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United States v. Susan B. Anthony was the criminal trial of Susan B. Anthony in a U.S. federal court in 1873. The defendant was a leader of the women's suffrage movement who was arrested for voting in Rochester, New York in the 1872 elections in violation of state laws that allowed only men to vote. Anthony argued that she had the right to vote because of the recently adopted Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, part of which reads, "No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States."

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  • Der Prozess gegen Susan B. Anthony, United States v. Susan B. Anthony, war 1873 ein Kriminalprozess gegen Susan B. Anthony in einem US-amerikanischen Bundesgericht. Die Angeklagte war eine Führerin der Frauenwahlrechtsbewegung, die festgenommen worden war, weil sie 1872 in Rochester (New York) an einer Wahl teilgenommen hatte, obwohl nach den bundesstaatlichen Gesetzen nur den Männern die Wahl erlaubt war. Anthony berief sich dabei auf das kurz zuvor verabschiedete 14. Amendment. Der Richter Ward Hunt war ein kurz zuvor ernannter „U.S. Supreme Court Justice“, der verantwortlich für den „Federal Circuit Court“ war, in dem der Prozess stattfand. Er erlaubte den Juroren nicht, den Fall zu besprechen, sondern gebot ihnen, Anthony schuldig zu sprechen. Anthony, die zuvor nicht aussagen durfte, hielt am Ende eine sehr berühmt gewordene Rede. Als sie der Richter zu einer Geldstrafe von 100 Dollar verurteilte, sagte sie, dass sie diese niemals bezahlen werde. Hunt kündigte dann an, dass sie nicht wegen der Zahlungsverweigerung eingesperrt werden würde. Diese Maßnahme verhinderte, dass Anthony den Fall bis zum „Supreme Court“ (Obersten Gerichtshof) bringen konnte. Der Prozess wurde von der nationalen Presse genau verfolgt und diese Berichterstattung half mit, aus dem Frauenwahlrecht ein nationales Anliegen zu machen. Er war ein Hauptschritt bei der Verwandlung der Frauenwahlrechtsbewegung, die eine Vielzahl von Anliegen umfasste, in eine Bewegung, die sich hauptsächlich auf das Wahlrecht konzentrierte. Richter Hunts gelenktes Urteil verursachte in der Gemeinschaft der Juristen eine jahrelange Kontroverse. 1895 erkannte der Oberste Gerichtshof als Recht an, dass ein Bundesrichter einer Jury im Kriminalprozess nicht vorschreiben dürfe, ein Schuldurteil auszusprechen. (de)
  • United States v. Susan B. Anthony was the criminal trial of Susan B. Anthony in a U.S. federal court in 1873. The defendant was a leader of the women's suffrage movement who was arrested for voting in Rochester, New York in the 1872 elections in violation of state laws that allowed only men to vote. Anthony argued that she had the right to vote because of the recently adopted Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, part of which reads, "No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States." The judge, Ward Hunt, was a recently appointed U.S. Supreme Court Justice who had responsibility for the federal circuit court in which the trial was held. He did not allow the jurors to discuss this case but instead directed them to find Anthony guilty. On the final day of the trial, Hunt asked Anthony if she had anything to say. Anthony, who had not previously been permitted to speak, responded with what one historian of the women's movement has called "the most famous speech in the history of the agitation for woman suffrage".Repeatedly ignoring the judge's order to stop talking and sit down, she protested what she called "this high-handed outrage upon my citizen's rights".She also protested the injustice of denying women the right to vote. When Justice Hunt sentenced Anthony to pay a fine of $100, she defiantly said that she would never do so. Hunt then announced that Anthony would not be jailed for failure to pay the fine, a move that had the effect of preventing her from taking her case to the Supreme Court. Fourteen other Rochester women who lived in Anthony's ward also voted in that election and were arrested, but the government never took them to trial. The election inspectors who allowed the women to vote were arrested, tried and found guilty. They were pardoned by President Ulysses S. Grant after being jailed for refusing to pay the fines imposed by the court. The trial, which was closely followed by the national press, helped make women's suffrage a national issue. It was a major step in the transition of the women's rights movement from one that encompassed a number of issues into one that focused primarily on women's suffrage. Judge Hunt's directed verdict created a controversy within the legal community that lasted for years. In 1895, the Supreme Court ruled that a federal judge could not direct a jury to return a guilty verdict in a criminal trial. (en)
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  • United States v. Susan B. Anthony (en)
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  • Susan B. Anthony was found guilty of violating the Enforcement Act of 1870 and New York law by illegally voting, and fined $100. The right to a jury trial exists only when there is a disputed fact, not when there is an issue of law. (en)
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  • Anthony's address to court after directed verdict (en)
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  • Sparf v. United States (en)
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  • Der Prozess gegen Susan B. Anthony, United States v. Susan B. Anthony, war 1873 ein Kriminalprozess gegen Susan B. Anthony in einem US-amerikanischen Bundesgericht. Die Angeklagte war eine Führerin der Frauenwahlrechtsbewegung, die festgenommen worden war, weil sie 1872 in Rochester (New York) an einer Wahl teilgenommen hatte, obwohl nach den bundesstaatlichen Gesetzen nur den Männern die Wahl erlaubt war. Anthony berief sich dabei auf das kurz zuvor verabschiedete 14. Amendment. (de)
  • United States v. Susan B. Anthony was the criminal trial of Susan B. Anthony in a U.S. federal court in 1873. The defendant was a leader of the women's suffrage movement who was arrested for voting in Rochester, New York in the 1872 elections in violation of state laws that allowed only men to vote. Anthony argued that she had the right to vote because of the recently adopted Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, part of which reads, "No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States." (en)
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  • Prozess gegen Susan B. Anthony (de)
  • Trial of Susan B. Anthony (en)
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