BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Resolution: Approved by BOS-Biotechnology meeting held on 8th Oct. 2022

Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan’s

M. M. College of Arts, N.M. Institute of Science,
H.R.J. College of Commerce. (Bhavan’s College)
Autonomous
(Affiliated to University of Mumbai)

Syllabus for: T.Y.B.Sc. Biotechnology

Program: B.Sc.
Program Code: BH.US
Course Code: (BH.USBT)

Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)

with effect from academic year 2023-2
BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

PROGRAM OUTCOMES

PO Description
A student completing Bachelor’s Degree in Biotechnology program
PO will be able to gain:
Disciplinary Knowledge: Capable of demonstrating comprehensive
knowledge and understanding of one or more other disciplines that form
a part of an undergraduate programme of study. This programme helps
students in building a solid foundation for further higher studies and
PO-1 research.

Critical Thinking & Competency in Skills: Take informed actions after

identifying the assumptions that frame our thinking and actions.
Critically evaluate practices, policies and theories by following scientific
approach to knowledge development. Obtain proficiency in analytical
reasoning, critical understanding, analysis and synthesis in order to solve
theoretical and practical problems. This can orient students towards
applications of their subject in other disciplines and, can also be utilized
PO-2 in modelling and solving real life problems.

Communication Skills: Ability to express thoughts and ideas effectively

in writing and orally; communicate with others using appropriate media;
confidently share one’s views and express herself/ himself; demonstrate
the ability to listen carefully; and present complex information in a clear
PO-3 and concise manner to different groups.

Social Interaction: Ability to work effectively and respectfully with

diverse teams; facilitate cooperative or coordinated effort on the part of
a group and act together as a group or a team in the interests of a
common cause. Elicit views of others, mediate disagreements and help
PO4 reach conclusions in group settings.

Environment and Sustainability: Understand the issues of

PO5 environmental contexts and sustainable development.
Interdisciplinary and Research Skills: A sense of inquiry and
capability for asking relevant/ appropriate questions, Ability to
recognize cause- and effect relationships, define problems, formulate
hypotheses, interpret and draw conclusions from data, ability to plan,
execute and report the results of an experiment or investigation which
will enable them to apply one’s
PO6 learning to real life situations.
Proficiency in Employments: This programme will help students to
enhance their employability for Government jobs, related to science, data
analysis jobs, and jobs in various other public and private enterprises.
PO7
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES

PSO Mapping
A student completing Bachelor’s Degree in
Biotechnology program will be able to:
PSO 1 Understand the basic principles of Cell, Molecular Biology Semester V
and Medical Microbiology Paper BH. USBT501 & 502
PSO 2 Understand the recent advances in biotechnology Semester V
as well as Marine Biotechnology Paper BH. USBT503 & 504
PSO 3 Gain knowledge about biosafety protocols in life science Semester V
Paper BH. USBT505
PSO 4 Understand the basic concepts of Biochemistry Semester VI
and Human Physiology Paper BH. USBT601
PSO 5 Understand and to learn different fields of Semester VI
Industrial Biotechnology and Enviornmental Biotechnology Paper BH. USBT602 & 604
PSO 6 Gain the knowledge of Forensic Science Semester VI
Paper BH. USBT603
PSO 7 Understand the fundamentals of Pharmacology Semester VI
and Drug Designing Paper BH. USBT605
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

PROGRAM OUTLINE

YEAR SEMESTER COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE CREDITS

TYBSc V BH. USBT501 Cell & Molecular Biology 2.5
TYBSc V BH. USBT502 Medical Microbiology 2.5
TYBSc V BH. USBT503 Advances in Biotechnology&Bioanalytical 2.5
Sciences
TYBSc V BH. USBT504 Marine Biotechnology 2.5
TYBSc V BH. USBT505 Biosafety 2.0
TYBSc V BH. USBTP Practicals of BH. USBT 501& 3.0
501-502 BH. USBT 502
TYBSc V BH. USBTP Practicals of BH. USBT 503&BH. USBT504 3.0
503-504
TYBSc V BH. USBTP Practicals of Biosafety 2.0
505
TYBSc VI BH. USBT601 Biochemistry& Physiology 2.5
TYBSc VI BH. USBT602 Industrial Biotechnology 2.5
TYBSc VI BH. USBT603 Genetic Markers &Forensic Biotechnology 2.5
TYBSc VI BH. USBT604 Enviornmental Biotechnology 2.5
TYBSc VI BH. USBT605 Pharmacology &Fundamentals of 2.0
Drug Designing
TYBSc VI BH. USBTP Practicals of BH. USBT 601& 3.0
601-602 BH. USBT 602
TYBSc VI BH. USBTP Practicals of BH. USBT 603 & 3.0
603-604 BH. USBT 604
TYBSc VI BH. USBTP 605 Practicals of Pharmacology &Fundamentals of 2.0
Drug Designing
TOTAL 20 + 20
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

PREAMBLE

Biotechnology is one of the youngest branches of Life Science, which has expanded
and established as an advanced interdisciplinary applied science in last few years.
Biotechnology at the core envisages the comprehensive study of Life and the
Interdisciplinary potential of Biotechnology has led to a unique status for
Biotechnology in Research and Industry.

The socio-economic potential of Biotechnology is well established which has

almost become synonymous with modern development. Biotechnology has its
applications in almost every field touching practically every human activity. The
applied aspect of Biotechnology is now getting established with its applications in
Industry, Agriculture, Health and Environment, Biotechnology is the lead science
expanding exponentially.

Biotechnology demands a trained, skilled human resource to establish the Industry

and Research sectors. The field is novel and still expanding which demands inputs
in Infrastructure and Technology. The global and local focus is on developing new
technological applications are fast growing. Biotechnology sector in Research and
Industry is expanding which is set to augur the next major revolution in the world.

The demand for trained workforce in Biotechnology is ever growing in

Fundamental Research and Industry Sector. Academic and Research Sectors also
require interdisciplinary trained manpower to further the Biotechnology
Revolution.

The need of the hour is to design appropriate syllabi which keeps pace with
changing times and technology with emphasizes on applications while elucidating
technology in depth. The present Syllabi is Restructured anticipating the future
needs of Biotechnology Sector with more emphasis on imparting hands-on skills.
The main thrust is laid on making syllabus compatible with developments in
Education, Research and Industrial sectors. The Theory and Practical course in new
restructured course will lead to impart skill-set essentials to further Biotechnology
Sector.

The restructured syllabus combines basic principles of Physical, Chemical and

Biological sciences in light of advancements in technology. The curriculum aims to
impart basic knowledge with emphasis on its applications to make the students
industry ready.
BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

SEMESTER V
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Programme: B.Sc. Biotechnology Semester: V

Course: Cell Biology & Molecular Biology Course Code: BH.USBT501
Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme (Theory)
Lecture Practical Tutorial Credits Continuous End Semester Examination
(Periods (Periods (Periods (Theory+ Internal (ESE)
per week) per week per week Practical) Assessment
per per (CIA)
batch) batch) (CIA-I & II)

04 04 NIL 2.5+1.5=4 20+20=40 (Marks: 60)

Course Objectives:
The objective of this course is to understand:
• Molecular mechanism of the cell cycle and its control at various stages
• Role of different messangers in cell signalling
• Fundamentals of cancer biology and cancer treatment
• The role and significance of each and every biological component which is used as a genetic
engineering tool and its application in recombinant DNA technology.
• Strategies and prospects of generation of transgenic animals and plants

Course Outcomes:
By the end of the course the student will be able to:
• Develop an understanding of the various aspects of cell cycle in unicellular and multi-cellular
organism.
• Develop an understanding of Cell signaling and signal transduction pathways.
• Understand cellular processes and causes of cancer.
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

INDEX
Units Detailed Description Lecture
period /unit
UNIT I • Cell cycle Introduction (2L) 15
• The Early Embryonic Cell Cycle and the Role of MPF (3L)
Cell Cycle&
• The Molecular Genetics of Cell CycleControl (4L)
Cell
Signalling Apoptosis, Cell signalling and signal transduction
• Introduction General Principles of Cell Signaling (6L)
Signaling via G-Protein-linked Cell-SurfaceReceptors.
Signaling via Enzyme-linked Cell-SurfaceReceptors.
Target-Cell Adaptation

UNIT II • Cancer: Introduction (3L) 15

• Fundamentals of cancer biology (3L)
Cancer • The Molecular Genetics of Cancer (3L)
Biology • Cancer and Virus (3L)
• Cancer diagnosis and Therapy(3L)
• chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy
• Molecular approach of the treatment
UNIT III • Cloning vectors (3L) 15
• Plasmids (pUC series), Cosmids, phagemids M13,
Tools in
shuttle vectors, YAC vectors; expression vectors pET
Molecular
Biology system;
• Gene cloning-Strategies of isolation of gene of interest&
generation of recombinant DNA molecule (3L)
• Recombinant selection and screening methods (3L)
• Genetic, immunochemical, Southern and Western
analysis, nucleic acid hybridization, methods of gene
transfer in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; HART, HRT;
• Expression of cloned DNA molecules and maximization of
expression (3L)
• Genomic DNA libraries, cDNA libraries, chromosome walking
and jumping (3L)

UNIT IV • Genetic engineering of plants (2L) 15

• Methodology-Plant transformation with the Ti plasmid of
Genetic
A.tumefaciens, Ti plasmid derived vector system (2L)
engineering
of plants • Physical methods of transferring genes to plants (4L)
and animals • electroporation, microprojectile bombardment, liposome
mediated, protoplast fusion.
• Transgenic mice methodology (4L)
• Retroviral method, DNA microinjection, ES method
• Transgenic animal recombination system (2L)
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

• Transgenic fish (1L)

TOTAL 60

References:
1. Molecular Cell Biology. 9th Edition, Lodish H., Berk A, Kaiser C., K ReigerM., Bretscher A.,
Ploegh H., Angelika Amon A., Matthew P. Scott M.P., W.H. Freemanand Co., USA (2021)
2. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th Edition Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson,Julian Lewis, Martin
Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter. Garland Science, USA (2008)
3. Cell Biology, 9th edition, Gerald Karp. John Wiley & Sons., USA (2020)
4. The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 6th edition, Geoffrey M. Cooper, Robert E.Hausman, Sinauer
Associates, Inc. USA (2013)
5. iGenetics A Molecular Approach 3rd Edition Peter J. Russell. (2013)
6. Molecular Biotechnology-Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology 3rd
Edition Glick B.R., Pasternak J.J., Patten C.L. (2002)
7. Principles of Gene Manipulation 7th Edition Primrose S.B., Twyman R.M.
8. Biotechnology 3rd Edition S.S. Purohit.
9. Genomes 3rd Edition T.A. Brown.
10. Biotechnology B.D. Singh.
11. Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis 6th Edition T.A. Brown.7th edition (2016)

Practicals:
1. Heamolysis of Blood
2. Differential Count of WBC associated with immunotherapy
3. Demonstration and observation of permanent slides of cancer tissue.
4. Cell viability
5. Slide preparation using microtomy
6. RE digestion & Ligation
7. Transformation & Screening of Recombinants
8. Expression studies using SDS PAGE Western Blotting
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Programme: B.Sc. Biotechnology Semester: V

Course: Medical Microbiology Course Code:
BH. USBT502
Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme (Theory)
Lecture Practical Tutorial Credits Continuous Internal End Semester
(Periods (Periods (Periods (Theory+ Assessment (CIA) Examination
per week) per week per week Practical) (CIA-I & II) (ESE)
per per
batch) batch)
04 04 NIL 2.5+1.5=4 20+20=40 (Marks: 60)

Objective:

• To gain insight into Disease Factors and Processes and Diseases Caused by Microorganisms
• To know the different chemical classes of drugs and toxins their mode of action and application
• To assay the effectiveness of the drugs

Outcomes:
• Discuss the various aspects of Systemic Infections including Causative Agents, Symptoms and
Prophylaxis and treatment.
• Gain the technical capability of handling, isolating and identifying various different pathogens
• At the end of course learner learns about the usage of therapeutic application of various drug and
testing methods for its evaluation and usage

INDEX

Unit Topic Lecture

period
/unit
Unit-I: Morphological and cultural characteristics, Pathogenesis, Lab diagnosis, 15
Causative prophylaxis and treatment of diseases caused by pathogen:
Organisms- • Helicobacter pylori (1L)
I • Legionella pneumophila (1L)
• Rickettsiae, (typhus fever) (2L)
• Coxiella (Q fever) (2L)
• Chlamydia trachomatis (2L)
• Entamoeba histolytica (1L)
• Plasmodium falciparum (malaria) (3L)
• Mycoses (superficial and systemic) (3L)
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Unit-II Morphological and cultural characteristics, Pathogenesis, Lab diagnosis, 15

Causative prophylaxis and treatment of diseases caused by pathogen
Organisms- • Hepatitis virus (2L)
II • Herpes (2L)
• Rabies (2L)
• Influenza virus (2L)
• AIDS virus (2L)
• Corona Virus (1L)
• Plant pathogens (4L)
• Introduction to Bacteria. Fungi, Mycoplasma, Viruses, Viroid as
plant pathogens,
• Tobacco mosaic virus(details with life cycle)

UNIT III • Antibacterial (7L) 15

Anti- • Drugs causes Inhibition of cell wall synthesis: Beta lactam
microbial antibiotics; Glycopeptide; Polypeptides
agents • Injury to Plasma membrane: Polymyxin
• Inhibition of protein synthesis: Aminoglycosides,
Tetracyclines Chloramphenicol, Macrolides, Erythromycin;
• Inhibition of Nucleic acid synthesis: Quinolones,
Rifampicin,
• Antimetabolites agents
• Antifungal drugs (1L)
• Antiviral drugs (2L)
• Antiprotozoal and Anthelminthic Drugs (2L)
• Drug derived from plants resources (2L)
• An overview of role of Ayurveda in medicinal science (1L)

UNIT IV • Drug Resistance: Mechanism, Origin and transmission of drug 15

Drug resistance (5L)
resistance • Evaluation of antimicrobial agents (7L)
and testing
the efficacy • Tests for bacteriostatic activity Disc tests, Tests for bactericidal
of anti- activity, Tests for fungistatic and fungicidal activity, Evaluation
microbial of possible synergistic antimicrobial combinations, Tests for
biofilm susceptibility, Antibiogram
• Use and misuse of antimicrobial (with case studies) (3L)

TOTAL 60
References:
• Mim’s (2019) Medical Microbiology and Immunology 6 th edition, Elsevier Limited
• Prescott Harley and Klein, (2016) Microbiology ,10 th edition, Mc Graw Hill
• Jawetz,E., Brooks,G.E, Melnick,J.L., Butel,J.S Adelberg E. A, 28 edition (A&L Lange
series) (2019) Medical Microbiology, Mc Graw Hill
• Talaro and Talaro (2020) Foundations In Microbiology by 11 th edition Mc Graw Hill
• Ananthanarayan, R. and Paniker, C. (2020) Textbook of microbiology. 11 th edition Orient
Longman
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

• Cruickshank R., (1974) Medical microbiology, (11 th ed), E & S Livingstone Limited
• Tortora, Gerard J., et al. (2016) Microbiology, An Introduction. (11 th ed.), Pearson.
• Hugo, W.B, Russell, A.D, (2013) Pharmaceutical Microbiology 8 th edition. Oxford Black
Scientific Publishers.
• John A. Lucas, (2021) Plant pathology and plant pathogens, 4 th edition, Black Science
Limited.
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12255670_Plants_as_source_of_drugs
• M. Maridass* and A. John De Britto, (2008). Origins of Plant Derived Medicines,
Ethnobotanical Leaflets 12: 373 387.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/41115592_Origins_of_Plant_Derived_Medicines
• Alisha, Singh. N. R., Varsakiya Jitendra. (2019), Role of Ayurveda in Public Health: Compass
and Challenges, J. Ayu. Herb. Med; 5(1): 28-30
Practicals:

1. MIC and MLC of any one antibiotic

2. Antibiotic sensitivity test using agar cup method
3. Antibiotic sensitivity test using paper disc method
A. Preparation of Mc-Farlands standards
B. Testing AST
4. Antibiotic sensitivity test using ditch method.
5. Synergistic action of drugs
6. E test
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Programme: B.Sc. Biotechnology Semester: V

Course: Advances in Biotechnology & Bioanalytical Course Code: BH.USBT503
Sciences
Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme (Theory)
Lecture Practical Tutorial( Credits Continuous End Semester Examination
(Periods (Periods Periods (Theory+ Internal (ESE)
per week) per week per week Practical) Assessment
per per (CIA)
batch) batch) (CIA-I & II)

04 04 NIL 2.5+1.5=4 20+20=40 (Marks: 60)

Course Objectives: The objective of this course is to understand
• The concept and prospects of omics
• Significance and applications of mutagenesis in biotechnology
• Application of molecular markers in various fields of life science
• Advanced techniques and applications of bioanalytical science

Course Outcomes: By the end of the course the student will be able to
• Making the tudents familiar with the concept of omics, molecular markers as well as the
applications of invitro mutagenesis and advanced bioanalytical techniques
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

INDEX
Units Detailed descriptions Lecture
period
/unit
UNIT I Introduction and overview of 15
• Genomics: Functional elements of the genome, NGS (4L)
The Omics • Transcriptomics: Gene expression measurement and database
Microarray design and execution (4L)
• Proteomics: Quantitative proteomics, protein database (4L)
• Metabolomics: Sample analysis and metabolite identification,
pathway analysis (3L)

15
• In vitro mutagenesis: strategies and applications (3L)
UNIT II • Gene silencing strategies and applications (3L)
Mutagenesis
• Transcriptional Gene silencing (3L)
&
Gene • Post transcriptional Gene silencing (3L)
Silencing • RNAi, shRNA, SiRNA (3L)

UNIT III • Chromatography 15

• Principle, instrumentation, working and application of Gas
Chromato- chromatography (GC) (1L)
graphy
& • High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Spectro- andvalidation (2L)
scopy • Ion-exchange chromatography (2L)
• Affinity chromatography (2L)
• Molecular exclusion chromatography (1L)
• Spectroscopy
• Principle, instrumentation, working and applications of
• UV-Visible spectroscopy (2L)
• Fluorescence spectroscopy (2L)
• Atomic absorption spectroscopy and Luminometry (3L)

UNIT IV • Tracer techniques 15

• Isotopes in Biology, Nature of radioactivity (1L)
Advances in
• GM Counter (1L)
bio-
analytical • Scintillation counter (2L)
techniques • Autoradiography (2L)
• Application of tracer techniques in Biology (3L)
• NMR, MS-Ionization (MALDI, ESI), Analyzer (TOF &
Quadrupole), and Detector; PET scan (4L)
• Introduction to Biosensors: Opportunities and Challenges,
applications (2L)

TOTAL 60
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

References:
• iGenetics A Molecular Approach 3rd Edition Peter J. Russell.
• Molecular Biotechnology-Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology 3rd
Edition Glick B.R., Pasternak J.J., Patten C.L.
• Principles of Gene Manipulation 7th Edition Primrose S.B., Twyman R.M.
• Biotechnology 3rd Edition S.S. Purohit.
• Biotechnology B.D. Singh.
• Keith Wilson, John Walker (2010) Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology (7th Ed) Cambridge University Press
• David Sheehan (2009), Physical Biochemistry: Principles and Applications (2nd Ed), Wiley-
Blackwell
• KalochRajan (2011), Analytical techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Springer.
• Upadhyay, A., Upadhyay, K., Nath, N.; Biophysical Chemistry (Principles and Techniques), 4 th
ed, Himalaya Publishing House, India, 2016.
• Skoog D. A., Holler, F. J., and S.R.Crough.”Instrumental Analysis, 6th” (2007). Brooks Cole
Publishing Company. ISA.
• Boyer, R..; Modern experimental biochemistry, 3rd ed, Benjamin Cummings, USA, 2000.
Practical :
1. Bioinformatic demonstrations of database analysis
2. Multiple sequence alignment
3. Identification of protein structures CATH/SCOP
4. Gene identification
5. Separation of components from a mixture using Affinity chromatography (Kit based)
6. Separation of components from a mixture using Ion exchange chromatography (Kit based)
7. Separation of components from a mixture using Size exclusion chromatography (Kit based)
8. HPLC method validation.

Programme: B.Sc. Biotechnology Semester: V

 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Course: Biosafety Course Code: BH.USBT505

Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme (Theory)
Lecture Practical Tutorial Credits Continuous End Semester Examination
(Periods (Periods (Periods (Theory+ Internal (ESE)
per week) per week per week Practical) Assessment
per per (CIA)
batch) batch) (CIA-I & II)

04 04 NIL 2+2=4 20+20=40 (Marks: 60)

Course Objectives:

• The objective of this course is to have firm foundation of fundamentals of biosafety in microbial
and biological laboratories
• To acquaint students with the GLP
• To create awareness about the spoilage of pharmaceutical product caused by microorganisms and
its preservation an
• To develop knowledge about quality control of product

Course Outcomes:
• By the end of the course the student will be able to develop an understanding about various
laboratory infections caused by microorganisms belonging to various risk group categories and
implementation of methods to prevent spread of LAI’s from the laboratories. A learner acquire
the knowledge of use of GLP and SOP principle in designing various experiment
• A learner acquires the skills of calibration and validation that helps them to get errorless precise
data in any scientific research
• The gains the knowledge of safety precaution that are to be taken while handling, using and
preserving any pharmaceutical products
• Develops the skills on quality control

INDEX

Units Detailed descriptions Lecture

period
/unit
UNIT I • Introduction to biosafety (1L) 15
• Biological Risk Assessment (2L)
Introduction • Hazardous Characteristics of an Agent(2L)
To Biosafety
• Genetically modified agent hazards, Cell cultures, Hazardous
Characteristics of Laboratory Procedures, Potential Hazards
Associated with Work Practices (6L)
• Safety Equipment and Facility Safeguards (2L)
• Pathogenic risk and management (2L)
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

UNIT II • Concept of GLP (1L) 15

GLP • Practicing GLP (4L)
• Guidelines to GLP (2L)
• Documentation of Laboratory (1L)
• Work Preparation of SOPs (2L)
• Calibration (2L)
• Records Validation of methods (1L)
• Documentation of results (2L)

UNIT III • Spoilage: chemical and physicochemical deterioration of

Microbial pharmaceuticals (1L) 15
spoilage, • Pharmaceutical ingredients susceptible to microbial attack (1L)
infection
risk and • Observable effects of microbial attack on pharmaceutical
contamination products (2L)
control, • Factors affecting microbial spoilage of pharmaceutical
Sterility products (1L)
assurance • Hazard to health Sources and control of contamination (1L)
• The extent of microbial contamination (1L)
• Factors determining the outcome of medicament - borne
Infection (1L)
• Preservation of medicines using antimicrobial agents: basic
principles (1L)
• Quality assurance and the control of microbial risk in
medicines Sterilization control and sterility assurance (2L)
• Bioburden determinations Environmental monitoring (2L)
Validation and in process monitoring of sterilization
procedures
• Sterility testing and its role (2L)

UNIT IV • Concepts on biosafety in Biotechnology (3L)

Biosafety in • Regulating rDNA technology (3L) 15
Biotechnology
• Regulating food and food ingredients (3L)
• Genetically engineered crops and livestock (3L)
• Contemporary issues in Bioethics (3L)

TOTAL 60
References:
• Hugo, W.B, Russell, A.D, (2013) Pharmaceutical Microbiology 8 th edition. Oxford Black
Scientific Publishers.
• Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories - 5th Edition, L. Casey Chosewood
Deborah E. Wilson U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention National Institutes of Health.
• Molecular Biotechnology –Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA Glick,
B.R,Pasternak, J.J Patten, C.L 3rd edition ASM press
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Practicals :

1. Validation of micropipette, measuring cylinders, colorimeters

2. Calibration of pH meter and weighing balance
3. Vitamin B12 bioassay
4. Testing for adulterants in food; ex. Starch in milk
5. Making SOP for any 2 major laboratory instruments
6. Sterility of injectables
BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

SEMESTER VI
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Programme: B.Sc. Biotechnology Semester: VI

Course: Biochemistry& Physiology Course Code: BH.USBT 601
Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme (Theory)
Lecture Practical Tutorial Credits Continuous End Semester Examination
(Periods (Periods (Periods (Theory+ Internal (ESE)
per week) per week per week Practical) Assessment
per per (CIA)
batch) batch) (CIA-I & II)

04 04 NIL 2.5+1.5=4 20+20=40 (Marks: 60)

Course Objectives:
• To demonstrate various metabolic cycles.
• To explain the properties and significance of biomolecules.
• The objective of this course is to understand the basic human physiological processes.

Course Outcomes: On completion of the course, the students will be able to

• To ensure gain of knowledge about protein structure and function
• To understand pathways related to synthesis of important carbohydrates and lipids
• Develop an understanding of the various aspects of Neurochemistry
• Develop an understanding of Endocrinology.
• Understand the cellular and molecular aspects of developmental biology.

INDEX

Units Detailed Description Lecture

period /unit

• Complementary interaction between Protein and 15

UNIT I Ligand (2L)
Protein & Lipid • Protein interaction modulated by chemical energy:
Metabolism Actin, Myosin and Molecular motors (3L)
• Metabolism of Amino acids (Arginine, Tyrosine,
Tryptophan) (4L)
• Transamination decarboxylation & deamination (2L)

• Fatty acid synthesis (saturated and unsaturated)

Cholesterol: Biosynthesis and degradation (2L)
• Atherosclerosis (2L)
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

• Carbohydrates: Classification and its properties 15

UNIT II (Physical and Chemical) (2L)
• Functions of Carbohydrates (2L)
Carbohydrate
metabolism • Carbohydrate Metabolism:
• Peptidoglycan in Bacteria (3L)
• Starch and sucrose in Plants (3L)
• Glycogen in Animals (2L)
• HMP pathway (3L)

• Mechanism of action of group I and II hormone (1L)

• Structure, storage, release, transport, biochemical
UNIT III 15
functions and disorders associated with hormones
secreted by Hypothalamus (1L)
Endocrinology
• Anterior Pituitary gland - GH (1L)
Posterior Pituitary gland - oxcytocin and vasopressin
(1L)
• Thyroid gland – Thyroxine, calcitonin (2L)
• Parathyroid gland – PTH (1L)
• Adrenal medulla – epinephrine and norepinephrine
(1L)
• Adrenal cortex – Glucocortocoids (1L)
• Pancreas – insulin and glucagon (2L)
• Female Gonads – estrogen and progesterone (2L)
• Male gonads – testosterone (1L)
• Placenta – hCG (1L)

• Anatomy and functioning of the brain (1L)

• Neuronal pathways Propogation of nerve impulses
UNIT IV 15
(1L)
Neurochemistry • Neuronal excitation and inhibition (2L)
& • Synapses and gap junctions (2L)
Developmental • Action of Neuro toxins and neurotransmitters (1L)
Biology • Stages of development- zygote, blastula, gastrula,
neurula (2L)
• Cell fate & commitment (1L)
• Concept of embryonic stem cells (1L)
• Differential gene expression, terminal
differentiation(1L)
• Lineages of three germ layers, fate map (1L)
• Mechanisms of differentiation- cytoplasmic
determinants, embryonic induction, concept of
morphogen, Morphogenetic movements(1L)
• Model organisms in Developmental biology (1L)
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

TOTAL 60

References:
• Donald Voet, Judith G.Voet, Charlotte W.Pratt, Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the
molecular level, Wiley, 5th Ed., 2016. •
• J.L.Jain, Sunjay Jain, Nitin Jain, Fundamentals of Biochemistry, S.Chand Publishers, 7th Ed.,
2006.
• Satyanaryana.U, Essentials of Biochemsitry, New India Book Agency, 2nd, 2008.
• T.Devasena, Biomolecules, MJP Publishers, Ist Ed., 2010.
• Donald Voet, Judith G.Voet, Biochemistry, Vol. 1: Biomolecules, Mechanisms of Enzyme
Action, and Metabolism, Wiley Publishers, Ist Ed., 2003.
• V.K. Ahluwalia, Biomolecules Chemistry of Living System, Manakin Press, 2015.
• MN Chatterjea, Textbook of Medical Biochemistry, 8th Edition
• Molecular Cell Biology. 7th Edition, (2012) Lodish H., Berk A, Kaiser C., K Reiger M.,
Bretscher A., Ploegh H., Angelika Amon A., Matthew P. Scott M.P., W.H. Freeman and Co.,
USA
• Textbook of Medical Physiology Guyton, A.C and Hall 11thedition J.E Saunders
• Developmental Biology; Scott Gilbert; 9thEdition
• Lehninger, principles of biochemistry, 4thedition (2005), David Nelson and Michael Cox
W.H.Free manand Company, New York.
• Biochemistry, 4ndedition (2017), Satyanarayana and Chakrapani, Books & Allied (P) Ltd

Practicals:
1. Determination of blood glucose levels for detection of diabetes mellitus.
2. Determination of serum cholesterol (Total, HDL and LDL)
3. Protein estimation by bradford method
4. Analysis of a chick embryonic development
5. Hormonal assays
6. Demonstration of various components of brain
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Programme: B.Sc. Biotechnology Semester: VI

Course: Industrial Biotechnology Course Code: BH.USBT602
Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme (Theory)
Lecture Practical Tutorial( Credits Continuous End Semester Examination
(Periods (Periods Periods (Theory+ Internal (ESE)
per week) per week per week Practical) Assessment
per per (CIA)
batch) batch) (CIA-I & II)

04 04 NIL 2.5+1.5=4 20+20=40 (Marks: 60)

Course Objectives:
• To explain the different types of fermentation and process with various examples
• The objective of this course is to have firm understanding about QA &QC

Course Outcomes:
• Student will learn commercial production of product using different fermentation processes
• The student will be able to develop an understanding about good manufacturing practices
followed at industries.
• Student will be able to develop an understanding about the concept of Quality control and
quality assurance in detail.
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

INDEX

Units Detailed descriptions Lecture

period
/unit
• Milk: Normal flora, changes in raw milk (2L)
• Enumeration (1L) 15
UNIT I
• Factors affecting bacteriological quality (1L)
Milk • Dairy technology Preservation methods
• Pasteurization (1L)
• Starter Cultures (2L)
• Fermented products(2L)
• Production process and spoilage of Cheese: Swiss and Cheddar
(2L)
• Butter (2L)
• Yogurt (1L)
• Buttermilk (1L)

• Types of fermentation
• Batch (1L), Continuous (2L), Aerobic (1L), Anaerobic 15
UNIT II (1L), Surface (2L), Submerged (1L), Solid state (1L)
Fermentation
processes • Inoculum development for bacterial (1L), mycelial (2L) and
yeast processes (1L)
• Scale up and scale down (2L)

UNIT III • Production of the products

• Streptomycin (1L), Amylase (1L),
Production of Citric acid (2L), Mushroom (2L), 15
Fermentation
Ethanol (1L), Wine (3L), Beer (3L),
product
Vinegar (2L)

UNIT III • Concept of GMP (1L)

• Requirements of GMP implementation (2L)
QA & QC • Documentation of GMP practices (2L) 15
• Regulatory certification of GMP (2L)
• Quality Control (QC):Concept of QC (2L)
• Requirements for implementing QC-QA concepts (2L)
• Concept of QA (2L)
• Requirements for implementing (2L)
TOTAL 60
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

References:
1. Applied Dairy Microbiology, Elmer H Marth and James L Steele Mercel Dekker Inc New York,
2nd edition
2. Microbial Technology Peppler,H.J and Perlman,D 2nd Academic Press Practicals
3. Industrial Microbiology Prescott and Dunn CBS publishers
4. Dairy technology by Yadav and Grower
5. Fermentation technology by Stanbury and Whittaker 2nd ed
6. Pharmaceutical Microbiology by Russel and Hugo
7. Biotechnology, A text of industrial microbiology, 3rd edition Wulf Crueger, Anneliese Crueger and
K.R., Aneja. Scientific international Private Limited
Practicals
1. Estimation of Milk protein-Pynes method
2. DMC of milk sample
3. Isolation of Normal flora from Milk and curd
4. Production of amylase from Aspergillus niger
5. Demonstration of Mushroom cultivation
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Programme: B.Sc. Biotechnology Semester: VI

Course: Genetic Markers & Forensic Biotechnology Course Code: BH.USBT603

Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme (Theory)

Lecture Practical Tutorial Credits Continuous End Semester Examination
(Periods (Periods (Periods (Theory+ Internal (ESE)
per week) per week per week Practical) Assessment
per per (CIA)
batch) batch) (CIA-I & II)

04 04 NIL 2.5+1.5=4 20+20=40 (Marks: 60)

Course Objectives: The objective of this course is to understand
• The role of human blood group system and DNA based authentication in Forensic
Biotechnology

Course Outcomes: By the end of the course the student will be able to
• Develop an understanding of the various aspects of forensically significant blood group systems
and its inheritance pattern
• Develop an understanding of DNA Sample collection, processing and preservation
• Understand significance of Forensic DNA typing system.

Units Detailed descriptions Lecture

period /unit
• Genetic markers - Classical markers with examples (2L)
• DNA markers RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSR, SNP (5L) 15
UNIT I
• DNA Barcoding-Markers & Methodology (4L)
Genetic • Recent advances, Benefits, Limitations (2L)
markers • Application of Molecular Markers (2L)

• Maxam Gilbert’s method, Sanger’s dideoxy method, (2L)

• Automated DNA sequencing, Pyrosequencing (2L) 15
UNIT II
• Single cell sequencing Mi RNA sequencing (2L)
Sequencing • RNAi, ZNF (Zinc finger nucleases) (2L)
• TALENS (Transcription Activator Like Effector Nucleases)
(2L)
• CRISPR-Cas system (Clustered Regularly Interspersed
Repeats) (3L)

• Sample collection and preservation (2L)

• Human blood group systems.
UNIT III 15
• History, biochemistry and genetics of ABO, Rh, Mn and
Forensic other forensically significant blood group systems (2L)
Genetics • Methods of ABO blood grouping (absorption inhibition,
mixed agglutination and absorption elution) from blood
stains and other body fluids/stains (2L)
• New approaches in bloodstain grouping (1L)
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

• Blood group specific ABH substances (1L)

• Secretors and non- secretors (1L)
• Blood groups that make racial distinctions (1L)
• Lewis’s antigen (1L)
• Bombay Blood groups (1L)
• HLA antigens and HLA typing (1L)
• Role of sero-genetic markers in individualization and paternity
disputes. (2L)

• Forensic DNA typing system

• RFLP, Amp-RFLP. (2L)
UNIT IV 15
• STR. Mini STR. Y-STR. XSTR. Single Nucleotide
Forensic Polymorphism. STR allele nomenclature. STR loci of
DNA typing Forensic significance. STR kits. (3L)
• STR typing: Manual and Capillary Electrophoresis (3L)
• Gender identification. (1L)
• Interpretation of the DNA typing results. CODIS, Statistical
evaluation of DNA typing results and preparation of reports
(3L)
• RNA and its application in Forensics (1L)
• Emerging molecular techniques in Forensics (2L)

TOTAL 60
References:
• Goodwin, William; “An Introduction to Forensic Genetics”, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2007.
• Kothari, Manu L; “Essentials of Human Genetics”, University Press (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2009.
• Rudin, Norah; “An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis”, CRC Leviw Publishers, 2002.
• Vij, Krishan; “Basics of DNA and Evidentiary Issues”, Jaypee Brothers, 2004.
• Mark A. Farley & James J. Harrington; “Forensic DNA Technology”, CRC Press, 1991
Practicals:
1. ABO grouping from hair root.
2. Rh grouping of bloodstains.
3. MN grouping of blood stains
4. Quantitative Analysis of DNA
5. DNA Extraction from biological samples (Blood and other body fluids and tissues) using
Organic (Phenol-Chloroform) Method.
6. DNA Extraction from biological samples using Chelax Method.
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Programme: B.Sc. Biotechnology Semester: VI

Course: Environmental Biotechnology Course Code: BH.USBT604
Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme (Theory)
Lecture Practical Tutorial Credits Continuous End Semester Examination
(Periods (Periods (Periods (Theory+ Internal (ESE)
per week) per week per week Practical) Assessment
per per (CIA)
batch) batch) (CIA-I & II)

04 04 NIL 2.5+1.5=4 20+20=40 (Marks: 60)

Course Objectives:
• To develop an understanding about different types of waste and different methods and strategies
to treat the industrial effluent
• To give knowledge of bioremediation, a sustainable method to safeguard environment from
environmental pollution
• To have firm foundation of fundamentals of biogas technology, biofuels and renewable sources
of energy

Course Outcomes:
• Student would be learning characteristics of the waste, different bioreactors used for waste
treatment and scheme of waste treatment at the industrial level with representative examples.
• Student will be able to develop an understanding about various biofuels and its production.
They will be able to develop an understanding about biogas and its manufacturing process.
• Students learns the various strategy to safeguard environment in an ecofriendly way

INDEX

Units Detailed descriptions Lecture

period /unit
UNIT I • Types of waste, Wastewater treatment- introduction, biological
Processes processes for industrial effluent treatment, chemical properties 15
and influencing biodegradability, microorganisms in biodegradation,
Bioreacto
aerobic biological treatment- activated sludge process, CASP,
rs for
waste advanced activated sludge processes, Biological filters (5L)
treatment • RBC, FBR, Anaerobic biological treatment- contact digesters,
packed bed reactors, anaerobic baffled digesters, UASB (5L)
• Solid waste management (5L)

UNIT II • Use of immobilized enzymes or microbial cells for treatment (2L)

Strategies • Use of packaged organisms and genetically engineered organisms 15
of waste in waste treatment (2L)
treatment
• Microbial systems for heavy metal accumulation (3L)
• Techniques used for heavy metal removal biosorption by bacteria,
fungi, algae (3L)
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

• Bioremediation: Microbial and phytoremediation (5L)

UNIT III • Characteristics and degradation of waste generated from

Industrial • Tanning industry (2L) 15
effluent • Petroleum industry (3L)
managem
• Paper & pulp industry (2L)
ent
• Dairy (2L)
• Distillery (2L)
• Antibiotic industry (2L)
• Food processing industry (2L)

• Energy sources renewable – solar energy, wind power, geothermal

UNIT energy and hydropower, biomass energy (5L) 15
IV • Biogas technology- biogas plant & types, biodigester. Biogas-
composition, production and factors affecting production, uses
Renew-
(5L)
able
sources • Biofuels – ethanol production. Microbial hydrogen production
of Biodiesel, Petrocrops (5L)
energy

TOTAL 60
References:
• Environmental Biotechnology Allan Scragg Oxford University press
• Environmental Biotechnology (Basic concepts and applications) Indu Shekar Thakur IK
International
• Environmental Biotechnology (Industrial pollution management) S.D. Jogdand Himalaya
Publishing House
• Environmental Biotechnology, M.H. Fulekar 1st ed, CRC press

Practical:
1. Isolation of heavy metal (Cd) tolerating Study the effect of heavy metals on the growth of
bacteria.
2. Estimation of chromium from Effluents (Demonstration)
3. Assessment of total standard plate count in wastewater (any industry)
4. Assessment of total coliform count in wastewater (any industry)
5. Role of fungal system in decolorisation of effluent
6. Visit to ETP/ CETP
7. Visit to biogas plant
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Programme: B.Sc. Biotechnology Semester: VI

Course: Fundamentals of Drug Designing Course Code: BH.USBT605
Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme (Theory)
Lecture Practical Tutorial( Credits Continuous End Semester Examination
(Periods (Periods Periods (Theory+ Internal (ESE)
per week) per week per week Practical) Assessment
per per (CIA)
batch) batch) (CIA-I & II)

04 04 NIL 2+2=4 20+20=40 (Marks: 60)

Course Objectives:
• The objective of this course is to make the students acquire the knowledge of drug designing and
targeting and its molecular interaction in vivo
• The students also will understand the basic concepts of pharmacology and toxicology

Course Outcomes: By the end of the course the student will be able to
• understand the concept of pharmacology Drug designing and its fate once delieverd
.
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

INDEX

Units Detailed descriptions Lecture

period
/unit
• Mechanism of drug action (3L)
• Drug receptors and biological responses (3L) 15
UNIT I
• Second-messenger systems, the chemistry of drug–receptor
General binding (3L)
Principles of • Dose–response relationship: therapeutic index; ED, LD (3L)
Pharmacology • Potency and Intrinsic Activity (2L)
• Drug antagonism (1L)

15
UNIT II • Drug Molecule designing and development (3L)
Drug designing • Drug discovery (2L)
• Computer aided drug designing (4L)
• Molecular modelling (3L)
• In silico drug drsigning (3L)

• Absorption of drugs from the alimentary tract (2L)

• Factors affecting rate of gastrointestinal absorption (2L)
UNIT III 15
• Absorption of drugs from lungs and skin (2L)
Drug Absorption • Absorption of drugs after parenteral administration (2L)
and Distribution • Factors influencing drug distribution (3L)
• Binding of drugs to plasma proteins (2L)
• Physiological barriers to drug distribution (2L)

• Background Definitions (1L)

• Causation: degrees of certainty Classification (2L)
UNIT IV 15
• Causes Allergy in response to drugs (2L)
• Effects of prolonged administration: chronic organ toxicity
(1L)
Toxicology • Adverse effects on reproduction (1L)
• Poisons: Deliberate and accidental self-poisoning (1L)
• Principles of treatment Poison-specific measures General
measures (2L)
• Specific poisonings: cyanide, methanol, ethylene glycol,
hydrocarbons, volatile solvents, heavy metals, herbicides and
pesticides, biological substances (3L)
• Incapacitating agents: drugs used for torture (1L)
• Nonmedical use of drugs (1L)
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

TOTAL 60
References:
• Modern Pharmacology with clinical Applications Craig,C.R, Stitzel,R.E 6thedition (2003)
• Clinical Pharmacology Bennet, PN,Brown,M.J, Sharma,P 11thedition Elsevier (2012)
• Biochemistry Metzler, D.E Elsevier (2003)

Practicals :
1. Estimation of LD50 using model organisms
2. Drug molecule designing using bioinformatics tools
3. Drug targetting using bioinformatics tools
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Examination pattern for:

Theory:
• The question paper for the Term End Exam would be of 60 marks consisting of 4
Questions (15M each), of which one question would be common for all units in the
syllabus.
• There shall continuous internal assessment of 40 marks for each paper.
• CIA assignments would consist of survey, paper review, paper writing or analytical report
submission.

Practical:
o Each student to perform 2 major and 2 minor practicals for Sem V and 2 major
and project presentation for Sem VI
o Viva would be conducted during the practical during Sem V; Sem VI would have
ONLY project presentation
o Distribution of marks for the experiments carried out during the examination:
o Sem V (50M/ paper): Major: 20M; Minor: 10M; Viva: 10M; Journal 10M.
o Sem VI (50M/paper): Major (x2): 40M; Journal: 10M; Project 50M
o The report could be around 25-30 pages with appropriate referencing and
formatting.
o Marks distribution for the project would be as follows:
o 25M documentation, 15M presentation, 10 M viva and interactions;
o Students would undertake a project for 1-2 months during the last semester for 50
M.
o The project should include either of the following:
• One/ more major instrumentation OR
• One / more major technique/s required in the field of interest
 BHAVAN’S COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS), SYLLABUS FOR TYBSc BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023-2024

Rubrics of evaluation for ESE

Unit Knowledge Understanding Analysis & critical Total marks /

thinking Unit
1 06 06 03 15
2 06 06 03 15
3 06 06 03 15
4 06 06 03 15
Total per 24 24 12 60
objective
% weightage 40 40 20 100

Rubrics of evalution for CIA-2 assignment

Parameters Max 80-100% 60-80% 40-60% 20-40% 0-20%

marks Excellent Good Satisfactory Poor very poor
Content 10
Content : 02
Introduction
Content : 03
Development
Content : 03
Conclusion
Content : 02
Bibilography &
Acknowledgement
Effective 10
presentation /
Research skills
Language, Style 05
and structure
Aids 05
Total 40