Lecture 10 Module
Lecture 10 Module
8. Brain-to-brain Interfaces
➔ This technology allows
5. Enhanced Pathogens
mediated direct
➔ Pathogens are bacteria, virus
communication between
or other microorganism that
two brains without the use
can cause diseases.
of speech. They consist of
➔ A gain of function research
two components: a
is one that aims to
brain-computer interface
understand the nature of
(BCI) that detects neural
human-pathogen interactions
signals from one brain and
by improving the ability of a
translates them to computer
pathogen to cause disease.
commands, and a
While this type of research
computer-brain interface
allows to assess the potential
(CBI) that delivers computer
of emerging infectious
commands to another brain.
diseases to be pandemics in
the future, the risks it poses ➔ BBIs come along with a
are extremely high. The risks number of currently
can generally fall into two: unresolved ethical issues
biosafety and biosecurity. including autonomy, privacy,
agency, accountability, and
identity (Hildt, 2019).
6. Robot Swarms
➔ The sender may send you
➔ Kilobots are group of robots
false information and in turn
capable of communicating
condition your brain to
with each other and perform
believe them. Also, according
simple tasks without human
to journal articles, through
intervention. While this is
BBIs, you can control ones
convenient, like any other
actions just by sending
machines these robots may
signals to the receiver’s
malfunction one way or
brain.
another and may eventually
cause harm and accidents.