LESSON

Solving Problems Related to

1 Other Geometric Figures in
Coordinate Plane

What I Need to Know

This module is the application on how the distance between two points can
be derived by applying the Pythagorean theorem and use distance formula, and
midpoint formula in solving geometric figures in Cartesian plane. This will also
enhance your knowledge of distances between two points and how to get the
lengths of segments and sides of polygons.

This module is written for you to:

1. apply the distance formula in finding lengths of segments, and
2. solve problems that are application of the distance and midpoint formula.

To find the solution, perform the following activity. If you find any difficulty in
solving the exercises, seek assistance from your teacher or a friend or refer to the
modules you have studied before this. You may check your answer with the
answer key given at the last part of this module.

What I Know
Answer the following questions below to check your understanding on
the lessons given in this module.

1. If the coordinate of point K is - 2 , and the coordinate of point L is 3, what is

the length of ?
2. Find the distance between the points A(5, 5) and B(9,8).
3. Find the coordinate of the midpoint X of the segments whose endpoints are
a. C(0, 6) and D(8, 0) b. E(4, -3) and F(4, 3)
4. The coordinates of the vertices of a quadrilateral are (6, 0), (2, 3), (3, -4) and
(-1, -1). What kind of quadrilateral is formed when you connect the vertices?

What do you think is the importance of this activity to your new lesson? Find
this out as you go through this lesson.
 What’s In
The Distance Formula

When you refer to the distance between any two points on the plane, either
horizontally, vertically or any other positions, then what you mean is getting the
length of the segment joining the two points.

The horizontal distance and vertical distance of two points or length of a

segment is always a unique positive real number. That is why we use the symbol
││for absolute value.

If x1 and x2 are the coordinates of A and B respectively on a horizontal number

line, then the distance between A and B is denoted by and if y1 and
y2 are the coordinates of E and F respectively on a vertical number line, then the
distance between E and F is denoted by .

If the given segment on a coordinate plane is neither horizontal nor vertical, let
us consider point C(x1, y1) and D(x2, y2) be two points on a coordinate plane. You
may use this formula .

The Midpoint Formula

The midpoint of a segment is a point that divides a segment into two (2)
congruent segments or you can say that the midpoint of a segment should lie
between the endpoints of the segments and the three points must be collinear.

How do you get the midpoint of the segment on the coordinate plane?

1. For the horizontal segments, the y-coordinate is the same. Since point M lies
between the two endpoints and in the middle, the x-coordinate of M is the
average of the x-coordinates of the two endpoints of the segment and the

y-coordinate. So, the coordinates of M are .

2. For the vertical segments, since the two endpoints have the same x-

coordinate, then the formula is .

3. To get the coordinates of the segment on the coordinate plane which is

neither horizontal nor vertical. If A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) are any two points in
a coordinate plane, then the midpoint of has coordinates

the Midpoint Formula.

 What’s New

Activity 1: How far can you go? Answer what is asked in the problem.

1. Find the distance between each pair and the coordinates of the midpoint of the
segment whose endpoints are given below.
A. (3, 0) and (7, 6) B. (-2, -3) and (-6, 9) C. (8, 1), (-5, 5)

2. Find the perimeter of a triangle whose vertices are at the given points A(2, 3),
B(5, 7), C(0, 1).

3. If A is the midpoint of , determine the coordinates of A if the coordinates of

the endpoints are M(-4, -3) and N(5, 7).

What Is It

Directions: Solve the following problems. Sketch the figure if needed. Show
your complete solution.

Example 1. Find the distance and coordinate of the midpoint x of the segments
whose endpoints are: (3, 0), (7, 6)

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the Ordered pairs Point (3,0) ,x1=3, y1=0
given. (3, 0) and (7,6) Point (7,6), x2=7, y2=6

Step 2. Illustrate the Graph the given points to

figure. (7, 6) the Cartesian plane.

(3, 0)

Step 3. Solve the Substitute the values

distance between the and simplify.
two points using
 .

Step 4. Find the Substitute the values of

coordinates of the each given and simplify.
midpoint of the two
points
using

Step 5. Conclusion Distance between the

two points.

Coordinates of the
Midpoint
Example 2. Find the distance and coordinate of the midpoint x of the segments
whose endpoints are: (-2, -3), (-6, 9).

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the Ordered pairs Point (-2, -3), x1=-2, y1=-3
given. (-2, -3), (-6, 9) Point (-6, 9), x2=-6, y2=9

Step 2. Illustrate the x Graph the given points.

figure. (-6, 9)

(-2, -3)

y
Step 3. Solve the Substitute the values of
distance between the each given and simplify.
two points using
. -6-(-2)= -6+2= -4

9-(-3)= 9+3 = 12

Step 4. Find the Substitute the values of

coordinates of the each data given and
midpoint of the two simplify.
points
using

Step 5. Conclusion Distance between the

two points.

Midpoint

Example 3. Find the distance and coordinate of the midpoint x of the segments
whose endpoints are: (8, 1), and (-5, 5).

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the Ordered pairs Point (8, 1), x1= 8,
given. (8, 1), (-5, 5) y1= 1
Point (-5, 5), x2= -5,
y2= 5

Step 2. Illustrate the Graph the given

figure. y points.
(-5, 5)

(8, 1)

x
Step 3. Solve the Substitute the
distance between the values of each data
two points using given and simplify.
.

Step 4. Find the Substitute the

coordinates of the values of each data
midpoint of the two given and simplify.
points
using

Step 5. Conclusion Distance between

the two points.

Midpoint

Example 4. Find the perimeter of a triangle whose vertices are at the given points
A(6, 3), B(5, 7), C(0, 1).

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the Ordered pairs Triangle has 3 sides
given. A(6, 3), B(5, 7), C(0, 1) side AB, side BC and side
AC.

To find the perimeter, you

have to add the length of the
3 sides of a triangle.

Step 2. Illustrate the y Graph the given points

figure. to the Cartesian
coordinate plane.

A
 x
C

Step 3. Solve each side Given:

using the distance A(6, 3), x1 = 6, y1= 3
formula B(5, 7), x2= 5, y2= 7

B(5, 7), x1 = 5, y1= 7

C(0, 1), x2= 0, y2= 1

A(6, 3), x1 = 6, y1= 3

C(0, 1), x2= 0, y2= 1

Factor 40 in which one of the

factors is a perfect square.

=2

Step 5. Conclusion To get the perimeter of a

triangle, add all the
length of the sides.

Example 5. If A is the midpoint of MN , determine the coordinates of A if the

coordinates of the endpoints are M(-4, -3) and N(5, 7).

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the M(-4, -3) and N(5, 7) Endpoints of
given.
Find the coordinates of
the midpoint A.
Step 2. Illustrate the Graph the given points.
figure. y N

Step 3. Find the Substitute the values of

coordinates of the each data given and
midpoint of the two simplify.
points M(-4, -3), x1 = -4, y1= -3
using N(5, 7), x2= 5, y2= 7
.

Step 5. Conclusion The midpoint of is

Did you get the five correct answers? If yes, you can continue in the next activities
to practice more.

What’s More

If you have understood the given examples, try to answer the following using
the format above.

Activity 1. Guided Exercises

Answer the following:

1. Find the midpoint of a segment whose endpoints are (5, -1) and (10, 15).

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the Ordered pairs Point (5, 1),
given. (5, 1), (10, 15) x1= 5, y1= 1

Point (10, 15),

x2= 10, y2= 15

What is asked? Find the midpoint.

Step 2. Find the Substitute the

coordinates of the values of each data
midpoint of the two given and simplify.
points using

Step 5. Conclusion Midpoint of the

segment joining
pts. (5, 1), (10, 15)

2. What kind of a triangle is it with vertices R(1, 4), O(-3, 3) and B(3, 1)?

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the Vertices of a triangle For side
given. R(1, 4), O(-3, 3) and B(3, 1).
x1= 1, y1= 4
x2= -3, y2= 3

For side
x1= 1, y1= 4
x2= 3, y2= 1

For side
x1= -3, y1= 3
x2= 3, y2= 1

What is asked?
Identify what kind
of a triangle is
given.
Step 2. Solve the Substitute the
distance between the values of each data
two points using given and simplify.
For side
.
x1= 1, y1= 4
x2= -3, y2= 3

For side
x1= 1, y1= 4
x2= 3, y2= 1

For side
x1= -3, y1= 3
x2= 3, y2= 1

Step 3. Conclusion Based on the

result, there are no
equal sides, then
the triangle given is
Scalene triangle.

3. M(3, 5) is the midpoint of , if the coordinates of A are (10, 8), find the
coordinates of X.

Solution:
 Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the M(3, 5) midpoint of A segment has an
given. endpoint A and X,
A (10, 8)
M is the midpoint.

Step 2. Solve the Substitute the

coordinates of X, use values of each data
the midpoint formula given and simplify.

M(3, 5)
.

A (10, 8)
x1= 10, y1= 8

X(x, y)
Let x2= x, y2= 2

Concept of Midpoint
=3 =5 formula

Cross multiply
10 +x=(2)(3) 8+y=2(5)
Combine similar terms
10+x = 6 8+y = 10

x = 6-10 y = 10-8

x = -4 y=2

Step 5. Conclusion X(x, y) = (-4, 2) Therefore, the

coordinates of X
are (-4, 2)

4. What will be the length of the radius of a circle, if the endpoints of the diameter
are (10, 7) and (3, 1)?

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the Ordered pairs Endpoint of a
given. (10, 7) and (3, 1) diameter

What is asked? What is the length

of a radius?

Step 2. Solve the Substitute the

distance between the values of each data
two points using given and simplify.
.
(10, 7)
x1= 10, y1= 7

(3, 1)
 x2= 3, y2= 1

solve first the

length of the
diameter

Step 3. Conclusion , diameter Since radius is half

of a diameter then
.

Note: is
not a perfect
square. Simplify
and calculate only
if needed.

5. The length of is 15 units. Suppose the coordinates of R are (9, -7) and the
coordinates of T are (x, 2). What is the value of x if T lies on the first quadrant?

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the is 15 units Find the x-value of
given. point T that lies in
QI, meaning x is
R(9, -7),
positive.
T(x, 2), lies in Q I
Step 2. Solve the
distance between the Substitute the values
two points using of each data given
and simplify.
. 15
Square both sides, to
remove the radical
sign.

Transpose

225- 81 = 144

Find a number that if

Then, you square it the
result is 144.

12+ 8 = x

Therefore x = 20

Step 3. Conclusion x = 20 The x value of

point T is 20.
Activity 2. Answer the following questions using the format above.

1. Find the perimeter of a quadrilateral whose vertices are M(-2,2), I(5, 2), L(4, -3)
and K(-3, -3). What kind of a quadrilateral is MILK?

2. The endpoints of the base of an isosceles triangle are L( 2, 2) and M(4, -1). Find
the midpoint of the base.

3. M(-1, -3) is the midpoint of . If the coordinates of S are (-3, 2), find the
coordinates of T.

4. The vertices of ∆XYZ are X(1, 4), Y(6, 2) and Z(-2, -8). Find the length of
Midpoint.

5. Which sides of ∆ABC are equal, if the coordinates of the vertices are A(1, 5),
B(3, 1), and C(-3, 3)?

How is the activity? I hope you are doing great! If you have difficulty following the
given examples, do not hesitate to ask your teacher.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Solve the following problems. Show your complete solution in your
activity notebook or in one whole sheet of paper.

1. Show that X(1, -1) is the midpoint of the segment with endpoints A(4, 1) and
B(-2, -3).

2. Find the coordinates of the midpoint of each side of a triangle with vertices at
(3, 5), (7,-3) and (-1, 1).

3. A line segment 5 units long has one of its ends at (3, 1). The y-coordinate of
the other end is 5. Find its x-coordinate.

4. Draw a triangle with vertices ( 6, 3 ), ( 2, 7 ), ( 10, 7 ). What kind of triangle is

it?

5. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment whose endpoints are (-1,
6) and (11, 2)?
 What I Can Do

Directions: Read and understand the situations below and solve the problem. Show
your complete solution. Use your activity notebook as your answer sheet.

1. A tracking device in a car indicates that it is located at a point whose coordinates

are (17, 14). In the tracking device, each unit on the grid is equivalent to 3 km. How
far is the car from its starting point whose coordinates are (1, 2)?
2. What is the distance between the two racing cars with the location points in the race
track (coordinate plane) of (-3, -3) and (7, 1)?

3. A new transmission tower will be put up midway between two existing towers. On a
map is drawn a coordinate plane. The coordinates of the first existing tower are (-5, -4)
and the coordinates of the second existing tower are (9, 10). What are the coordinates
of the point where the new tower will be placed?

4. The coordinates of a rectangle are H(3, 5), E(3, 1), L(11, 1) and P(11, 5). What is the
length of a diagonal of the rectangle?

5. The coordinates of the boundaries of a triangular shape of land are T(-1, -3), O(7, 5),
and P(7, -2). What are the lengths of each sides?

Rate your score! If your score is:

11-15 You are doing great! You may proceed to the next… after reviewing the missed items.

6-10 You are doing good, but you need to review your missed items.

1-5 You need to study harder. Ask help from your teacher or parents or a friend. Go back to
the given examples.

Assessment

Directions: Read and understand the situations below and solve the problem. Show
your complete solution and write your final answer on the space provided for before
the number.

_______________ 1. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment whose

endpoints are (-5, -2) and (11, 10)?

_______________ 2. What is the distance between the points M(-2, 5) and N(6, 3)?

_______________ 3. The coordinates of the vertices of a triangle are T(-2, 5), O(-2, -3),
and P(7, 6). What is the length of the segment joining the midpoint of and P?
_______________ 4. A tracking device attached to a kidnap victim prior to his abduction
indicates that he is located at a point whose coordinates are (8, 10). In the tracking
device, each unit on the grid is equivalent to 5 km. How far is the tracker from the
kidnap victim if he is located at a point whose coordinates are (3, -2)?

_______________ 5. A canteen will be constructed midway between two school

buildings. On a school map, drawn on a coordinates plane, the location of the first
building is (1, 3) and the other one is located at (17, 11). How far would the canteen be
from the first building?

Additional Activities

Directions: Read and understand the situations below and solve the problem. Show
your complete solution and write your final answer on the space provided for before
the number.

_______________ 1. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment whose

endpoints are (0, 7 ) and (-8, -1)?

_______________ 2. What is the distance between the points O(3, 6) and P(2, -5)?

_______________ 3. Find the perimeter of a triangle whose vertices are (3, 0), (0, 4),
and ( 6, -4).
_______________ 4. A tracking device attached to a kidnap victim prior to his abduction
indicates that he is located at a point whose coordinates are (0, 4). In the tracking
device, each unit on the grid is equivalent to 2 km. How far is the tracker from the
kidnap victim if he is located at a point whose coordinates are (6, -4)?

_______________ 5. A Library will be constructed midway between two classroom

buildings. On a school map, drawn on a coordinates plane, the location of the first room
is (3, 1) and the other one is located at (11, 17). What will be the coordinates of the
Library location in the school map?
 LESSON Solve Problems related to
2 Equation of a Circle in
Coordinate Plane
2
What I Need to Know

The goal of this section is to test further your understanding of the problems
related to geometric figures on coordinate plane by solving more challenging
problems. After doing the following activities, you should be able to find out how the
previous lessons are used in solving real-life problems and in making decisions.

This lesson is written for you to:

a. apply the equation of a circle both in Standard Form and General Form,
b. solve problems that are related to equation of a circle given the center and
radius, and
c. analyze and solve problems involving geometric figures in the coordinate
plane.

What I Know

Directions: Solve the following problems. Sketch the figure and show the complete
solution.

A. Give the center and the radius of each circle.

1. x2 + y2 = 25
2. x2 + (y – 3)2 = 121
3. (x – 7)2 + (y – 5)2 = 18

B. Write the equation of the circle with:

4. center at (3, -1) and tangent to the x-axis,
5. a circle is tangent to both axes and the radius at the first quadrant is 3 units.

Was it easy for you to determine the equation given the center, radius and other data? How
is the given example related to the new lesson? You will discover as you go through this
lesson.
 What’s In
Equation of Circles on Coordinate Plane

You knew from the previous lesson that the set of all points equidistant from a
fixed point is called a circle. The fixed point is called the center. If the circle is on
the Cartesian coordinate plane, the distance formula will lead us to write an
algebraic condition for a circle.

In the figure, if A has coordinate (x, y), and the

center is located at the origin, then using the distance
formula it will give us

By squaring both sides,

Thus, the equation of a circle with center at (0, 0) and radius r in standard
form is . Equation 1

In the coordinate plane given above, center C has

coordinates (h, k) and radius r. By Pythagorean
Theorem, the distance from the center of the circle to
a point A(x, y) on the circle can be solved. This will
also give us the standard form of the equation of a
circle.

=r

= r, square both sides

The standard form of the equation of the circle with center at (h, k) and
radius r is

. equation 2
 The standard form of the equation of a circle with center at C(h, k) and radius
r can be presented in another form. This is done by squaring the binomials and
simplifying the results.

By assigning capital letters D, E and F to represent the constants, the

equation will now assume this general form.

. equation
3

After going through this module, you should be able to demonstrate

understanding of the key concepts of plane coordinate geometry, particularly the
equation of a circle and its graph. Also, you should be able to solve problems
involving circles on coordinate plane using the three equation given above.

What’s New

Let’s explore!

Activity 1. Problem Solving.

Solve the following problems. Sketch the figure and show the complete solution.

1. Find the equation of the circle whose center is the origin and the radius is 3.

2. Find the equation of a circle with center at (1, 5) and a radius of 3 units.

3. Find the equation of a circle whose center is at (4, 2) and is tangent to y-axis.

4. Find the radius and the center of the circle given its equation
x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y -12 = 0.

5. Write the equation of the circle with center at (-8, 5) and passing through
A(- 6, 4) in General form.
 What Is It

Directions: Problem Solving. Solve the following problems. Sketch the figure and
show the complete solution.

Example 1. Find the equation of the circle whose center is the origin and the radius
is 3.

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the r=3 Given are radius and the
given. center – (0,0) center is (0, 0). It is
located at the origin.
Step 2. Illustrate the
figure. y Sketch the figure in
Cartesian plane.

(0, 0)
x

Step 3. Identify the Since the center of the

possible equation to be circle is located at the
used. center of the coordinate
plane, the equation 1 is
used.

Step 4. Substitute the Replace r by its value

value needed in the which is 3.
equation.

Step 5. Simplify the 32 = 3 3 = 9, therefore

equation in step 4.
the equation of a circle is
.

Example 2. Find the equation of a circle with center at (1, 5) and a radius of
3 units.

Solution:
 Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the r=3 Given are radius and
given. center (1, 5) the center (1, 5), where
h=1 (x value) and
k=5 (y value).

Step 2. Illustrate the y

figure.

Sketch the circle on the

r plane.
(1, 5)

Step 3. Identify the Since the center of the

possible equation to be . circle is not located at
used. the center of the
coordinate plane,
equation 2 is used.

Step 4. Substitute the Substitute the following

value needed in the . values in the standard
equation. form:
h = 1, k = 5, and r = 3.

Step 5. Simplify the 32 = 3 3 = 9, therefore,

equation in step 4.
the equation of a circle is
.

Example 3. Find the equation of a circle whose center is at (4, 2) and is tangent to
y-axis.

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the center (4, 2) center (4, 2), where
given. circle is tangent to y-axis h=4 (x value) and
k=2 ( y value)
Step 2. Illustrate the Since the circle is tangent
figure. to y-axis, the radius of
the circle is perpendicular
to y-axis. It also means
that the length of the
radius is also the length
of the perpendicular
segment from the center
of the circle to y –axis.
From the figure, you can
determine that the point
of tangency is at (0, 2).
To find the length of the
radius, use the distance
formula or simply count
how many units from the
center to the point of
tangency.

Step 3. Identify the . Since the center of the

possible equation to circle is not located at the
be used. center of the coordinate
plane, equation 2 is
used.

Step 4. Substitute . Substitute the following

the value needed in values in the standard
the equation. form
h = 4, k = 2, and r = 4.

Step 5. Simplify the 42 = 4 4 = 16, therefore,

equation in step 4.
the equation of a circle is

Example 4. Find the radius and the center of the circle given its equation
x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y -12 = 0.

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify , The given is the
the given. General equation.

We can’t find the

radius and the
center if the
equation is in
general form,
meaning we
convert it first to
standard form.
Step 2. Change Let us isolate the
the equation to constant term at
Standard the right side of
equation form. the equal sign by
applying the
addition property
of equality.

Then group the

terms with x
together and those
with y together.

Complete each
group like in
=9 completing the
square by adding
the third term of
the trinomial.
Note that what you
added to each
=4
group should be
added also to the
right side of the
equation.
(Application of
addition property
of equality)

Rewrite each
perfect trinomial
square into
binomial factors.

Step 3. Since
the equation is
in center-radius
form, then we The center is at (2,
can determine . 3) and the radius is
the coordinates 5 units (
of the center
and the radius
of the circle.

Example 5. Write the equation of the circle with center at (-8, 5) and passing
through A(- 6, 4) in a General Form.

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify center (-8, 5) center (-8, 5), where
the given. passing through point A(-6, 4) h=-8 (x value) and
k=5 (y value)

point A(-6, 4).

Step 2. Illustrate This is because the

the figure. circle is passing
through point A,
then the distance
from the center to A
is the length of the
radius of the circle
to the point of
tangency.

Step 3. Calculate We need to identify

first the radius. first the radius so
that we can use the
equation in standard
form in converting it
to general equation
form.

Step 4. Substitute the

Substitute the following values in
.
value needed in the standard form
the standard h = -8, k = 5, and
equation form. r= .
Step 5. Expand the equation.
Simplify/Change
the equation in
step 4 to general Remove the grouping
symbol(parenthesis).
equation form.
Transpose to the left
side of equal sign.

Combine similar terms

and arrange each
terms into general
form.
 What’s More

Activity 1. Guided exercises

1. Determine the center and the radius of the circle that is defined by the
equation (x - 6)2 + (y - 5)2 = 81.

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the
given. (x - 6)2 + (y - 5)2 = 81 A standard equation of a
circle.

What is asked? Find the center (h, k) and

the radius r.

Step 2. Standard
equation of a circle. (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 Compare the given
equation and the
Standard form equation.

Step 3. The (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 h = 6, k = 5

equation is in center- (x - 6)2 + (y - 5)2 = 81
radius form, then we
can determine the solve for r,
coordinates of the r2 = 81
center and the radius r= transpose the exponent 2
of the circle.
r=9

Step 4. Conclusion Center (h, k) = (6, 5) Based from the equation

Radius r = 9 given above, h = 6 and
k = 5.

2. Write the equation x2 + (y - 5)2 = 36 in general equation form.

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the
given. x2 + (y - 5)2 = 36 Change it in a form of
General equation.

What is asked? General equation form

Step 2. Change the
equation to General x2 + (y - 5)2 = 36 Given
equation form.
x2 + (y - 5)2 = 36 Expand (y - 5)2

x2 + y2 -10y + 25 = 36 -10y= 2(-5)(y)

25 = (-5)2

x2 + y2 -10y + 25 - 36 = 0 Transpose 36/add -36

both sides of the
equation to remove 36.

x2 + y2 -10y - 11 = 0 Combine similar terms

25 – 36 = -11

Step 3. Conclusion x2 + (y - 5)2 = 36 Standard form

is equivalent to to

x2 + y2 -10y - 11 = 0. General Equation

3. Convert x2 + y2 -2x -8y -47 =0 to standard form?

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the
given. x2 + y2 -2x -8y -47 =0 The given equation is in a
form of General equation.

What is asked? Change it to Standard

Form

Step 2. Change the

equation to Standard x2 + y2 -2x -8y -47 =0 Given
equation form.
x2 + y2 -2x -8y -47 =0 Transpose the constant
term at the right side of the
equal sign by applying the
x2 + y2 -2x -8y -47 + 47 =0+ 47
addition property of
x2 + y2 -2x -8y = 47 equality.

(x2 -2x)+ (y2 -8y) = 47 Group the terms with x

together and those with y.

(x2 -2x +1)+(y2 -8y + 16) = 47+1+16 Complete each group like in
completing the square by
(x2 -2x +1)+(y2 -8y + 16) = 64 adding the third term of the
 trinomial. Note that what
you added to each group
should also be added to the
right side of the equation.
(Application of addition
property of equality)
(x - 1)2 +(y - 4)2 = 64
Rewrite each perfect
trinomial square into
binomial factors.

Step 3. Conclusion x2 + y2 -2x -8y -47 =0 General form

is equivalent to to

(x - 1)2 +(y - 4)2 = 64 Standard Equation

4. The diameter of a circle is 12 units and its center is at (3, -8). What is the
equation of a circle?

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the 12 units diameter
given.
(3, -8) Center h=3, k=-8

What is asked? What is the equation of a

circle?
Use Standard form
because of the given.

Step 2. Substitute all Radius is needed to

the given from the radius = complete the equation.
equation.

r=
Standard form

Substitute h, k and r.

Step 3. Conclusion Equation of a circle in

Standard Form.

5. A line passes through the center of a circle and intersect it at points (2, 3) and
(8, 7). What is the equation of the circle?

Solution:
Steps Figure Expression Discussion
Step 1. Identify the points (2, 3) and (8, 7) Points in a circle.
given.
A line passes through the center of Diameter definition
a circle. (diameter)

What is asked? We used standard form

because of the given.
Step 2. Find the A line passes through
equation of a circle. the center of a circle is a
diameter where the
endpoint are (2, 3) and
(8, 7).
a. Solve for To solve for diameter, we
diameter. used distance formula.

b. Find the value radius = =

of radius

(2, 3), x1= 2, y1= 3

c. Find the center
of the circle, use
(8, 7), x2= 8, y2= 7
the two endpoint of
the diameter.

Center =(h, k) = (5, 5)

Step 3. Determine
the equation of a Replace h, k and r
circle.

Simplify

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Equation of the circle

Activity 2. Guided Assessment

Directions: Evaluate the following and write the letter of the correct answer on the
space provided for before each number.
____ 1. A cellular signal can transmit messages up to a distance of 4km. If the cell
signal’s origin is located at a point whose coordinates are (9, 4), what is the equation of
the circle that defines the boundary up to which the messages can be transmitted?

____ 2. Write the equation of the circle with center at (3, -1) and tangent to the y-axis.

____ 3. Write the equation of a circle with center at (-5, -3) and passing through (3, 6).

____ 4. The line segment joining ( -2, 5) and (-2, -3) is a diameter of a circle. What is the
radius of a circle?

____ 5. A circle is tangent to both axes and the radius at the first quadrant is 8 units.

Now that you know the important ideas about this topic, let us deepen your
understanding by moving on to the next part.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Solve the following problems. Sketch the figure and show the complete
solution.

_______________ 1. What is the center and radius of a circle if the given equation
is x 2 + (y - 4)2 = 121?

_______________ 2. Give the radius of equation of a circle, x2 + y2 = 169.

_______________ 3. Write the equation of the circle with center at (-3, 9) and
tangent to the x-axis.

_______________ 4. Write the equation of a circle with center at (7, 6) and

passing through (2, 5).

_______________ 5. A circle is tangent to both axes and the radius at the first
quadrant is 2 units.

How was the activity? Were you able to determine the center and the radius?
In the next activity, you’re going to answer questions that involve real – life
situation.
What I Can Do
Directions: Solve the following and find out more. Write your final answer on the
space provided for before each number.

____________________1. Write the equation of the circular table with center at (-3, 8)
and the diameter is 18 units, where 1 unit is equivalent to 1 foot.
_____________________ 2. Write the equation of a circle with center at (2, 3) and
passing through (8, 7).

_____________________ 3. The Municipal Disaster and Risk Reduction Management

Committee (MDRRMC) advised the residents living within the 15 km radius critical area to
evacuate due to typhoon Tiban. On the map that is drawn on coordinate plane, the
coordinates corresponding to the location on where the landfall of the typhoon is (3, 4). If
each unit on the coordinate plane is equivalent to 1 km, what is the equation of the circle
enclosing the critical area?

_____________________ 4. Refer to number 3, suppose you live at point (11, 2). How far
are you in the critical area?

_____________________ 5. Television networks used towers to transmit signal to a

circular area. On the grid of a city, the coordinates that correspond to the location of the
towers and the radius each covers are as follows: Torres Tower is (-5, -3) covers a 9 km
radius: and Love Tower is at (3, 6) covers a 4 km radius. Which television network transmit
signal to subscriber located at (14, 2)?

Did you find the activity challenging? Were you able to answer all the
questions and problems involving the equation of a circle? I am sure you
were.
Now that you have a deeper understanding of this topic, you are ready
for the assessment.

Assessment

Directions: Multiple Choice. Choose the correct answer. Write only the letter on the
space provided for before each number.

____ 1. A cellular signal can transmit messages up to a distance of 2km. If the cell
signal’s origin is located at a point whose coordinates are (3, 8), what is the equation of
the circle that defines the boundary up to which the messages can be transmitted?
A. x2+y2-6x-16y-69=0 B. x2+y2+6x+16y+69=0
2 2
C. x +y +6x+16y-69=0 D. x2+y2-6x-16y+69=0

____ 2. Write the equation of the circle with center at (-3, 2) and tangent to the y-axis.
A. B.
C. D.
____ 3. Write the equation of a circle with center at (--4, -2) and passing through (1, 7).
A. B.
C. D.

____ 4. The line segment joining ( 3, -1) and (-3, 7) is a diameter. What is the radius?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 8

____ 5. A circle is tangent to both axes and the radius at the first quadrant is 3 units.
A. B.
C. D.
____ 6. Find the equation of a circle with center at (7, 1) and a radius of 3 units.
A. x2+y2-14x-2y+41=0 B. x2+y2-14x-2y-41=0
2 2
C. x +y +14x+2y+41=0 D x2+y2+14x+2y-41=0

____ 7. Find the radius and the coordinates of the center of the circle given the equation
x2 + y2 -2x -8y - 47 = 0.
A. 3, (4, 1) B. 4, (4, 1) C. 5, (1, 4) D. 8, (1, 4)

____ 8. The diameter of a circle is 10 units and its center is at (-3, 4). What is the
equation of the circle?
A. B.
C. D.

____ 9. Write an equation of a circle with radius of 4 and center at (1, 7).
A. x2+y2-2x-14y+34=0 B. x2+y2-2x+14y-34=0
2 2
C. x +y +2x-14y-34=0 D. x2+y2-2x-14y-34=0

____ 10. A circle defined by the equation (x – 2)2 + (y – 6)2 = 25. What is D, E, and F in
general form of the equation?
A. D=-4, E= -12, F=15 B. D= 4, E= 12, F= 15
C. D=-4, E= -12, F=-15 D. D= 4, E= 12, F=-15

Additional Activities

Directions: Solve the following and find out more. Write your final answer on the
space provided for before each number.

____________________1. Write the standard equation of the circular table with center at
(-3, 8) and the diameter is 18 units, where 1 unit is equivalent to 1 foot.

_____________________ 2. Write the equation of a circle with center at (2, 3) and

passing through (8, 7).

_____________________ 3. The Municipal Disaster and Risk Reduction Management

Committee (MDRRMC) advised the residents living within the 15 km radius critical area to
evacuate due to typhoon Nene. On the map that is drawn on coordinate plane, the landfall
location is on (3, 4) coordinates. What is the general equation of the circle enclosing the
critical area?

_____________________ 4. Refer to number 3, suppose you live at point (6, 0). What is
your distance from the location of the landfall?

_____________________ 5. Television networks used towers to transmit signal to a

circular area. On the grid of a city, the coordinates of Maxx Tower are (-5, -3) covers a 9
km radius. What general equation of a circle represents the transmission boundaries of
Maxx tower?
 Summary
The distance between two points on the plane is the length of the segment
joining the two points.
For horizontal distance between points A and B, the formula to be used is
= │x2 – x1│, where the y-coordinate is the same.
For vertical distance between points A and B, the distance is denoted by
= │y2 – y1│, where the x-coordinate is the same.

The distance between two points A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) is given by the formula
= (x2 −x1)2 + (y2 − y1)2 .

The midpoint of a segment is a point that divides the segment into two congruent
segments. The midpoint of a horizontal segment can be determined by the formula
.
The midpoint of a vertical segment is determined by the formula

The midpoint M of a segment whose endpoints are A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) is given by
the formula

The set of all points equidistant from a fixed point is called a circle. The fixed
point is called the center.
1. The standard form of equation of a circle with center at the origin and radius r is
x2 + y2 = r2.

2. The standard form of equation of a circle with center at (h, k) and radius r is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.

3. The general form of equation of a circle is x2 + y2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0.

4. The existence of a circle depends upon the value of square of the radius/r2.
Assessment: (Post-Test)
Directions: Find out how much you already knew about this module. Choose the
correct ans letter that you think best answers each of the following questions.

1. A map is drawn on a grid where 1 unit is equivalent to 1 km. On the same map, the
coordinates of the point corresponding to San Nicolas is (1, 4). Suppose Sinangguyan is
20 km away from San Nicolas. Which of the following could be the coordinates of the
point corresponding to Sinangguyan?
A. (17, 16) B. (17, 10) C. (9, 10) D. (-15, 16)

2. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment whose endpoints are (-5, 2)
and (9, 12)?
A. (7, 5) B. (2, 7) C. (-7, 5) D. (7, 2)

3. What is the distance between the points M(5, 7) and N(5, -4)?
A. B. C. D.

4. Three speed cameras were installed at different points along an expressway. On a

map drawn on a coordinate plane, the coordinates of the first speed camera are (-2, 4).
Suppose the second camera is exactly between the other two and its coordinates are
(12, 8). What are the coordinates of the third speed camera?
A. (26, 12) B. (26,16) C. (22, 12) D. (22,16)

5. The distance between points M(x, 5) and C(5, -1) is 10units. What is the x-coordinate
of M, if it lies in the second quadrant?
A. -7 B. -3 C. -1 D. 4

6. The coordinates of the vertices of a triangle are T(-4, 2), O(5, -1), and P(10, 8). What
is the length of the segment joining the midpoint of and O?
A. B. C. D.

7. What figure is formed when the points M(-2, 10), I(8, 8), L(6, 2), , and K(-4, 4) are
connected consecutively?
A. Parallelogram B. Trapezoid C. Square D. Rectangle

8. A tracking device that is installed in a mobile phone indicates that its user is located
at a point whose coordinates are (18, 14). In the tracking device, each unit on the grid is
equivalent to 7 km. If the phone user came from a place whose coordinates are (2, 6)?
How far has he travelled?
A. B. C. D.

9. A radio signal can transmit messages up to a distance of 5 km. If the radio signal’s
origin is located at a point whose coordinates are (-2, 7), what is the equation of the
circle that defines the boundary up to which the messages can be transmitted?
A. B.
C. D.

10. The endpoints of a diameter of a circle are L(-6, 8) and M(4, -2). What is the length of
the radius of the circle?
A. B. C. D.

11. Which of the following equation describes a circle on the coordinates plane with a
center at (2, -3) and a radius of 5 units?
 A. B.
C. D.

12. The line segment joining ( -10, 2) and (6, 10) is a diameter. What is its length?
A. 16 B. 20 C. D.

13. A circle is tangent to both axes and the radius at the first quadrant is 4 units.
A. B.
C. D.

14. Find the equation of a circle with center at (5, 1) and a radius of 10 units.
A. x2+y2+10x+2y+74=0 B. x2+y2-10x-2y+74=0
2 2
C. x +y -10x-2y-74=0 D. x2+y2+10x+2y-74=0

15.The equation that represents the transmission boundaries of a cellular phone tower is
x2+y2-10x+2y-199=0. What is the greatest distance, in kilometer, can the signal of the
tower be transmitted?
A. 5km B. 15km C. 20km D. 25km
Pre- Assessment
1. B
2. D
3. B LESSON 2
4. A What I Know
5. D 1. (0, 0); r=5
6. A 2. (0, 3); r= 11
7. A 3. (7, 5); r =
8. C
9. D 4. (x – 3)2 + (y + 1)2 = 1
10. A
11. C 5. . (x – 3)2 + (y - 3)2 = 9
12. A
13. B What’s More
14. A 1. (x – 9)2 + (y - 4)2 = 16
15. D 2. . (x – 3)2 + (y + 1)2 = 9
3. . (x + 5)2 + (y + 3)2 = 145
LESSON 1 4. 4
What I Know 5. . (x – 8)2 + (y - 8)2 = 64
1.
2. What I Have Learned
3. a. (4, 3) 1. (0, 4); r =11
2. r = 13
b. 4, 0) 3. .(x + 3)2 + (y - 9)2 = 81
4. .(x – 7)2 + (y - 6)2 = 26
4. square 5. . (x – 2)2 + (y - 2)2 = 4
What’s More, Activity 2 What I Can Do
1. 1. .(x + 3)2 + (y - 8)2 = 81
2. 2. . (x – 2)2 + (y - 3)2 = 52
3. . (x – 3)2 + (y - 4)2 = 225
3. (1, -8) 4.
5. Love Tower
4.
5. Lesson 1. Assessment
1. D 6. A
What I Have Learned 2. A 7. D
1. 3. A 8. C
4. C 9. A
2. (5, 1); (3, -1); (1, 3) 5. B 10. A
3. x = 0, x = 6
4. Isosceles Triangle Additional Activities
5. (5, 4) 1. (x + 3)2 + (y - 8)2 = 81
2. (x – 2)2 + (y - 3)2 = 52
What I Can Do 3. x2 + y2 - 6x - 8y - 200 = 0
1. 60km 4. 5
2. 5. x2 + y2 + 10x + 6y - 47 = 0
3. (2, 3)
4. Summative Test
5. 1. A or D
2. B
3. C
Lesson 1. Assessment 4. A
1. (3, 4) 5. B
2. 6. A
3. 7. A
4. 65km 8. C
5. 5 9. C
10. C
Additional Activities 11. B
1. (-4, 3) 12. D
2. 13. A
3. 20 14. C
4. 10km 15. B
5. (7, 9)
Key to Answers
References

CALLANTA, CANONIGO, ET. AL. (2015). Mathematics 10-Learners Module. Quezon City,
Philippines. Rex Book Store, Inc.

Web Links: Distance Formula and Midpoint Formula

https://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/math/geometry/GCG2/indexGCG2.htm

https://www.cliffnotes.com/math/geometry/coordinate-geometry/midpoint-formula

Web Links: Equation of a Circle

https://www.mathopenref.com/coordbasiccircle.html

https://www.mathopenref.com/coordgeneralcircle.html

https://www.math-worksheet.org/using-equation-of-circles

For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education –Learning Resources Management and

Development Center(LRMDC)

DepEd Division of Bukidnon

Sumpong, Malaybalay City, Bukidnon
Telefax: ((08822)855-0048
E-mail Address: bukidnon@deped.gov.ph

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