March 2025)
- Louisiana Amendment 3, Legislative Authority to Determine Crimes for Trying Juveniles as Adults Amendment (March 2025)
- Louisiana Amendment 4, Use Earliest Election Dates for Filling Judicial Vacancies Amendment (March 2025)
April 1
May 6
By state
Louisiana
- See also: Louisiana 2025 ballot measures
March 29, 2025
| Type | Title | Subject | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | Judiciary; Judiciary; Legislature | Allow the legislature to establish trial courts with limited or specialized jurisdiction, such as business courts, through a two-thirds vote |
|
221,355 (35%) |
412,107 (65%) |
|
| Amendment 2 | Local government; Income taxes; Property taxes; Sales taxes; Teachers; Veterans; Tobacco tax; Legislature | Revise state constitutional provisions governing tax policy and various state funds |
|
224,109 (35%) |
410,106 (65%) |
|
| Amendment 3 | Criminal sentencing; Legislature; Juvenile justice | Provide the state legislature with the authority to determine in state law which crimes can result in a juvenile being tried as an adult; removes list of crimes currently in the state constitution for which juveniles can be tried as adults |
|
212,343 (34%) |
419,391 (66%) |
|
| Amendment 4 | Judiciary | Provide that judicial vacancies should be filled by calling a special election at the earliest available date pursuant to state law, rather than current law, which provides for calling a special election within twelve months after the day the vacancy occurs |
|
229,620 (36%) |
401,523 (64%) |
Ohio
- See also: Ohio 2025 ballot measures
May 6, 2025:
| Type | Title | Subject | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Issue 2 | Water; Local government; Transportation; Bonds | Allow the state to issue up to $2.5 billion in general obligation bonds to assist local governments in funding public infrastructure improvement projects |
Wisconsin
- See also: Wisconsin 2025 ballot measures
| Type | Title | Subject | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Question 1 | Voter ID | Adds the state's voter photo ID requirement to the constitution |
|
1,435,948 (63%) |
852,186 (37%) |
Learn more about the history of initiatives and referendums
See also
- Ballot measure
- Laws governing ballot measures
- States with initiative or referendum
- Potential 2025 ballot measures
Footnotes
- ↑ Louisiana State Legislature, "House Bill 7," accessed November 22, 2024
- ↑ Louisiana State Legislature, "Senate Bill 1," accessed November 22, 2024
- ↑ Louisiana State Legislature, "Senate Bill 2," accessed November 22, 2024
- ↑ Louisiana State Legislature, "Senate Bill 5," accessed November 22, 2024
- ↑ Ohio General Assembly, "House Joint Resolution 8: Status," accessed December 18, 2024
- ↑ Wisconsin State Legislature, "Senate Joint Resolution 2," accessed January 14, 2025
- ↑ The Maine Wire, "Maine Secretary of State Receives 170k+ Petition Signatures for Voter ID Citizens Initiative," January 6, 2025
- ↑ Bangor Daily News, "Organizers say they collected more than 80K signatures to get red flag law referendum on Maine’s ballot," January 24, 2025
- ↑ This includes combined initiated constitutional amendment and state statute measures.
