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Introduction To Log Shadowing Method

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Nithyashree M
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14 views

Introduction To Log Shadowing Method

Uploaded by

Nithyashree M
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Log

Shadowing Method

The log shadowing method is a technique used to model radio wave propagation
in free space. It accounts for the randomness in signal strength due to obstacles
and terrain, providing a more accurate prediction of wireless coverage and
performance.

by Nithyashree M
Free Space Propagation Model
Overview Limitations Application

The free space propagation This model does not account for The free space model is often
model assumes a clear, real-world factors like obstacles, used as a baseline for more
unobstructed line of sight terrain, and random shadowing complex propagation models
between the transmitter and effects. like log shadowing.
receiver.
Equation for Path Loss in Free Space

1 Path Loss (PL) 2 Variables


PL = 20 log(d) + 20 log(f) + 92.45 d = distance (km), f = frequency (GHz)

3 Assumptions
Line-of-sight propagation, no obstacles
Derivation of Log Shadowing
Equation
1 Path Loss
The path loss in free space is given by the Friss equation.

2 Shadowing
Obstacles and terrain cause random shadowing of the signal.

3 Log-Normal Distribution
The shadowing effect can be modeled using a log-normal distribution.
Factors Affecting Log Shadowing
Terrain Obstacles
Hills, mountains, and other geographic features Buildings, trees, and other structures can block
can cause signal shadowing. and reflect radio waves.

Environment Antenna Height


Weather, climate, and atmospheric conditions can The height of the transmitting and receiving
also influence signal propagation. antennas affects the line of sight and shadowing.
Advantages of Log Shadowing Method

Accuracy Flexibility Statistical Modeling


Provides more realistic prediction Can be adapted to different Accounts for the random nature of
of wireless coverage and environments and scenarios. signal propagation.
performance.
Limitations and Assumptions

Line of Sight Homogeneous Log-Normal


Environment Distribution
Assumes a clear line of sight
between transmitter and Assumes a relatively uniform Assumes the shadowing effect
receiver. environment with similar follows a log-normal
obstacles and terrain. probability distribution.
Practical Applications and Examples
Cellular Networks Predicting coverage and capacity for 5G and LTE
deployments.

Wireless LANs Optimizing access point placement and evaluating


performance.

IoT Deployments Designing robust, reliable wireless sensor


networks.

Military Communications Analyzing signal propagation in complex, urban


environments.

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