And the percentage of apoptotic cells was detected by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hypodiploid measurement with flow cytometry.

Diaz-Flores et al., "The genomic landscape of hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia," Nature Genetics, vol.

The cells in the hypodiploid phase before G1 (Sub-G1) were identified to be apoptotic cells.

Quantification of apoptotic cells was accomplished by plotting the number of events against the PI area, while apoptotic nuclei were ascertainable as hypodiploid DNA peak (sub-G1) as presented in Supplementary Figure 3.

A study by Perry et al (23) demonstrated cytogenetic abnormalities of a near diploid clone with loss of chromosomes 3 and 14 in one FDCS case and a hypodiploid clone with loss of chromosomes 5, 6, 9, 14, 16, and 22 in another FDCS case.

Karyotyping revealed hypodiploid karyotype and deletion of 13q with the following details: 41-45, XX,-2,add(12)(p11),der(13)t(2;13)(p10;q10),del(13q),del(14)(q24),add(19)(p13),add(20)(p13),-22[CP5]/48,XX,+X,+X,del(11)(p13).[sup][1] No mass was found in her lung by radiography.

DNA histograms show evident accumulation of hypodiploid cells at preG1 peak within 24 h indicating accumulation of dead and apoptotic cells.

Cells in S/[G.sub.2]/M (proliferating) and [G.sub.0]/[G.sub.1] phases, and hypodiploid cells (cells under death process) were analized.

In this study, EVO inhibited the viability of the A2780, A2780CP, SKOV-3, and ES-2 human ovarian cancer cell lines with increased apoptotic characteristics such as DNA ladders, caspase-3 and PARP cleavage and hypodiploid cells.

The flow cytometry results showed that in the MFH group after 48 h, obvious hypodiploid DNA (apoptotic) peaks appeared before the G1 peak, and the apoptosis rate increased with rising concentration of the [Fe.sub.2][O.sub.3] nanoparticle ferrofluid.