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Morphological Processing

Introduction for morphological processing

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8 views

Morphological Processing

Introduction for morphological processing

Uploaded by

one2onesupplier
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Morphological

Processing
Introduction
Morphological processing
Morphological processing is a fundamental technique
in image processing that focuses on the shape and
structure of objects within an image. It involves the
manipulation and analysis of the geometrical features
of an image to extract useful information or enhance
certain characteristics.
Morphological processing
Morphological operations are based on mathematical
morphology, which uses set theory and mathematical
operations, such as dilation, erosion, opening, and
closing, to modify the shape and structure of objects in
an image.
It is often employed in conjunction with other image
processing techniques to achieve more accurate and
robust results.
Morphological processing
• Dilation: It expands or thickens the boundaries of
objects in an image, making them larger.
It is typically applied in binary image, but there are
versions that work on gray scale. The basic effect is to
gradually enlarge the boundaries of the region of
foreground pixels.
Thus area of foreground pixels grow in size while holes
within the region become smaller.
Dilation
Morphological processing
• Erosion: It erodes or thins the boundaries of objects,
making them smaller. The area of region of
foreground pixels shrink in size.
Erosion
Erosion vs Dilation

Second picture is Erosion of first image with square


structure
Third picture is Dilation of second image
Erosion vs Dilation
Erosion:
Shrinks and thins object of binary image
Areas of foreground pixels shrinks in size, and holes within
those area become larger.
Dilation:
Grows or thickens object of binary image
Bridging gaps
Fill small holes
Morphological processing
Opening: It performs an erosion operation followed by
a dilation operation. It helps in removing small objects
and smoothing out the boundaries.
Opening
Morphological processing
Closing: It performs a dilation operation followed by an
erosion operation. It helps in closing gaps, filling holes,
and restoring broken objects.
Closing
Morphological processing
Opening and closing are dual to each other.
These operations can be applied few times, but has
effect only once.
Morphological processing
Use of opening and closing for morphological filtering
Advantage & Disadvantage
Advantage:
simple, preserve shape and structure,
complementary to other techniques, noise removal

Disadvantage:
Computational complexity, sensitivity to image
resolution and noise, primarily limited to binary images
Hit or miss
This transformation can be used to look for particular
pattern of foreground and background pixels in image.

Concept is to hit the object and to miss the


background.
Application
Thinning
Application
Thickening
Application
Traffic monitoring and control
Document analysis
Surveillance
Quality Control
Biomedical Imaging
Segmentation
Introduction
Segmentation
It is the process of isolating objects of interest from the
rest of the scene.
The purpose of image segmentation is to partition an
image into meaningful regions with respect to a
particular application.
Segmentation
Application:
Identifying objects in a scene for object-based
measurements such as size and shape.
Identifying objects in a moving scene.
Identifying objects are at different distance from a
sensor using depth measurements.
Segmentation
Application:
Identifying objects in a scene for object-based
measurements such as size and shape.
Identifying objects in a moving scene.
Identifying objects are at different distance from a
sensor using depth measurements.
Segmentation
Thresholding:
It is a simple and commonly used segmentation
technique.
It is a labeling operation on an image that distinguishes
pixels of a higher intensity from pixels with a lower
intensity.
Segmentation
Thresholding:
Segmentation
Thresholding:

Exact Thresholding
Low Thresholding High Thresholding
Clustering
Defines as the process of identifying groups of similar
image primitive.

It is the process of organizing the object into groups


based on its attributes.
Clustering
Types of clustering based segmentation are,
• K-means clustering
• Fuzzy C-means clustering
• Mean-shift clustering
Region Bases Segmentation
It is a method used in image
processing and computer vision to
partition an image into meaningful
regions
Example: defecting weld detecting
Region Bases Segmentation
Types of region based segmentation are,
• Region growing
• Split and merge
• Region splitting
• Region merging
Edge Bases Segmentation
Edge-based segmentation is an image processing
technique that aims to identify and extract boundaries
or edges between different objects or regions in an
image.
Edge Bases Segmentation
Types of edge based segmentation are,
• Gradient-based methods (Sobel, Prewitt, Canny)
• Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG)
• Zero-crossing operators

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