Petras Griškevičius

Petras Griškevičius
Petras Griškevičius
First Secretary of the Communist Party of Lithuania
	In office; 18 February 1974 – 14 November 1987
Preceded by	Antanas Sniečkus
Succeeded by	Ringaudas Songaila
Personal details
Born	19 July 1924; Kriaunos, Rokiškis District, Lithuania
Died	14 November 1987 (aged 63); Vilnius, Lithuanian SSR, Soviet Union
Political party	Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1945–1987)
Occupation	military officer, politician

Petras Petrovičius Griškevičius (Russian: Пя́трас Пя́трович Гришкя́вичюс; 19 July 1924 – 14 November 1987) was a Lithuanian communist party official in the Lithuanian SSR. He was the First Secretary of the Lithuanian Communist Party (de facto leader of Lithuania) from 1974 to his death.

Early life and military career

He was born on 19 July 1924 in the village of Kriaunos, in the Rokiškis district of the Republic of Lithuania. He began his career in 1941 as a collective farmer in the eastern part of Chelyabinsk Region. At the beginning of World War II, Griškevičius retreated into the Russian SFSR. During the war, he was a member of the 16th Rifle Division (1942–1943) and a Soviet partisan (1943–1944) in Rokiškis district.^[1]

Party career

After joining the communist party in 1945, he slowly rose through the ranks.^[2] He worked in press censorship (1950–1955) before moving to the Vilnius City Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania. There he worked at the secretariat (1955–1964) and central committee (1964–1971), becoming the first secretary in 1971.^[2]

Leader of Soviet Lithuania

After the death of Antanas Sniečkus in 1974, Griškevičius succeeded him as the First Secretary of the Lithuanian Communist Party. He was also a delegate of the Supreme Soviet of the Lithuanian SSR (since 1965), delegate of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (since 1974), and member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (since 1976).^[1] Griškevičius was described as a Brezhnevite,^[3] conservative and "mediocre apparatchik", who opposed perestroika and especially glasnost.^[4] He supported suppression of Lithuanian history and cultural heritage, replacing them with Soviet propaganda.^[5]

Personal life and death

He died in Vilnius on November 14, 1987, and was buried at the Antakalnis Cemetery.

Awards

Two Orders of Lenin, July 18, 1974; July 18, 1984
Order of the October Revolution, 25 August 1971
Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, May 10, 1965
Order of the Patriotic War II degree, March 11, 1985
Two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, October 1, 1965; March 17, 1981
Order of the Badge of Honour, July 20, 1950
Medal "For Distinguished Labour", December 24, 1960
Medal "To a Partisan of the Patriotic War" I degree, September 14, 1944
other medals

References

^ ^a ^b Zinkus, Jonas; et al., eds. (1985–1988). "Griškevičius, Petras". Tarybų Lietuvos enciklopedija (in Lithuanian). Vol. I. Vilnius: Vyriausioji enciklopedijų redakcija. p. 667. LCCN 86232954.
^ ^a ^b Misiunas, Romuald J.; Rein Taagepera; Georg von Rauch (1983). The Baltic States, years of dependence, 1940-1980. University of California Press. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-520-04625-2.
^ O'Connor, Kevin (2003). The history of the Baltic States. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-313-32355-3.
^ Denber, Rachel (1992). The Soviet nationality reader: the disintegration in context. Westview Press. p. 443. ISBN 978-0-8133-1027-5.
^ Ashbourne, Alexandra (1999). Lithuania: the rebirth of a nation, 1991-1994. Lexington Books. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-7391-0027-1.

Party political offices
Preceded by Antanas Sniečkus	First Secretary of the Communist Party of Lithuania (LKP) 1974–1987	Succeeded by Ringaudas Songaila

[zinkus-1] Zinkus, Jonas; et al., eds. (1985–1988). "Griškevičius, Petras". Tarybų Lietuvos enciklopedija (in Lithuanian). Vol. I. Vilnius: Vyriausioji enciklopedijų redakcija. p. 667. LCCN 86232954.

[misiun-2] Misiunas, Romuald J.; Rein Taagepera; Georg von Rauch (1983). The Baltic States, years of dependence, 1940-1980. University of California Press. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-520-04625-2.

[occon-3] O'Connor, Kevin (2003). The history of the Baltic States. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-313-32355-3.

[denber-4] Denber, Rachel (1992). The Soviet nationality reader: the disintegration in context. Westview Press. p. 443. ISBN 978-0-8133-1027-5.

[ash-5] Ashbourne, Alexandra (1999). Lithuania: the rebirth of a nation, 1991-1994. Lexington Books. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-7391-0027-1.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

v t e Leaders of Lithuania since 1919
Presidents (1919–1940)	Antanas Smetona Aleksandras Stulginskis Kazys Grinius Jonas Staugaitis Aleksandras Stulginskis Antanas Smetona Antanas Merkys¹ Justas Paleckis¹ Jonas Žemaitis⁴
LKP First Secretaries²	Antanas Sniečkus Petras Griškevičius Ringaudas Songaila Algirdas Brazauskas
Presidents (since 1990)	Vytautas Landsbergis³ Algirdas Brazauskas Valdas Adamkus Rolandas Paksas Artūras Paulauskas Valdas Adamkus Dalia Grybauskaitė Gitanas Nausėda
¹ Not recognized as a legitimate president ² De facto heads of state; de jure heads of state were Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Lithuanian SSR ³ Was head of state, but not recognized as president ⁴ Posthumously recognized in March 2009 Italics denote acting leaders

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