Introduction

The use of social media has become increasingly prevalent in recent years,
particularly among students. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram and
Google provides numerous benefits, such as facilitating communication providing
access to information. However, some people are worried about the impact of social
media use on student academic performance.

The relationship between social media use and academic performance is complex
and multifaceted. On the one hand, social media can provide a platform for students to
collaborate and communicate with their peers, which can enhance their learning
experience (Dabbagh & Kitsantas, 2012; Junco, 2012). On the other hand, excessive
social media use can lead to distractions, decreased attention span, and poor time
management, all of which can negatively impact academic performance (Kirschner &
Karpinski, 2010; Wyman, Brown, McCloskey, & Wyman, 2011).

Given the contradictory findings about the relationship between social media use
and academic performance, it is important to conduct further research in this area. This
study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of social media use
on student academic performance at Sibutad National High School, specifically among
grade 10 students. Specifically, this study will examine the different ways in which
social media use can affect student academic performance, identify the factors that
influence this relationship, and explore ways to mitigate any negative effects of social
media use on academic performance.

Theoretical Framework

The impact of social media use on student academic performance is a complex

issue that has been studied from various perspectives. One theoretical framework that
can be used to understand this relationship is the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)
(Bandura, 1986). According to SCT, people learn and adopt new behaviors based on
their observations of others and the perceived consequences of those behaviors. In the
context of social media use, students may observe their peers using social media
excessively and perceive it as a normative behavior, leading them to adopt similar
behaviors. This may result in a decrease in academic performance as students spend
more time on social media and less time on academic activities.

Another theoretical framework that can be used to understand the relationship

between social media use and academic performance is the Self-Determination Theory
(SDT) (Deci & Ryan, 2000). SDT posits that people have three innate psychological
needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Social media use can fulfill these needs
by providing students with a sense of autonomy and relatedness, as they can connect
with others and express themselves freely. However, excessive social media use can
also undermine students' sense of competence, as they may feel that they are not
achieving their academic goals. This can lead to a decrease in motivation and academic
performance.

Finally, the Social Identity Theory (SIT) (Tajfel & Turner, 1986) can also be
used to understand the relationship between social media use and academic
performance. SIT posits that people derive a sense of identity and belonging from the
groups they belong to. Social media can provide students with a sense of belonging to a
larger community, which can be beneficial for their academic performance. However, if
students spend too much time on social media, they may feel a stronger sense of
belonging to their online communities than their academic communities, leading to a
decrease in academic performance.

Conceptual Framework

Social media use can have both positive and negative impacts on student
academic performance. On one hand, social media can serve as a valuable educational
tool, facilitating collaborative learning, resource sharing, and access to information. On
the other hand, excessive social media use may lead to distraction, decreased attention
span, and reduced academic productivity.

The relationship between social media use and academic performance may vary
depending on the specific platform used, the frequency and purpose of use, and the
characteristics of the students. For example, students who use social media primarily for
academic purposes may experience improved academic performance, while those who
use it primarily for entertainment may experience negative academic outcomes.

By examining the relationship between social media use, academic performance,

and respondents profile, this study aims to provide a more comprehensive
understanding of the impact of social media on student academic performance. The
findings of this research have the potential to inform educational policies, practices, and
interventions aimed at optimizing the use of social media for academic purposes while
mitigating its potential negative effects.
 Respondent ‘ s Profile:
 Age
 Gender
 Year Level

Social Media Academic Performance

 Facebook  Grades
 Instagram  Test scores
 Twitter  Other academic
indicators

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to investigate the impact of social media use on student academic
performance. The following research questions will guide the study:
 1.What is the impact of social media use on student academic performance in
terms of:

a. Age

b. Gender

c.Year Level

2. Is there a significant difference in academic performance between Grade 10

students who use social media primarily for academic purposes and those who use it
primarily for entertainment?

3. Is there a correlation between the frequency and purpose of social media use
and academic performance among Grade 10 students?

Hypotheses

Hypothesis 1: There is a significant relationship between social media use and

academic performance among Grade 10 students, taking into account the variables of
age, gender, and year level.

Hypothesis 2: There is a significant difference in academic performance between Grade

10 students who use social media primarily for academic purposes and those who use it
primarily for entertainment.

Hypothesis 3: There is a significant correlation between the frequency and purpose of

social media use and academic performance among Grade 10 students.

Significance of the Study

The significance of this study lies in its ability to provide insights into the role of
social media in shaping student academic performance. The findings of this study can
help educators, policymakers, and parents better understand the impact of social media
use on students and make informed decisions about how to support students in their
academic endeavors. By understanding the complex relationship between social media
use and academic performance, we can develop strategies to promote responsible social
media use and support students in achieving their academic goals.

Scope and Delimitation

This study aims to investigate the impact of social media use on student academic
performance among Grade 10 students at Sibutad National High School.
 The study will be limited to Grade 10 students at Sibutad National High School,
who are active users of social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and
Instagram. The study will not include students from other grade levels or schools, and
will not consider other factors that may impact academic performance, such as
socioeconomic status, parental education level, or learning style.

Definition of Terms

1. Social Media: Social media refers to online platforms or tools that allow users
to create, share, and interact with content, information, or other users. Examples of
social media platforms include Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, and LinkedIn.

2. Social Media Use: Social media use refers to the amount of time spent on
social media platforms and the frequency of use. This can include activities such as
posting status updates, commenting on posts, sharing photos or videos, and messaging
friends.

3. Academic Performance: Academic performance refers to a student's level of

achievement in their academic studies. This can include grades, test scores, and overall
academic progress.

4. Student: A student is an individual enrolled in an educational institution,

typically in primary, secondary, or post-secondary education.

5. Academic Success: Academic success refers to a student's ability to meet

academic standards and achieve their academic goals. This can include factors such as
completing coursework, passing exams, and graduating from high school or college.

6. Social Media Addiction: Social media addiction refers to excessive and

compulsive use of social media, often to the point where it interferes with daily life and
relationships.

7. Cyberbullying: Cyberbullying refers to the use of technology to harass,

intimidate, or threaten someone, often through social media or messaging apps.

8. Online Distractions: Online distractions refer to any online activity that diverts
a student's attention away from their academic work, such as social media, online
games, or streaming videos.

9. Parental Involvement: Parental involvement refers to the extent to which

parents are engaged in their child's education and are aware of their child's social media
use.
 10. Academic Support: Academic support refers to the resources and assistance
provided to students to help them succeed academically, such as tutoring, study groups,
and academic advising.