GAUTAM BUDDHA UNIVERSITY

INTERNET OF THINGS PRACTICAL

FILE

LAB CODE: AI-382

PROGRAM: B.Tech(AI)
SEMESTER: 6

SUBMITTED TO: MS. JYOTI KURAV

SUBMITTED BY: EM Sree Prakash

20/BAI/010
EXPERIMENT – 1

Download and Install Cisco Packet Tracer

Step 1: Search the following link for Cisco Packet Tracer
(https://skillsforall.com/resources/lab-downloads )

Step 2: Download the required version of Packet Tracer

(Here we download Packet Tracer 8.2.1 Windows 64bit)

Step 3: Open the program to begin installation

Step 4: After Installation is done launch the Cisco Packet Tracer

Step 5: After the Packet Tracer is launched select the Green button which shows Skills for
All

Step 6: After selecting Green Button, Log into the account with username and password

Step 7: Start using the Cisco Packet Tracer

EXPERIMENT 2

Create a Simple Network using Cisco Packet Tracer

Part 1: Build a Simple Network

Step 1: Add network devices to the workspace.
In this step, we add a PC, laptop, and a cable modem to the Logical Workspace.
The cable modem converts the coaxial connection to an Ethernet connection.

Using the Device-Type Selection Box, we add the following devices to the workspace. The
category and sub-category associated with the device are listed below:

= PC: End Devices > End Devices > PC

= Laptop: End Devices > End Devices > Laptop

= Cable Modem: Network Devices > WAN Emulation > Cable Modem

Step 2: Change display names of the network devices.

a. To change the display names of the network devices, click the device icon in the
Logical Workspace.

b. Click the Config tab in the device configuration window.

c. Enter the new name of the newly added device into the Display Name field: PC, Laptop,
and Cable Modem.
Step 3: Add the physical cabling between devices on the workspace.
Using the Device-Type Selection Box, add the physical cabling between devices on the
workspace.

a. The PC will need a copper straight-through cable to connect to the wireless router.
Using the Device-Type Selection Box, click Connections (lightning bolt icon). Select the
copper straight-through cable in the Device-Specific Selection Box and attach it to the
FastEthernet0 interface of the PC and the Ethernet 1 interface of the wireless router.

b. The wireless router will need a copper straight-through cable to connect to the cable
modem. Therefore we select the copper straight-through cable in the Device-Specific
Selection Box and attach it to the internet interface of the wireless router and the Port 1
interface of the cable modem.
c. The cable modem will need a Coaxial cable to connect to the internet cloud. So we
select the Coaxial cable in the Device-Specific Selection Box and attach it to the Port 0
interface of the cable modem and the Coaxial 7 interface of the internet cloud.

Part 2: Configure the End Devices and Verify Connectivity

Here we connect a PC and a laptop to the Wireless router. The PC will be connected to the
network using an Ethernet cable. For the Laptop, we replace the wired Ethernet network
interface card (NIC) with a wireless NIC and connect the Laptop to the router wirelessly.

After both end devices are connected to the network, we verify connectivity to cisco.srv. The
PC and the Laptop will each be assigned an IP (Internet Protocol) address. Internet Protocol
is a set of rules for routing and addressing data on the internet. The IP addresses are used
to identify the devices on a network and allow the devices to connect and transfer data on a
network.

Step 1: Configure the PC.

a. Click the PC. In the Desktop tab, navigate to IP Configuration to verify that DHCP is
enabled and the PC has received an IP address.

Select DHCP for the IP Configuration heading if you do not see an IP address for the IPv4
Address field. Observe the process as the PC is receiving an IP address from the DHCP
server.

DHCP stands for dynamic host configuration protocol. This protocol assigns IP addresses to
devices dynamically. In this simple network, the Wireless Router is configured to assign IP
addresses to devices that request IP addresses. If DHCP is disabled, you will need to assign
an IP address and configure all the necessary information to communicate with other
devices on the network and the internet.
b. Close IP Configuration. In the Desktop tab, click Command Prompt.
At the prompt, enter ipconfig /all to review the IPv4 addressing information from the DHCP
server. The PC should have received an IPv4 address in the 1928.16.0.x range.
d. Test connectivity to the cisco.srv from the PC. From the command prompt, issue the
command ping cisco.srv. It may take a few seconds for the ping to return. Four replies
should be received.

Step 2: Configure the Laptop.

a. Click Laptop, and select the Physical tab. In the Physical tab, we need to remove the
Ethernet copper module and replace it with the Wireless WPC300N module.

1) Power off Laptop by clicking the power button on the side of the laptop.

2) Remove the currently installed Ethernet copper module by clicking on the module on the
side of the laptop and dragging it to the MODULES pane on the left of the laptop window.

3) Install the wireless WPC300N module by clicking it in the MODULES pane and dragging
it to the empty module port on the side of the Laptop.
4) Power on the Laptop by clicking the Laptop power button again.

c. With the wireless module installed, connect the Laptop to the wireless network. Click
the Desktop tab and select the PC Wireless.

d. Select the Connect tab. After a slight delay, the wireless network HomeNetwork will be
visible in the list of wireless networks. Click Refresh if necessary to see the list of available
networks. Select the HomeNetwork. Click Connect.

e. Close PC Wireless. Select Web Browser in the Desktop tab. In the Web Browser,
navigate to cisco.srv.
EXPERIMENT 3

To setup of a Small Office Network- Connecting Devices using

wireless technologies

Part 1: Connect a Laptop to the Office WLAN

Step 1: Install a wireless module to a Laptop.

a. Click the Laptop to open the configuration window.
b. Under the Physical tab, power off the Laptop by clicking the power button.
c. Remove the Ethernet module PT-LAPTOP-NM-1CFE from the laptop by dragging it
from the Laptop to the list on the left.
d. Insert the wireless module WPC300N by dragging it from the list on the left to the
Laptop.
e. Power on the Laptop.
Step 2: Connect Laptop to the office WLAN.
a. Click the Desktop tab and select the PC Wireless tool.
b. Click the Connect tab and wait until the Employee SSID WLAN is displayed. Note that
you may have to click Refresh.
c. Click the Employee SSID to select it. Click Connect.

d. Enter Cisco123 as the pre-shared key and click Connect.

e. After connecting to the wireless network, close the PC Wireless window.
f. Click the Config tab and select Wireless0 in the left pane to verify in the IP
Configuration section that the Laptop has been assigned an IP address.
g. Open the Web Browser from the Desktop. Navigate to office.srv to verify that the
Laptop has connectivity.
h. Close the Laptop window.
Part 2: Connect Devices with Bluetooth Technology
Step 1: Enable Bluetooth ports on devices.
a. Click the Bluetooth Speaker.
b. Click the Config tab.
c. Click Bluetooth on the left pane and check that the Port Status is On. Note that the
speaker is not paired with the Office Tablet.

Step 2: Connect Bluetooth devices.

a. Open the Office Tablet.
b. Click the Config tab.
c. Click Bluetooth in the left pane and check the On box for Port Status.
d. Click Discover and the Bluetooth Speaker device should be discovered.
e. Select the Bluetooth Speaker in the Devices list and click Pair. The status should
change to "Paired, Connected". If prompted for permission to connect, click Yes.
f. To test the Bluetooth connection, click the Desktop tab and select Music Player. Click
Play/Stop to start the music. Note: Make sure your speaker is on.
g. Click Play/Stop again to stop the sound.

Part 3: Tether a Laptop to Use a Cellular Network via the Smartphone

Step 1: Enable Bluetooth on the Laptop.
a. Click the User-Laptop. Select the Config tab.
b. Click Bluetooth on the left panel. Click On for the Port Status.
c. Leave the User-Laptop Bluetooth window open.

Step 2: Connect a smartphone to the Cellular network and enable Bluetooth.

a. Click the Smartphone to open the configuration window.
b. Click the Config tab. Check the On box for the Cellular Tethering setting in the Global
Settings.

c. Click the 3G/4G Cell1 interface. Verify that the Smartphone has an IP address from the
cellular network.
d. Click Bluetooth in the left pane and check the On box for the Port status on the
Smartphone.

Step 3: Connect Bluetooth devices and tethering to laptop

a. On the Bluetooth configuration for the Smartphone, click Discover to search for nearby
Bluetooth enabled-devices.

b. Select User-Laptop and click Pair. A pop-up window appears and asks for permission.
Click Yes. The two devices are connected via Bluetooth.

c. Return to the User-Laptop. In the Bluetooth panel of the Config tab, highlight
Smartphone and click Tether.
d. At the bottom pane of the Bluetooth configuration, notice that User-Laptop has now
obtained an IP address.

e. To test connectivity, navigate to office.srv. Click Desktop > Web Browser. Enter
office.srv in the URL field. You can fast forward time to speed up the process.
EXPERIMENT 4

To Manage and monitor Branch Office Network

Part 1: Add an Additional Switch to the Rack in the Office Network

a. In the Wiring Closet, click and drag switch Office-SW2 from the Shelf on the right to the
Rack on the left. It can be placed on any open space on the Rack.

b. Select a copper straight-through cable from the Cable Pegboard.

c. Connect the cable to switchport FastEthernet 0/1 on switch Office-SW2 and connect the
other end to Jack 1 on the Patch Panel.

d. Select another copper straight-through cable from the Cable Pegboard.

e. Connect the cable to Switchport GigabitEthernet 0/1 on switch Office-SW2 and connect
the other end to switchport GigabitEthernet1/1/1 on Office-SW1.
Part 2: Connect a PC to the Office Network
Step 1: Connect PC to wall mount.
a. Return to the Office topology using the Alt-Left Arrow key.
b. Add a straight-through cable from the Office-User to the copper wall mount.
c. Click the Connections icon (i.e., orange lightning bolt) in the bottom left-hand corner.
d. Select a copper straight-through cable.
e. Connect the cable to the Copper Wall Mount1 and select Jack1. Connect the other end
of the cable to FastEthernet0 on Office-User.

f. Select another copper straight-through cable

g. Click the Copper Wall Mount1 and select Punch Down1.

h. Connect the other end of the cable to PunchDown1 on the Patch Panel in the
Equipment Cabinet. Click the Equipment Cabinet label in the lower right corner of the office.

i. Click Rack, then Patch Panel, then PunchDown1.

Step 2: Test network connectivity from PC-PT.
From Office-User, ping the Office-Admin PC at 192.168.20.5.

a. Select the Office-User and click the Desktop tab.

b. Click the Command Prompt.
c. In the Command Prompt, ping the Office-Admin PC. The pings should be successful.

C:\> ping 192.168.20.5

d. Exit the Command Prompt. Open a Web Browser and navigate to office.srv. It should
be successful.
 EXPERIMENT 5

Create and control the Smart Home Network:-

Part 1: Connect a Home Gateway to the Network

Step 1: Add a Home Gateway.
a. In the Device-Type Selection box, click Network Devices, and then Wireless Devices.
b. Click Home Gateway, and then click in the Logical workspace to add the device.
c. Click Home Gateway0, and then the Config tab. Change the Display Name to Home
Gateway.

Step 2: Connect the Home Gateway to the cable modem.

a. In the Device-Type Selection box, click Connections, and then Copper Straight-
Through cable.
b. Click the Cable Modem and connect one end of the cable to Port 1.
c. Click the Home Gateway and connect the other end of the cable to the Internet port.

Part 2: Add End User Devices to the Network

Step 1: Add a wireless tablet to the workspace.
a. In the Device-Type Selection box, click End Devices, and then Tablet. Add the Tablet
to the workspace.
b. Click Tablet PC0, and then the Config tab. Change the Display Name to Tablet.

Step 2: Connect the tablet to the Home Gateway network.

a. To connect Tablet to the home wireless network, click the Wireless0 Interface on the
left panel in the Config tab.
b. Change the SSID from Default to HomeGateway. The Tablet will connect to the
home Wi-Fi network. It may take a minute or two for IP addressing to change to an address
from the 192.168.25.x network. You can click Fast Forward Time (Alt+D) to speed up the
process.
c. Notice now that Tablet has two wireless connections: cellular and Wi-Fi. This is
common for cellular enabled tablets and smartphones.

Step 3: Access the home gateway from the tablet.

From the Tablet, click the Desktop tab > IoT Monitor. Note the IoT Server Address is the
IP address of the Home Gateway, and admin is used for both the username and password.
Click Login.

Part 3: Connect IoT Devices to the Network

In this part, you will add three new IoT devices to the network and register them to the
Home Gateway server.

Step 1: Add IoT device to the wired network.

In this step, you will connect a new IoT device to the wired network.
a. In the Device-Type Selection box, click End Devices > Home, and then click the
Lamp and add it to the workspace.
b. Click the Lamp device, and then click Advanced to reveal more tabs.
c. Click I/O Config to change the Network Adapter to PT-IOT-NM-1CFE.
d. Click the Config tab and rename the device as Lamp.
e. In the left panel, click FastEthernet0, and then select the DHCP radio button so that
the lamp will receive an IPv4 address from the Home Gateway.
f. Click Connections > Copper Straight-Thru and connect the Fastethernet0 port of the
Lamp to one of the available Ethernet ports on Home Gateway.
 Step 2: Add IoT devices to HomeGateway wireless network.
In this step, you will connect two new IoT devices to the wireless network.

a. In the Device-Type Selection box, click End Devices > Home. Add a Fan and a Door to
the workspace.
b. Change the display name of the fan to Fan.
c. Change the display name of the door to Door.
d. In the Wireless0 configuration for each device, notice that the SSID is already set to
HomeGateway and that each device received an IP address from the 192.168.25.x network.
You may need to click Fast Forward Time to speed up the process.

Step 3: Configure IoT devices to register with the Home Gateway server.
For each of the three IoT devices, click the Config tab, then Settings in the left panel, if
necessary. Scroll down to the IoT Server options list and click Home Gateway.

Step 4: Verify that the devices are now registered with the Home Gateway server.
From the Tablet, click the Desktop tab > IoT Monitor, and then click Login. You should see
entries for all three of the new IoT devices. Expand the entries to see details for the devices.
Try controlling the devices and look at the results in the workspace.

Part 4: Add Bluetooth Devices

In this part, you will add a Bluetooth speaker to the wireless network. You will connect a
portable music player to the speaker.

Step 1: Add a Bluetooth speaker to the wireless network.

a. In the Device-Type Selection box, click End Devices > Home. Add a Bluetooth Speaker
device to the workspace.
b. Notice the speaker automatically connected to the Home Gateway. After a few minutes,
the speaker will be configured with an IP address from the 192.168.25.x network.
c. Change the Display Name of the speaker to Speaker.
d. In the Config tab for the speaker, click Bluetooth in the left panel, and then turn Port
Status to On.

Step 2: Add a portable media player to the wireless network

a. In the Device-Type Selection box, click End Devices > Home. Add a Portable Music
Player to the workspace.
b. Notice the music player automatically connected to the Home Gateway. After a few
minutes, it will be configured with an IP address from the 192.168.25.x network.
c. Change the Display Name to Music Player.

Step 3: Pair the music player to Speaker.

a. Turn Bluetooth Port Status to On.
b. Click Discover under Discoverable Devices, click Speaker, click Pair, and then click
Yes.
c. Hold down the Alt key and click Music Player. (Hint: Make sure the speakers for your
physical computer are on.)
PART 2

Step 1: Access the IoT devices at the Home Gateway server.

a. Click the Tablet icon to open the Tablet configuration window.
b. Click the IoT Monitor in the Desktop tab.

c. Use the default settings and click Login. A list of IoT devices registered to the Home
Gateway server is displayed.
Step 2: Register IoT devices to the IoT Server at home.com
a. To configure the ceiling fan to register with the new registration server, click Fan to
open the device configuration window.
b. Click the Config tab. Change the IoT Server type from Home Gateway to Remote
Server. Enter home.com as the Server Address. Enter home as the username and home as
the password. Click Connect to continue.

c. Close the Fan window.

d. Configure the Lamp and the Door to register with the IoT Server in the same way.
Step 3: Verify that the IoT devices are registered to the IoT server at home.com.
a. Access the IoT Server through the web browser of the wireless Tablet using the
home.com credentials.
b. The three IoT devices, Fan, Lamp, and Door should now be registered with the IoT
server at home.com. All three should have entries in the IoT Server - Devices window.
c. Close Tablet window.

Part 2: Connect a Smartphone to a Laptop Using Cellular Tethering

Step 1: Enable Bluetooth on the Laptop.
a. Click the Laptop icon to open the configuration window.
b. Click the Config tab.
c. In the left pane, click Bluetooth.
d. Click On for the Port Status to enable Bluetooth.

Step 2: Enable Bluetooth on the Smartphone.

a. Click the Smartphone icon to open the configuration window.
b. Verify that the Smartphone is connected to the 3G/4G Cell1 network.
c. Click DHCP Refresh to ensure you have a valid IP address.
d. In the Global Settings, set Bluetooth to On to enable Cellular Tethering.
e. In the left pane, click Bluetooth.
f. Click On for the Port Status to enable Bluetooth.

Step 3: Connect the Smartphone to the Laptop.

a. In the Smartphone, click Config.
b. In the left pane, click Bluetooth.
c. Click Discover.
d. Select Laptop in the list of Discoverable devices.
e. Click Pair. If a popup window appears that asks for permission to pair, approve the
connection. Now the status of the connection should have changed to Paired, Connected.

f. Return to Laptop and open the configuration window for Bluetooth.

g. Select the Smartphone from the list of discovered devices and click Tether.

Step 4: Verify connectivity through the cellular network.

You can navigate home.com and log into the IoT server and view the list of registered IoT
devices from Home.
EXPERIMENT 6
Environmental Control and Create IoT things in Packet Tracer

In the Physical Workspace there are containers. Each container, the intercity, city, buildings,
and wiring closets, all have their own set of environmental values. There are 24 default
environmental elements, such as temperature, rain, water level, wind speed, and snow.
Many devices, or Things, affect or respond to the environment in some way. A fire sprinkler
will raise the water level and humidity in a container. An old car will increase various gases
and ambient temperature when turned on. A smoke detector can be used to trigger an alarm
when the smoke in environment increases to a certain point.

Part 1: Explore Environmental Controls

Step 1: Observe the Environmental Controls interface
To view the current environment values, do the following:

a. To open the Environments window, click Environment (Shift+E) on the far right of the
Logical toolbar. The button displays a simulated 24-hour clock.
b. Explore the many environmental elements in the Intercity location.

c. Locate the Ambient Temperature element and notice that the temperature changes
throughout the simulated 24-hour day period.
d. Click Ambient Temperature to open the Ambient Temperature chart. If necessary, scroll
to the top of the Environments window to see the temperature fluctuations over time.
Part 2: Edit Environmental Elements
Step 1: Change to environment edit mode.
With the Ambient Temperature chart open, click Edit next to the Intercity location.

Step 2: Investigate the Ambient Temperature Keyframe Graph.

a. Scroll down and click the Sunlight entry below the chart to hide the Sunlight element.
b. The environment Keyframe Graph tab for the ambient temperature shows degrees
Celsius starting at a low of 0° at midnight and a high of 24° at midday. Notice the five small
diamond handles at different times on the chart: 00:00, 06:00, 12:00, 18:00, and 23:59.
Hovering your mouse over the small diamond handles reveals those times. These are
keyframes.

Step 3: Change the ambient temperature for Intercity.

You can change the ambient temperature for the 24-hour day by clicking and dragging each
keyframe to the desired temperature value. Alternatively, you can enter the value in the
popup box and press Enter to change the value. To simulate a summer environment, make
the following changes. Set the beginning and end temperatures to 20°, the 06:00 and 18:00
temperatures to 28° and the mid-day temperature to 37°.

Step 4: Observe changes in the environment.

a. Click View button for the Intercity location. Note that the Ambient Temperature chart is
now showing the pattern of temperature changes that you configured in the previous step.
b. Look at the Ambient Temperature value in the table of environmental factors. Note that
Packet Tracer interpolates between the key frame values to continuously vary the
temperature. You should see the Ambient Temperature value vary from 20° to 37°.

Step 5: Close the Environments window and close Packet Tracer.

EXPERIMENT 7

To download and Install Contiki using VMWare Workstation

Contiki is an operating system for networked, memory-constrained systems with a focus on
low-power wireless Internet of Things (IoT) devices. It provides multitasking and a built-in
Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP stack), yet needs only about 10 kilobytes of random-access
memory (RAM) and 30 kilobytes of read-only memory (ROM).
STEP 1: DOWNLOAD & INSTALL VIRTUAL MACHINE
To download and install the VMware product visit the official website of Vmware
https://www.vmware.com/in.html
On the Downloads tab, here you will find various products.
Click on Free Product Trials & Demo >> Workstation Pro. You will be redirected to the
download page.
Click on Download Now according to your Operating System
Once the download is complete, run the .exe to install VMware Workstation. Popup will
appear.

Once Initialization gets completes, Click on Next.

In the next screen, It will ask for some additional features, it is not mandatory to check this
box. Click on Next.
On the next screen, some checkboxes are populated, Check them as per your requirement.
 Click on Next.

At this step, you can see installation taking place. The installation will take some time, wait
for it to properly install.
Once the installation gets completed you will see the following dialogue box. Click on Finish.

Upon Finish, the window will close, and You can see VMware Workstation installed icon on
your Desktop.
For the first time opening, if you have not entered the License key, then it will ask for a
license key. You can go for the trial version which is available free for 15 to 30 days. Click on
Continue. Make sure you have Admin rights for this in Windows.
At this stage, you will get the final installation message. Click on Finish.

Finally, this will open a window of VMware Workstation Pro.

SEARCH CONTIKI DOWNLOAD ON YOUR CHROME BROWSER
DOWNLOAD CONTIKI FROM SOURCE FORGE SITE

UNZIP THE DOWNLOADED FILE

In Vmware click Open a Virtual Machine as shown below

NAVIGATE YOUR EXTRACTED FOLDER FOR .vmx FILE

POWER ON YOUR MACHINE

A POP-UP WILL APPEAR. SELECT ‘I COPIED IT’ OPTION
START USING INSTANT CONTIKI. USERNAME AND PASSWORD IS ‘USER’
EXPERIMENT 8
HELLO WORLD using Cooja Simulation Tool on Contiki
We can Start Cooja Simulation Tool through Terminal
cd contiki
cd tools
cd cooja
sudo ant run
Password: user
Or directly via COOJA ICON.

Open up a new simulation tab. Name the simulation Hello World.

You will get an output like shown below

Navigate to Motes > Add motes > Sky mote

Now you will get a new panel as shown below. Click browse and navigate to
contiki/examples/hello-world/hello-world.c and press Compile

After compilation press the Create button.

You will get an option to add motes. Add 2 Motes.
In simulation control press Start.
Check out the output of Mote 2

Node Id 2

Network Stack Rime

MAC Protocol CSMA

Radio Duty Cycle (RDC) Protocol ContkiMAC

Sleep Cycle 8 Hz

Channel 26

Transmitted Message Hello World

Add motes: Add motes to the network grid area by clicking on Motes, then Add motes. Go to
Create a new mote type and then select the mote type from the drop down list. For current
experiment we choose sky mote.
.

Create 4 motes for simple broadcast browsing: /home/user/contiki/examples/ipv6/simple-

udp-rpl/broadcast-example.c
Compile the program. Create and add 4 motes to the network window.
Start simulation and observe the mote output window.

Open collect view application: Go to tools and select collect view from drop down list and
then click on sky1, as shown in figure below.

Check serial console.

Increase the distance between nodes manually and observe the effect of changing the
transmission range.
EXPERIMENT 9

STUDY OF WSN AND USE OF COLLECT VIEW

Create a complete wireless sensor network (WSN) topology having 6 motes on Cooja
network simulator of Contiki. Configure 1 mote as RPL sink and rest of the 5 motes as RPL
sender motes. Study the topology of RPL. Using the collect view simulation tool, observe
parameters for sensor nodes.

Add motes: Add motes to the network grid area by clicking on Motes, then Add motes. Go
to Create a new mote type and then select the mote type from the drop down list. For current
experiment we choose sky mote.

Create one RPL sink: Create one RPL sink by browsing the link as shown in figure below.
Then click on compile and then create.

Create five RPL senders: Create another mote type as in previous step. We again choose
sky mote here. Then browse the programme for RPL sender as shown in figure below and
compile.
Start simulation: Start the simulation by using the simulation control window as shown in
figure below and observe the network. Here, sink node is shown by green colour and sender
nodes are depicted by orange colour. Node can be differentiated with different colours by
enabling the mote type option in view tab, present on top of network window.

Open collect view application: Go to tools and select collect view from drop down list and
then click on sky1, as shown in figure below.
This will lead to a window as shown in figure below. In some seconds, all the nodes in the
network will be added to collect view, as visible in left hand side of window.