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Java

The document provides comprehensive Java notes covering fundamental to advanced concepts, including basic syntax, data types, control statements, object-oriented programming, exception handling, and Java 8+ features. It also touches on Java GUI, JDBC, memory management, and keywords. The notes are structured for easy study and reference.

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my Udaipur
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3 views

Java

The document provides comprehensive Java notes covering fundamental to advanced concepts, including basic syntax, data types, control statements, object-oriented programming, exception handling, and Java 8+ features. It also touches on Java GUI, JDBC, memory management, and keywords. The notes are structured for easy study and reference.

Uploaded by

my Udaipur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here are detailed Java notes, covering fundamental to advanced concepts,

structured clearly for study or reference:

1. Introduction to Java

Developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems.

Platform-independent via Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

File extension: .java

Write Once, Run Anywhere (WORA)

2. Basic Syntax

Public class HelloWorld {

Public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println(“Hello, World!”);

}
3. Data Types

Primitive Types

Int, byte, short, long, float, double, char, boolean

Non-Primitive

Arrays, Strings, Classes, Interfaces

4. Variables and Constants

Int age = 25;

Final double PI = 3.14; // constant

5. Operators

Arithmetic: + - * / %

Relational: == != > < >= <=


Logical: && || !

Assignment: = += -= *=

6. Control Statements

Conditional

If (x > 0) {

System.out.println(“Positive”);

} else {

System.out.println(“Non-positive”);

Loops

For, while, do-while

For (int I = 0; I < 5; i++) {

System.out.println(i);

}
7. Arrays and Strings

Int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3};

String name = “Java”;

String is an object, immutable, and supports many methods.

8. Methods (Functions)

Public static int add(int a, int b) {

Return a + b;

Supports method overloading.

9. Object-Oriented Programming

Class and Object


Class Car {

String color;

Void drive() {

System.out.println(“Driving “ + color + “ car”);

Car myCar = new Car();

Encapsulation

Using private fields and public getters/setters.

Inheritance

Class Animal {

Void speak() {

System.out.println(“Speaking”);

Class Dog extends Animal {

Void bark() {

System.out.println(“Barking”);

Polymorphism
Method Overloading (compile-time)

Method Overriding (run-time, with @Override)

Abstraction

Abstract Classes

Abstract class Shape {

Abstract void draw();

Interfaces

Interface Drawable {

Void draw();

10. Constructors

Class Person {
Person() {

System.out.println(“Constructor called”);

Can be overloaded.

11. Exception Handling

Try {

Int x = 10 / 0;

} catch (ArithmeticException e) {

System.out.println(“Error: “ + e);

} finally {

System.out.println(“Finally block executed”);

12. File Handling

Import java.io.*;

BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(“output.txt”));


Writer.write(“Hello Java”);

Writer.close();

13. Collections Framework

Interfaces: List, Set, Map, Queue

Classes: ArrayList, HashSet, HashMap, LinkedList, TreeSet

14. Multithreading

Class MyThread extends Thread {

Public void run() {

System.out.println(“Thread running…”);

Use Thread class or Runnable interface.


15. Packages and Access Modifiers

Packages: group related classes.

Access: public, private, protected, default (no modifier)

16. Java 8+ Features

Lambda Expressions

(x, y) -> x + y;

Streams API

Functional Interfaces

Default and Static Methods in Interfaces

17. Java GUI (Swing)


JFrame frame = new JFrame(“Title”);

Frame.setSize(300, 200);

Frame.setVisible(true);

18. Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pass);

Statement stmt = con.createStatement();

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(“SELECT * FROM table”);

19. Java Memory Management

Automatic Garbage Collection

Memory areas: Heap, Stack, Method Area, etc.

20. Keywords

Class, interface, extends, implements, final, this, super, static, void, return,
try, catch, throws
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