^^ The average value of the lower and upper limit of a class is called_________

@@ Class Frequency

@@ Class interval

@@ Mid-point~

@@ Class boundary

^^ A histogram is a set of adjacent__________

@@ triangles

@@ rectangles~

@@ squares

@@ circles

^^ A graph of frequency distribution is_________

@@ Histogram~

@@ Graph

@@ Ogive

@@ Pie chart

^^ One of the distinctions between a population parameter and a sample statistic is__________

@@ A population parameter is only based on conceptual measurements, but a sample statistic is based on a
combination of real and conceptual measurements.

@@ A sample statistic changes each time you try to measure it, but a population parameter remains fixed ~

@@ A population parameter changes each time you try to measure it, but a sample statistic remains fixed
across samples.

@@ The true value of a sample statistic can never be known but the true value of a population parameter
can be known.

^^A magazine printed a survey in its monthly issue and asked readers to fill it out and send it in. Over 1000
readers did so. This type of sample is called________

@@ a cluster sample.

@@ a self-selected sample~

@@ a stratified sample.

@@ a simple random sample

^^Which of the following would most likely produce selection bias in a survey?
@@ Using questions with biased wording

@@ Only receiving responses from half of the people in the sample

@@ Conducting interviews by telephone instead of in person.

@@ Using a random sample of students at a university to estimate the proportion of people who think that
the legal drinking age should be lowered~

^^Which one of the following variables is not categorical?

@@ Age of a person~

@@ Gender of a person

@@ Choice on a test item

@@ Marital status of a person

^^A list of 5 pulse rates is: 70, 64, 80, 74, 92. What is the median for this list?

@@ 74~

@@ 76

@@ 77

@@ 80

^^Pick the choice that best completes the following sentence. If a relationship between two variables is
called statistically significant, it means the investigators think the variables are_________

@@ related in the population represented by the sample~

@@ not related in the population represented by the sample

@@ related in the sample due to chance alone

@@ very important

^^The sampling technique in which every element of the population has an equal, non-zero probability of
being selected is called_________

@@ Probability Sampling~

@@ Convenience Sampling

@@ Purposive Sampling

@@ Quota Sampling

^^Which of the following points do not reflect statistics?

@@ It describes methods of collecting quantitative data

@@ It can be inferential

@@ It describes methods for analyzing quantitative data

@@ It describes ways of analyzing qualitative data~

^^What is the first stage in statistics?

@@ Identify the group of people to be studied~

@@ Summarize data

@@ Organize data

@@ Collect data

^^Which of these measures can be used to present an average for data?

@@ Mean, beta and normal distribution

@@ Standard deviation, range and mean

@@ Mean, median and mode~

@@ Median, range, normal distribution

^^What is probability?

@@ The dispersion of the data

@@ The central tendency

@@ The likelihood that something occurs due to chance~

@@ The likelihood that your results are true.

^^If there is a probability of 5%, in how many cases would a result arise solely due to chance?

@@ 5/100~

@@ 0.0005

@@ 10/100

@@ 1/50
^^What is the conventional level of significance typically adopted in psychology?

@@ P < 0.5

@@ P > 0.01

@@ P < 0.05~

@@ P > 0.01

^^If your results say that the p value is < 0.001. What can you conclude?

@@ There was not a significant result, this would have only arisen 10/100 through chance

@@ There was a significant result and this would have only arisen 1/100 through chance~

@@ That there was a significant relationship

@@ There was not a significant result and the null hypothesis can be rejected

^^Which of these statements reflect a null hypothesis?

@@ Women will score higher than men on empathy

@@ As temperature increases so too will the level of aggression

@@ There will be a significant difference between group 1 and group 2

@@ Older adults will have worse memories than younger adults~

^^ Accepting a false null hypothesis is an example of __________

@@ Significance testing

@@ Type II error~

@@ Probability testing

@@ Type 1 error

^^ Incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis is an example of ________

@@ Participant bias

@@ Type II error

@@ Probability testing

@@ Type 1 error~
^^ What name is given to data which is made up of frequencies?

@@ Normally distributed data

@@ Ordinal data

@@ Categorical data~

@@ Ratio data

^^ What name is given to data which can be ranked?

@@ Ratio data

@@ Ordinal data~

@@ Interval data

@@ Categorical data

^^What name is given to data which is on a continuous scale with a neutral zero?

@@ Categorical data

@@ Ordinal data

@@ Interval data

@@ Ratio data~

^^Which of the following findings is NOT a correlation?

@@ Women scored higher than men on narcissism~

@@ As download prices increase sales will decrease

@@ As testosterone increases so too does verbal aggression

@@ As temperature increases ice-cream sales will also increase

^^The stages of a malignant disease (cancer) is recorded using the symbols 0, I, II, III, IV. It can be
said that the scale used is:

@@ Alphanumeric

@@ Numerical

@@ Ordinal~

@@ Nominal

^^ A fundamental statistical indicators is_________

@@ Mean~
@@ Median

@@ Variance

@@ Mode

^^ The average of a series of numerical values is________

@@ The sum of the values divided by their number~

@@ Lower than the minimum value in the series

@@ Higher than the maximum value in the series

@@ An indicator of mean for the values of the series

^^ Standard deviation__________

@@ Is the square root of variance~

@@ Is measured using the unit of the mean

@@ Is measured using the squared unit of the mode

@@ Has values generally comparable with the average value

^^ If the average of a series of values is 10 and their variance is 4, then the coefficient of
variation (= the ratio standard deviation / average ) ___________

@@ 40%

@@ 20%~

@@ 80%

@@ 10%

^^ Having two sets of data, we can compare their scattering as follows

@@ For approximately equal average values, the one with a higher standard deviation is

close

@@ For approximately equal standard deviation values, the one with a higher average is more
scattered

@@ For approximately equal standard deviation values, the one with a higher average is more
scattered

@@ If both the averages and standard deviation differ much between the series, we can
compare scattering using the coefficient of variation~

^^ The median of a series of numerical values is________

@@ equal to the average

@@ a graph or chart

@@ a number~

@@ a frequency table

^^ Which of the following is TRUE about the median?

@@ A value for which half of the values are higher and half of the values are lower~

@@ The value located exactly midway between the minimum and maximum of the series

@@ The most commonly encountered values among the series

@@ A measure of the eccentricity of the series

^^ If a series of values consists of 21 numbers, then, for finding the median, the series can be
ordered in ascending position using________

@@ The 11th value in the ordered series~

@@ The mean between the 10th and 11th values

@@ The mean between the 11th and 12th values

@@ The 10th value in the ordered series

^^ The first quartile of a series of values is_________

@@ The value in the ordered series located at 15% of the number of values in the series

@@ The value of the ordered series located at 75% of the number of values in the series

@@ The numeric value for which a quarter of the series’ values are lower~

@@ The numeric value for which a quarter of the series’ values are higher

^^ A frequency polygon is__________

@@ A statistical indicator that shows the scattering of a series of values

@@ A graph represented by a broken line, in the absolute frequencies of classes of a data

series~

@@ A graph that contains exactly the same information as the corresponding bar chart

@@ A graph that contains less information than the corresponding histogram

^^ Which of the following is a parametric test?

@@ ANOVA~

@@ Student
@@ Wilcoxon

@@ Kruskal-Wallis

^^ In the result of a statistical test, denoted ‘P’ shall be interpreted as follows_______

@@ The null hypothesis H0 is rejected if p<0.05~

@@ The null hypothesis H0 is rejected if p>0.05

@@ The alternate hypothesis H1 is rejected if p>0.05

@@ The null hypothesis H0 is accepted if p<0.05

^^ If, after performing a student test for comparison of means, we obtain p=0.0256, then

@@ We reject H0 and accept H1~

@@ We accept H0

@@ We reject H1

@@ We cannot decide s

^^ The branch of biostatistics that deals with methods of collection, organization and presentation
of data is called ______________

@@ inferential biostatistics

@@ descriptive biostatistics~

@@ comparative biostatistics

@@ none of the options

^^ The branch of biostatistics that deals with testing of hypothesis, making predictions using
data collected is called_________

@@ Inferential biostatistics~

@@ Descriptive biostatistics

@@ Comparative biostatistics

@@ None of the options

^^ In biostatics, group of individuals taken for study is called________

@@ Block

@@ Population~

@@ Group
@@ Flock

^^ The characteristics or quantity that may differ from one individual to another is
called______

@@ Static group

@@ Variable~

@@ Dynamic group

@@ Dynamism

^^ Variables whose values CAN be expressed numerically are called_______

@@ Quantitative variables~

@@ Qualitative variables

@@ Absolute variables

@@ Continuous variables

^^ Flower colour is a_________

@@ Quantitative variables

@@ Qualitative variables~

@@ Absolute variables

@@ Continuous variables

^^ Variables whose values CANNOT be expressed numerically are called

@@ Quantitative variables

@@ Qualitative variables~

@@ Absolute variables

@@ Continuous variables

^^ Quantitative variables that has only fixed or finite values are called_______

@@ Quantitative variables

@@ Discrete variable~

@@ Absolute variables

@@ Continuous variables

^^ The height of students in a class is a_________

@@ Quantitative variables

@@ Discrete variable

@@ Absolute variables

@@ Continuous variables~

^^ Quantitative variables that can have any numerical value are called________

@@ Fixed variables

@@ Discrete variables

@@ Absolute variables

@@ Continuous variables~

^^ The number of fruits in a tree is a________

@@ Quantitative variable

@@ Discrete variable~

@@ Absolute variable

@@ Continuous variable

^^A numerical value used as a summary measure for a sample, such as sample mean, is known as
a__________

@@ population parameter

@@ sample parameter

@@ sample statistic~

@@ population mean

^^Since the population size is always larger than the sample size, then the sample statistic________

@@ can never be larger than the population parameter

@@ can never be equal to the population parameter

@@ can never be zero

@@ none of the options is correct~

^^The mean of a sample is___________

@@ always equal to the mean of the population

@@ always smaller than the mean of the population

@@ computed by summing the data values and dividing the sum by (n - 1)

@@ computed by summing all the data values and dividing the sum by the number of items~

^^The sum of the percentage frequencies for all classes will always be equal to ________

@@ one

@@ the number of classes

@@ the number of items in the study

@@ 100~

^^In a five number summary, which of the following is NOT used for data summarization?

@@ the smallest value

@@ the largest value

@@ the median

@@ the 25th percentile~

^^ A sub set of population, chosen with the intention of finding out something about the population is
________

@@ Mean

@@ Standard deviation

@@ Sampling

@@ Sample~

^^ A numerical value used as a summary measure for a sample, such as sample mean, is known as
a___________

@@ population parameter

@@ sample parameter
 @@ sample statistic~

@@ population mean

^^ MIS is an example of a__________

@@ population parameter~

@@ sample statistic

@@ population variance

@@ mode

^^ Since the mode is the most frequently occurring data value, it________

@@ can never be larger than the mean

@@ is always larger than the median

@@ is always larger than the mean

@@ must have a value of at least two~

^^The following data show the number of hours worked by 200 statistics students.

Number of Hours Frequency

0- 9 40

10 - 19 50

20 - 29 70

30 - 39 40

What is the class width for this distribution?

@@ 9

@@ 10~

@@ 11
 @@ varies from class to class

^^The following data show the number of hours worked by 200 statistics students.

Number of Hours Frequency

0- 9 40

10 - 19 50

20 - 29 70

30 - 39 40

What is the number of students working 19 hours or less?

@@ is 40

@@ is 50

@@ is 90

@@ cannot be determined without the original data~

^^The following data show the number of hours worked by 200 statistics students.

Number of Hours Frequency

0- 9 40

10 - 19 50

20 - 29 70

30 - 39 40
 The relative frequency of students working 9 hours or less is_______

@@ 2

@@ 45~

@@ 40

@@ none of the options is correct.

^^ The difference between the largest and the smallest data value is _______

@@ variance

@@ interquartile range

@@ range~

@@ coefficient of variation

^^ Which of the following is NOT a measure of central location?

@@ mean

@@ median

@@ variance~

@@ mode

^^ If a data set has an even number of observations, the median_________________

@@ cannot be determined

@@ is the average value of the two middle items

@@ must be equal to the mean

@@ is the average value of the two middle items when all items are arranged in ascending
order~
^^ The sum of deviations of the individual data elements from their mean is_________________

@@ always greater than zero

@@ always less than zero

@@ sometimes greater than and sometimes less than zero, depending on the data elements

@@ always equal to zero~

^^ The value that has half of the observations above it and half the observations below it is called
the___________________

@@ range

@@ median~

@@ mean

@@ mode

^^ The most frequently occurring value of a data set is called the_________________

@@ range

@@ mode~

@@ mean

@@ median

^^ In a sample of 800 students in a university, 160, or 20%, are Business majors. Based on the
above information, the school's paper reported that "20% of all the students at the university are Business
majors." This report is an example of_________________

@@ a sample

@@ a population

@@ statistical inference

@@ descriptive statistics~

^^ A statistics professor asked students in a class their ages. On the basis of this information, the
professor states that the average age of all the students in the university is 21 years. This is an example
of______________
 @@ a census

@@ descriptive statistics

@@ an experiment~

@@ statistical inference

^^ A tabular summary of a set of data showing the fraction of the total number of items in several
classes is a______________________

@@ frequency distribution~

@@ relative frequency distribution

@@ frequency

@@ cumulative frequency distribution

^^ The standard deviation of a sample of 100 observations equals 64. The variance of the sample
equals to___________

@@ 10

@@ 6,400

@@ 4,096

@@ None of the options is correct~

^^ The variance of a sample of 81 observations equals 64. The standard deviation of the sample
equals to__________________

@@ 0

@@ 4096~

@@ 8

@@ 6,561

^^A researcher has collected the following sample data:

5 12 6 8 5
 6 7 5 12 4

The median is____________________

@@ 5

@@ 6~

@@ 7

@@ 8

^^A researcher has collected the following sample data:

5 12 6 8 5

6 7 5 12 4

The mode is_____________________

@@ 5~

@@ 6

@@ 7

@@ 8

^^A researcher has collected the following sample data:

5 12 6 8 5

6 7 5 12 4

The mean is______________________

@@ 5

@@ 6

@@ 7~
 @@ 8

^^A researcher has collected the following sample data:

3 5 12 3 2

If the mean of the sample is 5, what is the variance?

@@ 80

@@ 4.062

@@ 13.2

@@ 16.5~

^^A researcher has collected the following sample data:

3 5 12 3 2

If the mean of the sample is 5, what is the standard deviation?

@@ 8.944

@@ 4.062~

@@ 13.2

@@ 16.5

^^A researcher has collected the following sample data:

3 5 12 3 2

If the mean of the sample is 5, what is the coefficient of variation?

@@ 72.66%

@@ 81.24%~

@@ 264%

@@ 330%
^^A researcher has collected the following sample data:

3 5 12 3 2

If the mean of the sample is 5, what is the range?

@@ 1

@@ 2

@@ 10~

@@ 12

^^A researcher has collected the following sample data:

3 5 12 3 2

If The mean of the sample is 5. what is the interquartile range?

@@ 1

@@ 2~

@@ 10

@@ 12

^^The following is the frequency distribution for the speeds of a sample of automobiles traveling on an
interstate highway:

Speed

Miles per Hour Frequency

50 - 54 2

55 - 59 4

60 - 64 5

65 - 69 10

70 - 74 9

75 - 79 5
 35

The mean is _________________

@@ 35

@@ 670

@@ 10

@@ 67~

^^The following is the frequency distribution for the speeds of a sample of automobiles traveling on an
interstate highway:

Speed

Miles per Hour Frequency

50 - 54 2

55 - 59 4

60 - 64 5

65 - 69 10

70 - 74 9

75 - 79 5

35

The variance is______________________

@@ 6.969

@@ 7.071

@@ 48.570~

@@ 50.000

^^The following is the frequency distribution for the speeds of a sample of automobiles traveling on an
interstate highway:
 Speed

Miles per Hour Frequency

50 - 54 2

55 - 59 4

60 - 64 5

65 - 69 10

70 - 74 9

75 - 79 5

35

The standard deviation is________________

@@ 6.969~

@@ 7.071

@@ 48.570

@@ 50.000

^^ Which one of the following is not a measure of dispersion?

@@ the range

@@ the 50th percentile~

@@ the standard deviation

@@ the interquartile range

^^ If the variance of a data set is correctly computed with the formula using n - 1 in the denominator,
which one of the following is true?

@@ the data set is a sample

@@ the data set is a population

@@ the data set could be either a sample or a population~

 @@ the data set is from a census

^^ In computing descriptive statistics from grouped data

@@ data values are treated as if they occur at the midpoint of a class

@@ the grouped data result is more accurate than the ungrouped result

@@ the grouped data computations are used only when a population is being analyzed

@@ All of the options are correct~

^^ The measure of dispersion that is influenced most by extreme values is_______________

@@ the variance

@@ the standard deviation

@@ the range~

@@ the interquartile range

^^ When should measures of location and dispersion be computed from grouped data rather than
from individual data values?

@@ as much as possible since computations are easier

@@ only when individual data values are unavailable

@@ whenever computer packages for descriptive statistics are unavailable

@@ only when the data are from a population~

^^ The descriptive measure of dispersion that is based on the concept of a deviation about the mean
is______________

@@ the range

@@ the interquartile range

@@ the standard deviation~

@@ all of the options

^^ What is mode in statistics?

@@ Value of middle observation

@@ Arithmetic mean

@@ Most frequently occurring value~

@@ Difference between the highest and lowest value

^^ In statistics, a sample means__________________

@@ a portion of the sample

@@ a portion of the population~

@@ all the items under investigation

@@ none of the options

^^ The algebraic sum of deviations from mean is______________

@@ Maximum

@@ Zero~

@@ Minimum

@@ Undefined

^^When data are collected in a statistical study for only a portion or subset of all elements of interest we
are using_______

@@ a sample~

@@ a parameter

@@ a population

@@ target population
^^Which branch of statistics deals with the techniques that are used to organise, summarise and present
the data?

@@ advanced statistics

@@ probability statistics

@@ inferential statistics

@@ descriptive statistics~

^^. Statistic is a numerical quantity, which is calculated from _________

@@ population

@@ sample~

@@ data

@@ observations

^^In descriptive statistics, we study _______

@@ the description of decision making process

@@ the methods for organizing, analysing and describing data~

@@ how to describe the probability distribution

@@ none of the options

^^The height of a student is 60 inches. This is an example of --------------

@@ qualitative data

@@ categorical data

@@ continuous data~

@@ discrete data

^^Data in the Population Census Report is _________

@@ grouped data

@@ ungrouped data
@@ secondary data

@@ primary data~

^^Which one is not a measure of dispersion?

@@ the range

@@ 50th percentile~

@@ inter-quartile range

@@ variance

^^Which one of the following measurement does not divide a set of observations into equal parts?

@@ quartiles

@@ standard deviations~

@@ percentiles

@@ median

^^Which one of the following is not based on all the observations?

@@ arithmetic mean

@@ geometric mean

@@ weighted mean

@@ mode~

^^In inferential statistics, we study___________

@@ the methods to make decisions about population based on sample results~

@@ how to make decisions about mean, median, or mode

@@ how a sample is obtained from a population

@@ None of the options

^^In statistics, conducting a survey means__________

@@ collecting information from elements~

@@ making mathematical calculations

@@ drawing graphs and pictures

@@ none of the options

^^You asked five of your classmates about their height. On the basis of this information, you stated that the
average height of all students in your university or college is 67 inches. This is an example of_______

@@ descriptive statistics

@@ inferential statistics~

@@ parameter

@@ population

^^In statistics, a population consists of______

@@ all people living in a country

@@ all people living in the are under study

@@ all subjects or objects whose characteristics are being studied~

@@ None of the options

^^The range of a sample gives an indication of the__________

@@ way in which the values cluster about a particular point

@@ number of observations bearing the same value

@@ maximum variation in the sample~

@@ degree to which the mean value differs from its expected value.

^^The observation which occurs most frequently in a sample is the __________

@@ median

@@ mean deviation
@@ standard deviation

@@ mode~

^^What is the median of the sample: 5, 5, 11, 9, 8, 5, 8 ?

@@ 5

@@ 6

@@ 8~

@@ 9

^^The following scores were obtained by eleven footballers in a goal-shoot competition:

5 3 6 8 7 8 3 11 6 3 2

The modal score was__________

@@ 3~

@@ 6

@@ 8

@@ 11

^^The following scores were obtained by eleven footballers in a goal-shoot competition:

5 3 6 8 7 8 3 11 6 3 2

The median score was__________

@@ 3

@@ 6~

@@ 8
@@ 11

^^ The mean of ten numbers is 58. If one of the numbers is 40, what is the mean of the other nine?

@@ 18

@@ 60~

@@ 162

@@ 540

^^The mean of 11 numbers is 7. One of the numbers, 13, is deleted

What is the mean of the remaining 10 numbers?

a 7.7

b 6.4~

c 6.0

d 5.8

^^Square root of deviation is called__________

@@ Standard deviation~

@@ Standard error

@@ Mean deviation

@@ Range

^^In normal distribution curve, sampling values following mean is equal to_________

@@ Median~

@@ S.D

@@ Variant

@@ 2 x median

^^Which one of these is FALSE about normal distribution curve?

@@ In a normal curve 95% of values is within 1 SD~

@@ The Mean, mode and median coincide

@@ The Median is the mid value

@@ The Mode is the commonest occurring value

^^Shape of a normal curve is __________

@@ symmetrical~

@@ curvilinear

@@ linear

@@ parabolic

^^ The area under normal distribution curve for S.D of 2 is _________

@@ 68%

@@ 95%~

@@ 97.5%

@@ 100%

^^Normal distribution curve is explained using _________

@@ mean and sample

@@ mean and median

@@ median and standard deviation

@@ mean and standard deviation~

^^In a highly skewed distribution, central tendency is better explained by _________

@@ mode~

@@ median
@@ standard deviation

@@ mean

^^Which one of these is FALSE about normal distribution curve?

@@ 95% of values fall within 1 S.D~

@@ The mean, median and mode coincide

@@ The median is the mid value

@@ The mode is the commonest occurring value

^^ In right sided skewed distribution, the__________

@@ median is more than mean

@@ S.D is more than the variance

@@ "Tail" is to the left~

@@ "Tail" is to the right

^^If the mean is 230 and the standard error is 10, the 95% confidence limits will be ________

@@ 210 to 250~

@@ 220 to 240

@@ 225 to 235

@@ 230 + or -210