Unit 4: Curriculum Implementation

INTRODUCTION

In this unit, we will explore the critical aspects of curriculum implementation, which
enhance the educational landscapes by aligning the needs of the learners and demands of the
society. There are important roles in implementing the curriculum from various stakeholders
such as teachers, administrators, parents, and the community. The integration of technology will
be discussed as a means to facilitate learning and improve educational outcomes. Additionally,
we will identify and assess potential challenges that may arise during the process of
implementation. By the end of this unit, the students will be equipped with the knowledge and
strategies to effectively implement the curriculum, fostering collaboration and innovation to
create an environment that supports educational excellence.

Goals and Objectives:

a. Exemplify the various roles of education stakeholders for curriculum implementation
b. Delineate the role of technology in implementation of the curriculum
c. Assess the major concerns of implementing the curriculum

A. Teacher’s Role in Curriculum Implementation

● Interpreter of the Curriculum

- Teachers interpret the curriculum's goals and objectives, translating them into
practical lessons that align with their students' needs and abilities.

● Designer of Learning Experiences

- Teachers design and organize learning activities, materials, and assessments
that fit the curriculum's framework. They adapt lessons to suit diverse learning
styles, ensuring all students can engage with the content.

● Facilitator of Learning
- Teachers create a conducive learning environment that encourages exploration,
critical thinking, and active participation. They guide students in understanding
and applying the knowledge and skills outlined in the curriculum.

● Assessor of Student Learning

- Teachers assess students' progress to ensure they meet the curriculum's
standards. They use various assessment tools to gauge understanding, provide
feedback, and adjust instruction as needed.

● Advocate for Curriculum Improvement

 - Teachers provide valuable feedback on the curriculum's effectiveness. They
identify gaps, suggest modifications, and contribute to curriculum development
based on their classroom experiences.

● Model of Lifelong Learning

- Teachers exemplify the importance of continuous learning by staying updated on
educational trends and strategies, which they incorporate into their teaching
practices to improve curriculum delivery.

● Collaborator with Stakeholders

- Teachers work with administrators, parents, and the community to support
curriculum implementation. They ensure that the curriculum aligns with students'
needs and societal expectations.

NOTE: A teacher is a curriculum maker. She\He writes a curriculum daily through a lesson plan,
unit plan or yearly plan.

B. Stakeholders’ Role in Curriculum Implementation

Stakeholders play a critical role in curriculum implementation, each contributing in unique ways
to ensure that the educational objectives are effectively achieved and give life to the curriculum.

● Learners
- Learners are at the center of the curriculum. Their engagement, feedback, and
performance are crucial in shaping the implementation process.
- They interact with the curriculum content and are the primary beneficiaries of its
success.

● Teachers
- As a curriculum maker in the classroom, teachers are responsible for delivering
the curriculum to students.
- They interpret, adapt, and modify the curriculum based on student needs,
ensuring that learning outcomes are met.

● Curriculum managers and Administrators

- They provide the necessary support, resources, and environment for effective
curriculum implementation.
- Their responsibilities encompass planning, supporting, monitoring, and
evaluating the process to ensure it aligns with the educational goals and
standards and ensure that teachers have the training, materials, and time needed
to implement the curriculum successfully. (Ex. Principal)

● Parents and Guardians

 - Parents support curriculum implementation by reinforcing learning at home,
participating in school activities, and providing feedback.
- Their involvement helps bridge the gap between school and home, ensuring a
consistent learning experience.

● Policy Makers
- Government officials and education policymakers set the standards and
regulations that guide curriculum development and implementation.
- They allocate resources, set educational goals, and ensure that the curriculum
aligns with national educational objectives.

● Community Members
- The community plays a supportive role by providing additional resources,
expertise, and opportunities for experiential learning.
- Their involvement can enhance the relevance and effectiveness of the
curriculum.

Other Stakeholders: Educational Researchers, Resource Providers, Other Government Unts

C. The Role of Technology in the Implementation of the Curriculum

The role of technology in curriculum implementation involves using digital tools and resources to
enhance teaching and learning, making the curriculum more accessible, engaging, and
adaptable to students' needs.

NON PROJECTED MEDIA

● Real Objects
● Models
● Field Trips Kits Printed materials (book, worksheets) Visuals (drawing, photographs,
graphs charts, posters
● Visual boards (Chalkboard. white board, flannel board)

PROJECTED MEDIA

● Computer/Multimedia presentations, PowerPoint Films

● Video, VCD, DVD

ROLES OF TECHNOLOGY

1. Upgrading the quality of teaching and learning in schools.

2. Increasing the capability of the teacher to effectively inculcate learning, and for students to
gain mastery of lessons and courses

IMPLEMENTING THE CURRICULUM

Factors for Technology Selection

1. Practicality

- Practicality refers to the availability and feasibility of using specific equipment (hardware) or
prepared lesson materials (software) for instructional purposes. It considers whether the
necessary resources are already accessible or the cost implications of acquiring the equipment
or producing the lesson materials in audio or visual formats.

2. Activity/Suitability

- Activity or suitability assesses whether the chosen media aligns with the instructional goals
and events. It examines whether the media effectively facilitates the intended learning
outcomes, such as conveying information, motivating learners, or promoting psychomotor skills.

3. Appropriateness in Relation to the Learners

- This term focuses on whether the chosen medium is suitable for the learners' cognitive
abilities and comprehension levels. It evaluates whether the medium enhances learning or
merely serves as a source of entertainment without contributing to the educational objectives.

4. Objective-Matching

- Objective-matching involves ensuring that the chosen media or instructional materials align
with the learning objectives. It assesses whether the media effectively supports the achievement
of the intended educational outcomes.

Does the medium help in achieving the learning- objective(s)?

➢ Increasing the capability of the teacher to effectively inculcate learning, and for students
to gain mastery of lessons and courses
➢ Broadening the delivery of education outside schools through non- traditional
approaches to formal and informal learning, such as Open Universities and lifelong
learning to adult learners

D. The Major concerns involved in Curriculum Implementation

“The new school year brings new burdens to our teachers and students, while old
problems in our education system persist,”

● Heavier workload for teachers

● Safety of students ‘compromised
● Reduced Teaching hours to 45 minutes
● Well-being of the teachers and learners were affected
● Poor academic performances
E. Common Approaches to Support Curriculum Implementation

Curriculum Approach
- This reflects a holistic position , or a meta orientation, encompassing curriculum’s
foundation, curriculum domains, and curricular theory and practices.
- An approach expresses a viewpoint about curriculum’s development and design.

How should the curriculum be implemented?

There are two extreme views about curriculum implementation:

a. Laissez-faire Approach or the "let-alone" approach

- This gives teachers absolute power to determine what they see best to implement in the
classroom. In effect, this allows teachers to teach lessons they believe are appropriate
for their classes and in whatever way they want to teach such lessons. There is no firm
of control or monitoring whatsoever.

b. Authoritarian Control
- In this view, teachers are directed by authority figures through a memorandum, to follow
a curriculum. Teachers have no control or leeway over the subjects they are teaching.
The school head exercises absolute power in directing teachers to teach certain subjects
in specified ways. In other words, this approach is a dictatorial way of imposing curricular
implementation in the classroom.

Types of Curriculum Approaches

● Behavioral Approach
- The oldest but still the dominant approach (Bobbit, Tyler and Taba)
- Logical and Perspective , it relies on technical and the scientific principles that
includes paradigms, models, step by step strategies for formulating curriculum
- This approach is usually based on a plan, sometimes called the blueprint or
document.

● Managerial Approach
- This approach is reminiscent of organizational theory that considers the school
as a social system in which stakeholders interact.
- This approach advocates selecting, organizing, communicating with and
supervising people involved in the curriculum decisions.

● Systems Approach
 - This approach was influenced by systems theory, where the parts of the total
school district or school are examined in terms of how they relate to each other.
- Sometimes, referred to as curriculum engineering.

● Academic Approach
- This approach attempts to analyze and synthesize major positions, trends, and
concepts of curriculum.
- This approach tends to be historical or philosophical, to a lesser extent, social or
practical.

● Humanistic Approach
- This approach tends to put emphasis on cooperative learning, independent
learning, small group learning, and social activities, and opposed to competitive,
teacher-dominated, and large group learning.

● Postmodern Approach
- This approach largely extends the humanistic approach that is more interested in
theory than practical applications.

CONCLUSION

In this unit, the importance of curriculum implementation cannot be overstated, as it

serves as the foundation for delivering quality education. Effective curriculum implementation
ensures that the educational goals and standards set by educational authorities are translated
into actual teaching and learning experiences in the classroom. It is through this process that
students engage with the material, develop critical skills, and apply their knowledge in
meaningful ways. Moreover, curriculum implementation fosters collaboration among
stakeholders, including teachers, administrators, parents, and the community, creating a
supportive environment that enhances student learning outcomes. It also allows for the
integration of technology and innovative teaching practices, which are essential in meeting the
diverse needs of learners in today's rapidly changing world. By systematically evaluating and
refining the curriculum, educators can identify strengths and weaknesses, ensuring that the
educational content remains relevant and effective. Ultimately, successful curriculum
implementation is crucial for preparing students for academic success and their roles as
informed and engaged members of society. It lays the groundwork for lifelong learning and
adaptability, increasingly important skills in an ever-evolving global landscape. Thus, by
fostering a culture of continuous improvement and committing to creating an engaging and
supportive educational environment, the curriculum remains relevant and effective in preparing
learners for the challenges of the 21st century.
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