GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF INNOVATION IN TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT

Computer graphics
PRACTICAL FILE
BCA-373

Nurturing Excellence

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Ms. Vandana Name: Anurag Kumar
(Assistant Professor) Class: BCA III (E2)
Enrolment no: 10424402021
 Institute of Innovation in Technology & Management

Course Name: BCA Semester - V Paper Code: BCA 373

Practical List for Computer Graphics lab

S.No Name of Practical

1. Study and implement various graphics functions and VGA standards.

2. Write a program to draw a line, circle, ellipse, arc, sector, and bar using functions.

3. Write a program to implement functions and draw nested circle and rectangle.

4. Write a program to display a string “Computer Graphics” in centre of the screen.

5. Write a program to display an asterisk on screen.

6. Write a program to display an asterisk inside circle on screen.

7. Write a program to display a coordinate axis.

8. Write a program to make bar chart for students for five years.

9. Write a program to make pie chart for students.

10. Write a program to scan convert a line using DDA algorithm.

11. Write a program to scan convert a line using Bresenham’s algorithm.

12. Write a program to scan convert a circle using Mid Point algorithm.

13. Write a program to scan convert a circle using Bresenham’s algorithm.

14. Write a program to implement Cohen Sutherland line clipping algorithm.

15. Write a program to show translation in 2D

16. Write a program to show scaling in 2D

 17. Write a program to show rotation in 2D

18. Write a program to show reflection in 2D

19. Write a program to design flying colored balloon.

20. Write a program to display sunrise and sunset.

21. Write a program to display a moving vehicle.

22. Write a program to display a view of city.

23. Write a program to show graphic signal with road.

24. Write a program to display an accident scene.

25. Write a program to display a flight or flying bird.

26. Write a program to display a kite flying.

Name & Signature of Faculty Programme Director IQAC Coordinator Director

Program 1: Study and implement various graphics functions and VGA
standards.

Basic functions
cleardevice( ) :- Cleardevice function clears the screen in graphics mode and sets the current
position to (0,0). Clearing the screen consists of filling the screen with current background color.
Declaration:- void cleardevice();

putpixel( ) :- putpixel function plots a pixel at location (x, y) of specified color.

Declaration :- void putpixel(int x, int y, int color);

closegraph( ) :- closegraph function closes the graphics mode, deallocates all memory allocated
by graphics system and restores the screen to the mode it was in before you called initgraph.
Declaration :- void closegraph();

arc( ):- arc function is used to draw an arc with center (x,y) and stangle specifies starting angle,
endangle specifies the end angle and last parameter specifies the radius of the arc. arc function
can also be used to draw a circle but for that starting angle and end angle should be 0 and 360
respectively.
Declaration :- void arc(int x, int y, int stangle, int endangle, int radius);

circle():- Circle function is used to draw a circle with center (x,y) and third parameter specifies
the radius of the circle. The code given below draws a circle.

Declaration :- void circle(int x, int y, int radius);

line():- line function is used to draw a line from a point(x1,y1) to point(x2,y2) i.e. (x1,y1) and
(x2,y2) are end points of the line.The code given below draws a line.

Declaration :- void line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2);

outtextxy ():-outtextxy function display text or string at a specified point(x,y) on the screen.

Declaration :- void outtextxy(int x, int y, char *string);

x, y are coordinates of the point and third argument contains the address of string to be
displayed.

rectangle ():-rectangle function is used to draw a rectangle. Coordinates of left top and right
bottom corner are required to draw the rectangle. left specifies the X-coordinate of top left
corner, top specifies the Y-coordinate of top left corner, right specifies the X-coordinate of right
bottom corner, bottom specifies the Y-coordinate of right bottom corner. The code given below
draws a rectangle.

Declaration :- void rectangle(int left, int top, int right, int bottom);

setbkcolor ():- setbkcolor function changes current background color e.g.

setbkcolor(YELLLOW) changes the current background color to YELLOW.
Remember that default drawing color is WHITE and background color is BLACK.

Declaration :- void setbkcolor(int color);

delay():- Cause a pause in execution of the program 1000ms= 1 second.

Syntax :- delay(100);

Standards of computer graphics

• GKS (Graphical Kernel System)

• PHIGS (Programmer's Hierarchical Interface for Graphics)
• CORE (ACM-SIGGRAPH)
• GKS-3D
• IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification)
• DXF (Drawing Exchange Format)
• STEP (Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data)
• DMIS (Dimensional Measurement Interface Specification)
• VDI (Virtual Device Interface)
• VDM (Virtual Device Metafile)
• GKSM (GKS Metafile)
• NAPLPS (North American Presentation Level Protocol Syntax)

GKS (Graphical Kernel System)

The main objectives that were put forward for GKS are:

– To provide the complete range of graphical facilities in 2D, including the interactive
capabilities,
– To control all types of graphic devices such as plotters and display devices in a consistent
manner,
– To be small enough for a variety of programs.
IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification)

IGES is the most comprehensive standard and is designed to transmit the entire product
definition including that of manufacturing and any other associated information.

Sub Sections in IGES

1. Flag section – Optional ASCII/binary/compressed ASCII.

2. Start section(S) – Man readable prologue.
3. Global section(G) – Details of product, person originating the product, name of the company
originating it, date, details of system which generated it, drafting standard used etc. 4. Directory
section(D) – Index for the file and attribute information like colour, line type etc.
5. Parameter Entry section(P) Geometric entities- Point, line, arc, different surfaces, curves, solid
primitives etc. Annotation entities – Angular dimension, diameter dimension, label, note, etc.
Structure entities – Associativity definition, text font definition, color definition, units data etc.
6. Terminate section – Sub-totals of record in each of earlier sections.

STEP (Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data)

The broad scope of STEP is as follows:

– The standard method of representing the information necessary to completely define a product
throughout its entire life, i.e., from the product conception to the end of useful life.
– Standard methods for exchanging the data electronically between two different systems.

DMIS (Dimensional Measurement Interface Specification)

Dimensional Measurement Interface Specification (DMIS) is a new standard in communication

being established by CAM-I for manufacturing.
Program 2: Write a program to draw a line, circle, ellipse, arc, sector, and bar
using functions.

Code:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\turboc3\\bgi");
circle(90,100,30);
outtextxy(125,100,"circle");
line(350,100,170,140);
outtextxy(380,110,"line");
arc(100,200,200,20,40);
outtextxy(160,200,"arc");
ellipse(260,200,0,360,40,60);
outtextxy(320,200,"ellipse");
sector(100,380,80,50,60,100);
outtextxy(130,360,"sector");
bar(300,380,340,310);
outtextxy(380,360,"bar");
getch();
}
Output:
Program 3: Write a program to implement functions and draw nested circle
and rectangle.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<dos.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main(){
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,r;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
rectangle(80,80,180,180);
rectangle(60,60,200,200);
rectangle(40,40,220,220);
circle(450,150,70);
circle(450,150,50);
circle(450,150,30);
getch();
closegraph();
}

Output
Program 4: Write a program to display a string “Computer Graphics” in
center of the screen.
Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<dos.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main(){
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
x=getmaxx();
y=getmaxy();
outtextxy(x/3,y/3,"COMPUTER GRAPHICS");
getch();
closegraph();
}

Output
Program 5: Write a program to display an asterisk on screen.

Code:

#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
Int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\turboc3\\bgi");
line(225,200,375,200);
line(300,125,300,275);
line(250,150,350,250);
line(350,150,250,250);
getch();
}

Output
Program 6: Write a program to display an asterisk inside circle on screen.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
Int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\turboc3\\bgi");
circle(300,200,75);
line(225,200,375,200);
line(300,125,300,275);
line(250,150,350,250);
line(350,150,250,250);
getch();
}

Output
Program 7: Write a program to display a coordinate axis.

Code:

#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void main(){
int a,b,i;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"//turboc 3\\bgi");
a=getmaxx();
b=getmaxy();
line(a/2,0,a/2,b);
line(0,b/2,a,b/2);
outtextxy(a-50,b/2,"X AXIS");
outtextxy(a/2,b-50,"Y AXIS");
for(i=0;i<a;i+=35){
line(a/2+i,b/2-10,a/2+i,b/2+10);
line(a/2-i,b/2+10,a/2-i,b/2-10);
line(a/2+10,b/2-i,a/2-10,b/2-i);
line(a/2-10,b/2+i,a/2+10,b/2+i);}
getch();
}
Output
Program 8: Write a program to make bar chart for students for five years.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include "conio.h"
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TC\\BGI");
line(80,60,80,380);
line(80,380,550,380);
bar(120,230,170,380);
bar(200,120,250,380);
bar(280,320,330,380);
bar(360,280,410,380);
bar(440,180,490,380);
outtextxy(30,70,"y-axis");
outtextxy(530,390,"x-axis");
outtextxy(130,390,"2010");
outtextxy(210,390,"2011");
outtextxy(290,390,"2012");
outtextxy(370,390,"2013");
outtextxy(450,390,"2014");
getch();
closegraph();
}

Output:
Program 9: Write a program to make pie chart for students.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
intgd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,RED);
pieslice(100,100,0,70,50);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,BLACK);
pieslice(100,100,70,150,50);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,YELLOW);
pieslice(100,100,150,250,50);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,BLUE);
pieslice(100,100,250,300,50);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,GREEN);
pieslice(100,100,300,360,50);
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Program 10: Write a program to scan convert a line using DDA algorithm.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int x1,x2,y1,y2,length,dx,dy,x,y,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\turboc3\\bgi");
printf("ENTER X1 & Y1:-");
scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1);
printf("ENTER X2 & Y2 :-");
scanf("%d%d",&x2,&y2);
if( abs(x2-x1)>=abs(y2-y1) )
{
length=abs(x2-x1);
}
else
length=abs(y2-y1);
dx=(x2-x1)/length;
dy=(y2-y1)/length;
x=x1+0.5;
y=y1+0.5;
i=1;
while(i<=length)
{
putpixel(x,y,WHITE);
x=x+dx;
y=y+dy;
i=i+1;
}
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Program 11: Write a program to scan convert a line using Bresenham’s
algorithm.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int dx,dy,x,y,p,x1,y1,x2,y2;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
printf("enter starting coordinates:-\t");
scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1);
printf("enter ending coordinates:-\t");
scanf("%d%d",&x2,&y2);
dx=x2-x1;
dy=y2-y1;
p=2*(dy)-(dx);
x=x1;
y=y1;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TurboC3\\bgi");
putpixel(x,y,WHITE);
while(x<=x2)
{
if(p<0)
{
x=x+1;
y=y;
p=p+2*(dy);
}
else
{
x=x+1;
y=y+1;
p=p+2*(dy-dx);
}
putpixel(x,y,WHITE);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Program 12: Write a program to scan convert a circle using Mid Point
algorithm.

Code:
#include<stdio.H>
#include<conio.H>
#include<graphics.H>
void main()
{
int xc,yc,R,X,Y,I,P;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\Turboc3\\Bgi");
printf("\nEnter Radius Of The circle:-");
scanf("%D",&R);
printf("Enter Center Of The Circle:-");
scanf("%D%D",&xc, &yc);
P=1-R;X=0;Y=R;
do
{if(P<0)
{X=X+1;
P=P+2*X+1;}
else
{
X=X+1;
Y=Y-1;
P=P+2*X-2*Y+10;}
putpixel(xc+X,yc+Y,1);
putpixel(xc-Y,yc-X,2);
putpixel(xc+Y,yc-X,3);
putpixel(xc-Y,yc+X,4);
putpixel(xc+Y,yc+X,5);
putpixel(xc-X,yc-Y,6);
putpixel(xc+X,yc-Y,7);
putpixel(xc-X,yc+Y,8);}
while(X<Y);
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Program 13: Write a program to scan convert a circle using Bresenham’s
algorithm.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include"conio.h"
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int x,y,xc,yc,i,p,r;
clrscr();
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("enter the radius of circle");
scanf("%d",&r);
printf("enter the circle of circle");
scanf("%d%d",&xc,&yc);
p=3-2*r;
x=0;
y=r;
while(x<=y)
{
putpixel(xc+x,yc+y,1);
putpixel(xc-y,yc+x,2);
putpixel(xc+y,yc-x,3);
putpixel(xc-y,yc+x,4);
putpixel(xc+y,yc+x,5);
putpixel(xc-x,yc-y,6);
putpixel(xc+x,yc-y,7);
putpixel(xc-x,yc+y,8);
if(p<=0)
{
x=x+1;
p=p+4*x+6;
}
else
{
x=x+1;
y=y-1;
p=p+4*x-4*y+10;

}
}
getch();
closegraph();
}

Output
Program 14: Write a program to implement Cohen Sutherland line clipping
algorithm.

Code :

#include"stdio.h"
#include"conio.h"
#include"graphics.h"
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT, gm;
float i,xmax,ymax,xmin,ymin,x1,y1,x2,y2,m;
float start[4],end[4],code[4];
clrscr();
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("\n\tEnter the bottom-left coordinate of viewport: ");
scanf("%f %f",&xmin,&ymin);
printf("\n\tEnter the top-right coordinate of viewport: ");
scanf("%f %f",&xmax,&ymax);
printf("\nEnter the coordinates for starting point of line: ");
scanf("%f %f",&x1,&y1);
printf("\nEnter the coordinates for ending point of line: ");
scanf("%f %f",&x2,&y2);
for(i=0;i <4;i++)
{
start[i]=0;
end[i]=0;
}
m=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1);
if(x1 <xmin) start[0]=1;
if(x1 >xmax) start[1]=1;
if(y1 >ymax) start[2]=1;
if(y1 <ymin) start[3]=1;
if(x2 <xmin) end[0]=1;
if(x2 >xmax) end[1]=1;
if(y2 >ymax) end[2]=1;
if(y2 <ymin) end[3]=1;
for(i=0;i <4;i++)
code[i]=start[i]&&end[i];
if((code[0]==0)&&(code[1]==0)&&(code[2]==0)&&(code[3]==0))
{
if((start[0]==0)&&(start[1]==0)&&(start[2]==0)&&(start[3]==0)&&(end[0]==0)&&(end[1]==0
)&&(end[2]==0)&&(end[3]==0))
{
cleardevice();
printf("\n\t\tThe line is totally visible\n\t\tand not a clipping candidate");
rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
}
else
{
cleardevice();
printf("\n\t\tLine is partially visible");
rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
if((start[2]==0)&&(start[3]==1))
{
x1=x1+(ymin-y1)/m;
y1=ymin;
}
if((end[2]==0)&&(end[3]==1))
{
x2=x2+(ymin-y2)/m;
y2=ymin;
}
if((start[2]==1)&&(start[3]==0))
{
x1=x1+(ymax-y1)/m;
y1=ymax;
}
if((end[2]==1)&&(end[3]==0))
{
x2=x2+(ymax-y2)/m;
y2=ymax;
}
if((start[1]==0)&&(start[0]==1))
{
y1=y1+m*(xmin-x1);
x1=xmin;
}
if((end[1]==0)&&(end[0]==1))
{
y2=y2+m*(xmin-x2);
x2=xmin;
}
if((start[1]==1)&&(start[0]==0))
{
y1=y1+m*(xmax-x1);
x1=xmax;
}
if((end[1]==1)&&(end[0]==0))
{
y2=y2+m*(xmax-x2);
x2=xmax;
}
clrscr();
cleardevice();
printf("\n\t\tAfter clippling:");
rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
}
}
else
{
clrscr();
cleardevice();
printf("\nLine is invisible");
rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Program 15: Write a program to get translation vector from the user and
translate triangle accordingly.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int x,y,x1,y1,x2,y2,tx,ty;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("\n BEFORE THE TRANSLATION:-\n");
printf("ENTER THE COORDINATES OF TRIANGLE:\n");
scanf("%d%d%d%d%d%d",&x,&y,&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);
line(x,y,x1,y1);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(x2,y2,x,y);
printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nENTER TRANSLATION COORDINATES:\n\n");
scanf("%d%d",&tx,&ty);
x=x+tx;
y=y+ty;
x1=x1+tx;
y1=y1+ty;
x2=x2+tx;
y2=y2+ty;
printf("\n\n\nAFTER TRANSLATION:-\n\n\n");
line(x,y,x1,y1);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(x2,y2,x,y);
getch();
closegraph();
}

Output
Program 16: Write a Program to get scaling vector from the user and scale triangle
accordingly.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int x,y,x1,y1,x2,y2,sx,sy;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("\nBEFORE THE SCALING\n");
printf("ENTER THE COORDINATES OF TRIANGLE:\n");
scanf("%d%d%d%d%d%d",&x,&y,&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);
line(x,y,x1,y1);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(x2,y2,x,y);
printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nENTER THE COORDINATES OF SCALING:\n");
scanf("%d%d",&sx,&sy);

x=sx*x;
y=sy*y;
x1=sx*x1;
y1=sy*y1;
x2=sx*x2;
y2=sy*y2;
printf("\n\n\nAFTER SCALING:-\n");
line(x,y,x1,y1);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(x2,y2,x,y);
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Program 17: Write a program to get rotational angle from the user and rotate
triangle accordingly.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int x,y,x1,y1,x2,y2;
float t,r;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("\n\t\tTRIANGLE BEFORE ROTATION\n");
printf("ENTER TRIANGLE AXIS & COORDINATES:-\t");
scanf("%d%d%d%d%d%d",&x,&y,&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);
printf("TRIANGLE IS\t\t\t") ;
line(x,y,x1,y1);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(x2,y2,x,y);
printf("ENTER ANGLE OF ROTATION:-\t");
scanf("%f",&r);
t=r*3.14/180;
x=abs(x*cos(t)-y*sin(t));
y=abs(x*sin(t)+y*cos(t));
x1=abs(x1*cos(t)-y1*sin(t));
y1=abs(x1*sin(t)+y1*cos(t));
x2=abs(x2*cos(t)-y2*sin(t));
y2=abs(x2*sin(t)+y2*cos(t));
printf("\t\tTRIANGLE AFTER ROTATION\n");
line(x,y,x1,y1);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(x2,y2,x,y);
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Program 18: Write a program to implement reflection of a line.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int x1,y1,x2,y2,a;
clrscr();
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("\nenter the coordinates of line");
scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(320,0,320,420);
line(0,240,640,240);
printf("enter 1 for reflection of line to x-axis AND enter 2 for y-axis\n");
scanf("%d",&a);
if(a==1)
{
line(x1+220,y1,x2+220,y2);
}
else if(a==2)
{
line(x1,y1+220,x2,y2+220);
}
else
{
printf("WRONG INPUT");
}
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Program 19: Write a program to design flying colored balloon.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include"conio.h"
#include<dos.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main(){
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,w,z,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
for(i=100;i<=210;i++)
{
delay(5);
cleardevice();
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,BLUE);
circle(150,250-i,40);
line(150,290-i,150,500-i);
floodfill(150,250-i,WHITE);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,YELLOW);
circle(250,250-i,40);
line(250,290-i,250,500-i);
floodfill(250,250-i,WHITE);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,RED);
circle(350,250-i,40);
line(350,290-i,350,500-i);
floodfill(350,250-i,WHITE);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Program 20: Write a program to display sunrise and sunset.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
for(i=0;i<150;i++)
{
delay(30);
cleardevice();
line(0,250,50,200);
line(50,200,100,250);
line(100,250,150,200);
line(150,200,200,250);
line(200,250,250,200);
line(250,200,300,250);
line(300,250,350,200);
line(350,200,400,250);
line(400,250,450,200);
line(450,200,500,250);
line(500,250,550,200);
line(550,200,600,250);
line(600,250,650,200);
setfillstyle(1,YELLOW);
circle(400,200-i,20);
floodfill(400,200-i,WHITE);
}
for(i=0;i<150;i++)
{
delay(30);
cleardevice();
line(0,250,50,200);
line(50,200,100,250);
line(100,250,150,200);
line(150,200,200,250);
line(200,250,250,200);
line(250,200,300,250);
line(300,250,350,200);
line(350,200,400,250);
line(400,250,450,200);
line(450,200,500,250);
line(500,250,550,200);
line(550,200,600,250);
line(600,250,650,200);
setfillstyle(1,YELLOW);
circle(400,50+i,20);
floodfill(400,50+i,WHITE);
}

getch();
closegraph();
}

Output
Program 21: Write a program to display a moving vehicle.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include"conio.h"
#include<dos.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main(){
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,w,z,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
for(i=100;i<=400;i++)
{
delay(10);
cleardevice();
rectangle(400-i,200,600-i,250);
rectangle(480-i,210,510-i,230);//window of car
line(420-i,200,460-i,160);
line(460-i,160,540-i,160);
line(540-i,160,580-i,200);
circle(450-i,250,20);//wheel of car
circle(550-i,250,20); //wheel of car
circle(450-i,250,10);
circle(550-i,250,10);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}

Output
Program 22: Write a program to display a view of city.

Code:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\turboc3\\bgi");
setfillstyle(1,YELLOW);
circle(330,30,25);
floodfill(330,30,WHITE);
line(40,320,100,320);
line(10,370,140,370);
line(40,320,30,340);
line(100,320,110,340);
line(10,340,140,340);
line(10,340,10,370);
line(140,340,140,370);
circle(35,370,10);
circle(35,370,15);
line(10,385,800,385);
circle(110,370,10);
circle(110,370,15);
line(10,350,800,350);
line(10,450,800,450);
line(600,350,600,100);
line(460,350,460,100);
line(600,100,460,100);
rectangle(550,150,580,120);
rectangle(480,150,510,120);
rectangle(550,250,580,220);
rectangle(480,250,510,220);
rectangle(550,350,580,320);
rectangle(480,350,510,320);
line(300,350,300,200);
line(300,200,460,200);
rectangle(300,350,150,10);
rectangle(190,150,250,30);
rectangle(190,350,250,220);
rectangle(350,350,420,250);
rectangle(480,150,510,120);
rectangle(550,250,580,220);
rectangle(480,250,510,220);
rectangle(550,350,580,320);
rectangle(480,350,510,320);
getch();
}

Output
Program 23: Write a program to show graphic signal with road.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include"conio.h"
#include<dos.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main(){
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,w,z;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
line(10,180,getmaxx()/2-100,180);
line(getmaxx()/2+100,180,getmaxx(),180);
line(10,330,getmaxx()/2-100,330);
line(getmaxx()/2+100,330,getmaxx(),330);
line(getmaxx()/2-100,180,getmaxx()/2-100,10);
line(getmaxx()/2+100,180,getmaxx()/2+100,10);
line(getmaxx()/2-100,330,getmaxx()/2-100,580);
line(getmaxx()/2+100,330,getmaxx()/2+100,580);
rectangle(10,240,100,270);
rectangle(140,240,240,270);
rectangle(380,240,480,270);
rectangle(520,240,620,270);
rectangle(280,10,320,100);
rectangle(280,120,320,210);
rectangle(280,290,320,390);
rectangle(280,410,320,490);
line(360,60,360,220);
line(360,60,400,60);
line(400,60,400,220);
line(360,100,400,100);
line(360,140,400,140);
line(360,180,400,180);
setfillstyle(1,RED);
circle(380,80,10);
floodfill(380,80,WHITE);
setfillstyle(1,YELLOW);
circle(380,120,10);
floodfill(380,120,WHITE);
setfillstyle(1,GREEN);
circle(380,160,10);
floodfill(380,160,WHITE);
line(getmaxx()/2-20,getmaxy()/2-20,getmaxx()/2+50,getmaxy()/2-20);
line(getmaxx()/2+50,getmaxy()/2-20,getmaxx()/2+50,getmaxy()/2+20);
line(getmaxx()/2+50,getmaxy()/2+20,getmaxx()/2-40,getmaxy()/2+20);
line(getmaxx()/2-20,getmaxy()/2-20,getmaxx()/2-40,getmaxy()/2);
line(getmaxx()/2-40,getmaxy()/2,getmaxx()/2-40,getmaxy()/2+20);
line(getmaxx()/2-20,getmaxy()/2-20,getmaxx()/2-20,getmaxy()/2+20);
line(getmaxx()/220,getmaxy()/2,getmaxx()/2+50,
getmaxy()/2);
circle(getmaxx()/2-20,getmaxy()/2+20,10);
circle(getmaxx()/2+30,getmaxy()/2+20,10);
getch();
closegraph();
}

Output
Program 24: Write a program to display an accident scene.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include"conio.h"
#include<dos.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main(){
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,w,z,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
for(i=100;i<=200;i++)
{
delay(10);
cleardevice();
line(10,300,getmaxx(),300); // road line
rectangle(10,80,50,180); //red light rectangle
line(30,180,30,300);
setfillstyle(2,RED); //red light stick
circle(30,100,10);
floodfill(30,100,WHITE);
setfillstyle(2,YELLOW);
circle(30,130,10);
floodfill(30,130,WHITE);
setfillstyle(2,GREEN);
circle(30,160,10);
floodfill(30,160,WHITE);
//FIRST CAR
rectangle(400,200,600,250);
rectangle(480,210,510,230);//window of car
line(420,200,460,160);
line(460,160,540,160);
line(540,160,580,200);
circle(450,250,20);//wheel of car
circle(450,250,10);
circle(550,250,10);
circle(550,250,20); //wheel of car

//SECOND CAR
rectangle(400-i,200,600-i,250);
rectangle(480-i,210,510-i,230);//window of car
line(420-i,200,460-i,160);
line(460-i,160,540-i,160);
line(540-i,160,580-i,200);
circle(450-i,250,20);//wheel of car
circle(450-i,250,10);
circle(550-i,250,10);
circle(550-i,250,20); //wheel of car
//ACCIDENT SCENE
circle(400,170,50);
outtextxy(370,160,"ACCIDENT");
}
getch();
closegraph();
}

Output
Program 25: Write a program to display a flight or flying bird.

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include"conio.h"
#include<dos.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main(){
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,w,z,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
for(i=100;i<=500;i++)
{
delay(20);
cleardevice();
line(300+i,100,130+i,100);
line(300+i,100,350+i,150);//diagonal line ryt side
line(350+i,150,100+i,150);//lower line
line(100+i,150,80+i,80);//left side diagonal line
line(80+i,80,130+i,100);//last line of plane
setfillstyle(2,YELLOW);
circle(110+i,110,10);
floodfill(110+i,110,WHITE);

rectangle(150+i,110,180+i,130); //window of aeroplane

rectangle(200+i,110,230+i,130);
rectangle(250+i,110,280+i,130);
setfillstyle(1,RED);
circle(150+i,150,10);
floodfill(150+i,150,WHITE);
setfillstyle(1,RED);
circle(170+i,150,10);
floodfill(170+i,150,WHITE);
setfillstyle(1,RED);
circle(230+i,150,10);
floodfill(230+i,150,WHITE);
setfillstyle(1,RED);
circle(250+i,150,10);
floodfill(250+i,150,WHITE);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Program 26: Write a program to display a kite flying.

Code:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
for(i=100;i<=400;i++)
{
delay(10);
cleardevice();
line(100+i,100,50+i,180);
line(100+i,100,150+i,180);
line(50+i,180,100+i,250);
line(150+i,180,100+i,250);
line(100+i,100,100+i,250);
line(50+i,180,150+i,180);
line(100+i,150,10+i,300);
line(100+i,250,70+i,300);
line(100+i,250,130+i,300);
line(70+i,300,130+i,300);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}

Output