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What Is Data Triangulation & Data Saturation

Data triangulation involves using multiple external methods to collect and analyze data to enhance objectivity, truth, and validity. There are four main types of triangulation: data triangulation correlates people, time, and space; investigator triangulation correlates findings from multiple researchers; theory triangulation uses multiple theoretical strategies; and methodological triangulation correlates data from multiple collection methods. Ensuring data triangulation goes a long way toward reaching data saturation through collecting rich, in-depth data from multiple sources.

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1K views

What Is Data Triangulation & Data Saturation

Data triangulation involves using multiple external methods to collect and analyze data to enhance objectivity, truth, and validity. There are four main types of triangulation: data triangulation correlates people, time, and space; investigator triangulation correlates findings from multiple researchers; theory triangulation uses multiple theoretical strategies; and methodological triangulation correlates data from multiple collection methods. Ensuring data triangulation goes a long way toward reaching data saturation through collecting rich, in-depth data from multiple sources.

Uploaded by

Al S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data saturation is reached when there is

enough information to replicate the study


when the ability to obtain additional new
information has been attained, and when
further coding is no longer feasible.
What is Data Triangulation?
 triangulation involves the employment of
multiple external methods to collect data &
the analysis of the data.

 4 types of triangulation (social research) -


enhance objectivity, truth, and validity.

Denzin (2009)
 DATA TRIANGULATION for correlating people,
time, and space; investigator triangulation for
correlating the findings from multiple
researchers in a study;

 THEORY TRIANGULATION for using and


correlating multiple theoretical strategies;

 METHODOLOGICAL TRIANGULATION for


correlating data from multiple data collection
methods.
Multiple external analysis methods
concerning the same events and the validity
of the process may be enhanced by multiple
sources of data

(Fusch, 2008, 2013; Holloway et al., 2010).


Relationship between DT & DS
 a direct link

 the one (data triangulation) ensures the


other (data saturation).

 data triangulation (DT) is a method to get


to data saturation (DS).
(DT) (DS).
 triangulation is the method in which the
researcher “must learn to employ multiple external
methods in the analysis of the same empirical
events"

 triangulation is the way in which one explores


different levels and perspectives of the same
phenomenon.

 It is one method by which the validity of the study


results are ensured. Denzin (2006),
 triangulation of data can result in
contradictory and inconsistent results

 it is up to the researcher to make sense


of them for the reader and to demonstrate
the richness of the information

(O’Reilly & Parker, 2012).


To ensure saturation
 Methodological triangulation goes a long
ways towards ensuring this (through
multiple data sources.

 Methodological triangulation ensures


that that data is rich in depth.
Bekhet & Zauszniewski, 2012)
 Denzin (2012) - like looking through a
crystal to perceive all the facets/viewpoints
of the data.

 triangulation should be reframed as crystal


refraction (many points of light) to
extrapolate the meaning inherent in the
data.
 This is especially important in ethnographic
research where one is expected to have multiple
data collection techniques to find the meaning
that participants use to frame their world

(Forsey, 2010)

 One does not necessarily triangulate; one


crystallizes thorough recognizing that there are
many sides from which to approach a concept

(Richardson & Adams St. Pierre, 2008)

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