VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Contents

Overview ............................................................................................................. 6
Introduction ............................................................................................................ 6
About This Manual ................................................................................................. 6
Assumptions .......................................................................................................... 6
What You Should Already Know ............................................................................. 6
Modbus RTU Overview .......................................................................................... 6
VLT 2800, VLT 6000 and VLT 8000 with Modbus RTU ........................................... 7

Installation and Setup .................................................................................. 8

Network Connection ............................................................................................. 8
Hardware Setup VLT 2800 ..................................................................................... 9
Hardware Setup VLT 6000 and VLT 8000 ............................................................... 9
EMC Precautions ................................................................................................... 9

Modbus RTU Programming ....................................................................... 10

VLT 2800 Parameter Settings for Modbus Communication ..................................... 10
VLT 6000 Parameter Settings for Modbus Communication ..................................... 12
Installation and Set-up VLT 8000 ............................................................................ 13
VLT 8000 Parameter Settings for Modbus Communication ..................................... 13

Network Configuration ................................................................................. 14

Remote Terminal Unit ............................................................................................. 14
Modbus RTU Message Framing Structure .............................................................. 14

Parameter Handling ....................................................................................... 16

Parameter Handling ................................................................................................ 16
Storage of Data ...................................................................................................... 16
Register Maps VLT 2800 ........................................................................................ 17
Register Maps VLT 6000 ........................................................................................ 18
Register Maps VLT 8000 ........................................................................................ 19
Process Data ......................................................................................................... 20
Status Coil Maps .................................................................................................... 20
Control Word Bit Descriptions for VLT 2800 ............................................................ 20
Status Word Bit Description for VLT 2800 ............................................................... 21
Control Word Bit Descriptions VLT 6000 / VLT 8000 ............................................... 23
Status Word Bit Descriptions VLT 6000 / VLT 8000 ................................................ 25
Serial communication reference .............................................................................. 26
Present output frequency ....................................................................................... 26

Supported Modbus RTU Function Codes ......................................... 28

Exception Codes ............................................................................................. 31

Exception Code Tables .......................................................................................... 31

Appendix A - Examples ............................................................................... 32

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Software Version VLT 2800, VLT 6000 and VLT 8000

195NA009.17
VLT 2800 Series

Operating instructions
Software version: 2.8x

These operating instructions can be used for all VLT 2800

Series frequency converters with software version 2.8x.
The software version number can be seen from parameter
640 Software version no.

175ZA691.14
VLT 6000 HVAC

Operating Instructions
Software version: 3.0x

These Operating Instructions can be used for all VLT 6000

HVAC frequency converters with software version 3.0x.
The software version number can be seen from parameter
624.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

176FA145.13
VLT 8000 AQUA

Operating Instructions
Software version: 1.5x

Safety - Modbus
RTU
These Operating Instructions can be used for all VLT 8000 AQUA
frequency converters with software version 1.5x.
The software version number can be seen from parameter 624
Software version no.

■ High Voltage Warning frequency converters and electronic controls, there will
be exposed components at or above line potential.
Rotating shafts and electrical equipment Extreme care should be taken to protect against shock.
can be hazardous. Therefore, it is strongly Stand on an insulating pad and make it a habit to use
recommended that all electrical work only one hand when checking components. Always
conform to National Electrical Code (NEC) and all local work with another person in case of an emergency.
regulations. Installation, start-up and maintenance Disconnect power whenever possible to check controls
should be performed only by qualified personnel. or to perform maintenance. Be sure equipment is
properly grounded. Wear safety glasses whenever
Motor control equipment and electronic controls are
working on electric control or rotating equipment.
connected to hazardous line voltages. When servicing

■ Warnings Against Unintended Start area of the motor or frequency converter driven
1. While the frequency converter is connected equipment when changing parameters
to the AC line, the motor can be brought to 3. A motor that has been stopped may start
a stop by means of external switch closures, unexpectedly if faults occur in the electronics
serial bus commands or references. If personal of the frequency converter, or if an overload, a
safety considerations make it necessary to fault in the supply AC line or a fault in the motor
ensure that no unintended start occurs, these connection or other fault clears.
stops are not sufficient. 4. If the "Local/Hand" key is activated, the motor
2. During programming of parameters, the motor can only be brought to a stop by means of the
may start. Be certain that no one is in the "Stop/Off" key or an external safety interlock.

■ Electrostatic discharge (ESD)

Electronic components are sensitive to

electrostatic discharge (ESD). ESD can
reduce performance or destroy sensitive
electronic components. Follow proper ESD procedures
during installation or servicing to prevent damage.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

VLT 2800

Warning:
It can be extremely dangerous to touch the electrical parts even when the mains
supply has been disconnected.
Also ensure that other voltage inputs are disconnected from load sharing through the
DC bus.
Wait at least 4 minutes after the input power has been removed before servicing the
drive.

195NA139.10

VLT 6000 HVAC

175HA490.11
Warning:
Touching the electrical parts may be fatal - even after the equipment has been
disconnected from mains.

Using VLT 6002 - 6005, 200-240 V: Wait at least 4 minutes

Using VLT 6006 - 6062, 200-240 V: Wait at least 15 minutes
Using VLT 6002 - 6005, 380-460 V: Wait at least 4 minutes
Using VLT 6006 - 6072, 380-460 V: Wait at least 15 minutes
Using VLT 6102 - 6352, 380-460 V: Wait at least 20 minutes
Using VLT 6400 - 6550, 380-460 V: Wait at least 15 minutes
Using VLT 6002 - 6006, 525-600 V: Wait at least 4 minutes
Using VLT 6008 - 6027, 525-600 V: Wait at least 15 minutes
Using VLT 6032 - 6275, 525-600 V: Wait at least 30 minutes

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

VLT 8000 AQUA

176FA159.12
Warning:
Touching the electrical parts may be fatal - even after the equipment has
been disconnected from line.

Safety - Modbus
VLT 8006-8062, 200-240 V: wait at least 15 minutes

RTU
VLT 8006-8072, 380-480 V: wait at least 15 minutes
VLT 8102-8352, 380-480 V: wait at least 20 minutes
VLT 8450-8600, 380-480 V: wait at least 15 minutes
VLT 8002-8006, 525-600 V: wait at least 4 minutes
VLT 8008-8027, 525-600 V: wait at least 15 minutes
VLT 8032-8300, 525-600 V: wait at least 30 minutes

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Overview

■ Introduction other devices, and how errors will be detected and

These operating instructions provide comprehensive reported. It establishes a common format for the
instructions on the installation and set up of the layout and contents of message fields.
Modbus RTU for VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC
and VLT® 8000 AQUA Frequency Converter to During communications on a Modbus RTU network,
communicate over a Modbus network. the protocol determines how each controller will know
its device address, recognise a message addressed
For specific information on installation and operation to it, determine the kind of action to be taken, and
of the frequency converter, refer to the VLT® 2800 extract any data or other information contained in
Operating Instructions, MG.28.AX.YY / VLT® 6000 the message. If a reply is required, the controller will
HVAC Operating Instructions, MG.61.AX.YY / construct the reply message and send it.
VLT® 8000 Operating Instructions, MG.80.AX.YY.
Controllers communicate using a master-slave
technique in which only one device (the master) can
initiate transactions (called queries). The other devices
■ About This Manual (slaves) respond by supplying the requested data to the
These operating instructions are intended to be used for master, or by taking the action requested in the query.
both instruction and reference. It only briefly touches on
the basics of the Modbus protocol whenever necessary The master can address individual slaves, or can
to gain an understanding of the Modbus RTU. initiate a broadcast message to all slaves. Slaves
return a message (called a response) to queries that
These operating instructions are also intended to are addressed to them individually. Responses are not
serve as a guideline when you specify and optimise returned to broadcast queries from the master.
your communication system. Even if you are an
experienced Modbus programmer, it is suggested The Modbus RTU protocol establishes the format
that you read these operating instructions in its for the master’s query by placing into it the device
entirety before you start programming since important (or broadcast) address, a function code defining
information can be found in all sections. the requested action, any data to be sent, and an
error-checking field. The slave’s response message
is also constructed using Modbus protocol. It
contains fields confirming the action taken, any data
■ Assumptions
to be returned, and an error-checking field. If an
These operating instructions assume that you have
error occurred in receipt of the message, or if the
a controller that supports the interfaces in this
slave is unable to perform the requested action, the
document and that all the requirements stipulated in
slave will construct an error message and send it
the controller, as well as the frequency converter, are
in response or a time-out will occur.
strictly observed, along with all limitations therein.

■ What You Should Already Know

The Modbus RTU is designed to communicate with any
controller that supports the interfaces defined in this
document. It is assumed that you have full knowledge
of the capabilities and limitations of the controller.

■ Modbus RTU Overview

Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) protocol defines
a message structure that controllers will recognise
and use, regardless of the type of physical networks
over which they communicate. It describes the
process a controller uses to request access to another
device, how it will respond to requests from the

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ VLT 2800, VLT 6000 and VLT 8000 with Modbus RTU
The frequency converter communicates in Modbus
RTU format over an EIA-485 (formerly RS-485)
network. Modbus RTU allows access to the frequency
converter’s Control Word and Bus Reference.

The Control Word allows the Modbus master to control

several important functions of the frequency converter:
• Start
• Stop the frequency converter in several ways:
Coast stop
Quick stop
DC Brake stop
Normal (ramp) stop
• Reset after a fault trip
• Run at a variety of preset speeds
• Run in reverse
• Change the active setup
• Control the frequency converter’s two built-in relays

Overview
The Bus Reference is commonly used for speed control.

It is also possible to access the parameters, read

their values, and, where possible, write values to
them. This permits a range of control possibilities,
including controlling the frequency converter’s setpoint
when its internal PID controller is used.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Installation and Setup

Modbus RTU is a transmission protocol developed for It is very important to have a low impedance ground
process control systems. The Modbus standard does connection of the screen, also at high frequencies.
not specify the physical interface for the protocol i.e. This can be obtained by connecting a large surface
a number of different interfaces can be chosen. of the screen to ground, for example by means of
The Modbus RTU protocol is based on the build-in a cable clamp or a conductive cable gland.
RS-485 (EIA-485) interface. Particularly in installation where there is long
RS-485 is a two-wire bus-interface that allows cable lengths, it can be necessary to apply
multi-drop network topology i.e. nodes can potential equalizing cables to ensure same ground
be connected as a bus, or via drop cables potential throughout the network.
from a common trunk line. To prevent impedance mismatch, always use cable
A total number of 32 nodes can be connected to of same type across the entire network.
one Modbus RTU network segment, and a total of When connecting a motor to the frequency converter,
247 nodes in a network are supported. make sure always to use screened motor cable.
Network segments are divided with repeaters.
Address range:
Please note that each repeater counts for a node
1 - 247
in each segment it’s installed.
Every node connected to the same network must have Baud Rate:
an unique nodes address, across all segments. 300 - 9600 bps
Every segment must be terminated in both ends,
Cable:
either with the termination switches (switch 2 &
Screened twisted pair (STP)
3) of the VLT 6000 / VLT 8000 or with a biased
Impedance: 120 Ohm
termination resistor network.

For bus-cabling always use cable of screened Cable length:

twisted pair type (STP), and make sure to follow Max. 1200 m (including drop lines)
good common installation practice. Max. 500 m station-to-station
Make sure the screen of the Modbus RTU cable must
always be connected to ground at all nodes.

■ Network Connection
Connect the frequency converter to the Modbus RTU in
accordance with the following procedure (see Figure 1).
1. Connect signal wires to terminal 68 (P+) and
terminal 69 (N-) on main control board of
the frequency converter.
2. The shield of the cable must be connected
to the cable clamps.

NB!:
It is recommended to use shielded, twisted-pair
cables to reduce noise between conductors.

Figure 1 Network Terminal Connection

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Hardware Setup VLT 2800 correct impedance in the network the following resistors
The VLT 2800 control card does not have build-in should be applied at the first and the last station.
termination network for RS 485. To terminate with the

■ Hardware Setup VLT 6000 and VLT 8000

A terminator dip switch on the main control board
of the frequency converter is used to terminate the
Modbus RTU bus. The switch positions shown Figure 2 Terminator Switch Factory Setting
in Figure 2 demonstrate the factory setting. Table NB!:
1 lists the switch functions and settings required Factory setting for DIP Switch is on.
for Modbus RTU operation.

Table 1 Terminator Switch Functions and Modbus RTU

Switch Setting

Installation and
Switches 2 & 3 Used for terminating an RS-485 interface. On first and last devices in a multiple device

Setup
network, or on the only device in a single device network, switches 2 and 3 must be ON.
On all other devices in a multiple device network, 2 and 3 must be OFF.

NB!: The Modbus RTU communication cable must be

Terminator switch positions must be set kept away from motor and brake resistor cables to
correctly in accordance with Table 1 for proper avoid coupling of high frequency noise from one
Modbus RTU serial communication. cable to the other. Normally a distance of 200 mm (8
inches) is sufficient, but it is generally recommended
■ EMC Precautions to keep the greatest possible distance between the
The following EMC precautions are recommended cables, especially where cables run in parallel over
in order to achieve interference-free operation long distances. If the Modbus RTU cable has to
of the Modbus RTU network. cross a motor and brake resistor cable they must
cross each other at an angle of 90 degrees.
NB!:
Relevant national and local regulations,
for example regarding protective earth
connection, must be observed.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ VLT 2800 Parameter Settings for Modbus Description of choice:

Communication The frequency converter’s transmission speed
Using the Modbus RTU Protocol requires setting must be set at a value corresponding to the
of the below listed parameters. transmission speed of the master.
Parameter 501 Baudrate cannot be selected via the
NB!:
serial port, but must be preset via the operating unit.
Please make sure that par. 512 Telegram
Profile is set to FC PROFILE.

See the VLT 2800 Operating Instructions 561 Protocol

MG.28.AX.YY for details on selecting and changing (PROTOCOL)
parameter values, if necessary. Value:
✭FC protocol (FC PROTOCOL) [1]
Metasys N2 (METASYS N2) [2]
500 Address MODBUS RTU (MODBUS RTU) [3]
(BUS ADDRESS)
Function:
Value: There is a choice of three different protocols.
Parameter 500 Protocol = FC protocol [0]
0 - 247 ✭ 1 Description of choice:
Parameter 500 Protocol = Metasys N2 [1] Select the required control word protocol.
1 - 255 ✭ 1
Parameter 500 Protocol = MODBUS RTU [3]
1 - 247 ✭ 1 570 Modbus parity and message framing
Function: (M.BUS PAR./FRAME)
This parameter allows the allocation of an Value:
address to each frequency converter in a serial (EVEN/1 STOPBIT) [0]
communication network. (ODD/1 STOPBIT) [1]
✭ (NO PARITY/1 STOPBIT) [2]
Description of choice: (NO PARITY/2 STOPBIT) [3]
The individual frequency converter must be
allocated a unique address. Function:
If the number of units connected (frequency converters This parameter sets up the drive’s Modbus RTU
+ master) is higher than 31, a repeater must be used. interface to communicate properly with the master
Parameter 500 Address cannot be selected via the serial controller. The parity (EVEN, ODD, or NO PARITY) must
communication, but must be preset via the control unit. be set to match the setting of the master controller.

Description of choice:
Select the parity that matches the setting for the
501 Baudrate Modbus master controller. Even or odd parity is
(BAUDRATE) sometimes used to allow a transmitted word to be
Value: checked for errors. Because Modbus RTU uses
300 Baud (300 BAUD) [0] the more efficient CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check)
600 Baud (600 BAUD) [1] method of checking for errors, parity checking is
1200 Baud (1200 BAUD) [2] seldom used in Modbus RTU networks.
2400 Baud (2400 BAUD) [3]
4800 Baud (4800 BAUD) [4]
✭9600 Baud (9600 BAUD) [5]

Function:
This parameter is for programming the speed at which
data is transmitted via the serial port. Baud rate is
defined as the number of bits transmitted per second.

✭ = factory setting. () = display text [] = value for use in communication via serial communication port

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

571 Modbus communications timeout

(M.BUS COM.TIME.)
Value:
10 ms - 2000 ms ✭ 100 ms

Function:
This parameter determines the maximum amount
of time that the drive’s Modbus RTU will wait
between characters that are sent by the master
controller. When this amount of time expires, the
drive’s Modbus RTU interface will assume that it
has received the entire message.

Description of choice:
Generally, the value of 100 ms is sufficient for Modbus
RTU networks, although some Modbus RTU networks
may operate on a time-out value as short as 35 ms.
If this value is set too short, the drive’s Modbus RTU
interface may miss a part of the message. Since the
CRC check will not be valid, the drive will ignore the
message. The resulting retransmissions of messages
will slow communications on the network.
If this value is set too long, the drive will wait longer
than necessary to determine that the message is
completed. This will delay the drive’s response to the
message and possibly cause the master controller to
time out. The resulting retransmissions of messages
will slow communications on the network.

Programming
Modbus RTU

✭ = factory setting. () = display text [] = value for use in communication via serial communication port
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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ VLT 6000 Parameter Settings for Modbus 570 Modbus parity and message framing
Communication (M.BUS PAR./FRAME)
Using the Modbus RTU Protocol requires setting Value:
of the below listed parameters.
(EVEN/1 STOPBIT) [0]
See the VLT 6000 Operating Instructions
(ODD/1 STOPBIT) [1]
MG.61.AX.YY for details on selecting and changing
✭ (NO PARITY/1 STOPBIT) [2]
parameter values, if necessary.
(NO PARITY/2 STOPBIT) [3]

Function:
500 Protocol This parameter sets up the drive’s Modbus RTU
(PROTOCOL) interface to communicate properly with the master
controller. The parity (EVEN, ODD, or NO PARITY) must
Value:
be set to match the setting of the master controller.
✭FC protocol (FC PROTOCOL) [0]
Metasys N2 (METASYS N2) [1] Description of choice:
Landis/Staefa Apogee FLN (LS FLN) [2] Select the parity that matches the setting for the
Modbus RTU (MODBUS RTU) [3] Modbus master controller. Even or odd parity is
sometimes used to allow a transmitted word to be
Function:
checked for errors. Because Modbus RTU uses
There is a choice of four different protocols.
the more efficient CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check)
Description of choice: method of checking for errors, parity checking is
Select the required control word protocol. seldom used in Modbus RTU networks.

501 Address 571 Modbus communications timeout

(ADDRESS) (M.BUS COM.TIME.)
Value: Value:
Parameter 500 Protocol = FC protocol [0] 10 ms - 2000 ms ✭ 100 ms
0 - 126 ✭ 1
Function:
Parameter 500 Protocol = Metasys N2 [1]
This parameter determines the maximum amount
1 - 255 ✭ 1
of time that the drive’s Modbus RTU will wait
Parameter 500 Protocol = LS FLN [2]
between characters that are sent by the master
0 - 98 ✭ 1
controller. When this amount of time expires, the
Parameter 500 Protocol = MODBUS RTU [3]
drive’s Modbus RTU interface will assume that it
1 - 247 ✭ 1
has received the entire message.
Function: Description of choice:
In this parameter it is possible to allocate an
Generally, the value of 100 ms is sufficient for Modbus
address in a serial communication network to
RTU networks, although some Modbus RTU networks
each frequency converter.
may operate on a time-out value as short as 35 ms.
Description of choice: If this value is set too short, the drive’s Modbus RTU
The individual frequency converter must be interface may miss a part of the message. Since the
given a unique address. CRC check will not be valid, the drive will ignore the
If the number of units connected (frequency message. The resulting retransmissions of messages
converters + master) exceeds 31, an amplifier will slow communications on the network.
(repeater) must be used. Parameter 501 Address If this value is set too long, the drive will wait longer
cannot be chosen via serial communication, but than necessary to determine that the message is
must be set via the LCP control unit. completed. This will delay the drive’s response to the
message and possibly cause the master controller to
time out. The resulting retransmissions of messages
will slow communications on the network.

✭ = factory setting. () = display text [] = value for use in communication via serial communication port

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ VLT 8000 Parameter Settings for Modbus Function:

Communication This parameter sets up the drive’s Modbus RTU
Using the Modbus RTU Protocol requires setting interface to communicate properly with the master
of the below listed parameters. controller. The parity (EVEN, ODD, or NO PARITY) must
See the VLT 8000 Operating Instructions be set to match the setting of the master controller.
MG.80.AX.YY for details on selecting and changing
parameter values, if necessary. Description of choice:
Select the parity that matches the setting for the
Modbus master controller. Even or odd parity is
sometimes used to allow a transmitted word to be
500 Protocol
checked for errors. Because Modbus RTU uses
(PROTOCOL)
the more efficient CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check)
Value: method of checking for errors, parity checking is
✭FC protocol (FC PROTOCOL) [0] seldom used in Modbus RTU networks.
Modbus RTU (MODBUS RTU) [1]

Function:
There is a choice of two different protocols. 571 Modbus communications timeout
(M.BUS COM.TIME.)
Description of choice:
Value:
Select the required control word protocol. 10 ms - 2000 ms ✭ 100 ms

Function:
This parameter determines the maximum amount
501 Address
of time that the drive’s Modbus RTU will wait
(ADDRESS)
between characters that are sent by the master
Value:
controller. When this amount of time expires, the
Parameter 500 Protocol = FC protocol [0]
drive’s Modbus RTU interface will assume that it
0 - 126 ✭ 1
has received the entire message.
Parameter 500 Protocol = MODBUS RTU [1]
1 - 247 ✭ 1 Description of choice:
Generally, the value of 100 ms is sufficient for Modbus
Function:
RTU networks, although some Modbus RTU networks
In this parameter it is possible to allocate an
may operate on a time-out value as short as 35 ms.
address in a serial communication network to
If this value is set too short, the drive’s Modbus RTU
each frequency converter.
interface may miss a part of the message. Since the
Description of choice: CRC check will not be valid, the drive will ignore the
Programming
Modbus RTU
message. The resulting retransmissions of messages
The individual frequency converter must be
will slow communications on the network.
given a unique address.
If this value is set too long, the drive will wait longer
If the number of units connected (frequency
than necessary to determine that the message is
converters + master) exceeds 31, an amplifier
completed. This will delay the drive’s response to the
(repeater) must be used. Parameter 501 Address
message and possibly cause the master controller to
cannot be chosen via serial communication, but
time out. The resulting retransmissions of messages
must be set via the LCP control unit.
will slow communications on the network.

570 Modbus parity and message framing

(M.BUS PAR./FRAME)
Value:
(EVEN/1 STOPBIT) [0]
(ODD/1 STOPBIT) [1]
✭ (NO PARITY/1 STOPBIT) [2]
(NO PARITY/2 STOPBIT) [3]

✭ = factory setting. () = display text [] = value for use in communication via serial communication port
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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Network Configuration

■ Remote Terminal Unit

The controllers are setup to communicate on the
Modbus network using RTU (Remote Terminal Coding System: 8-bit binary, hexadecimal 0-9, A-F

Unit) mode, with each 8-bit byte in a message Two hexadecimal characters contained in

contains two 4-bit hexadecimal characters. The each 8-bit field of the message

format for each byte is shown below.

Bits Per Byte: 1 start bit
8 data bits, least significant bit sent first
1 bit for even/odd parity; no bit for no parity
1 stop bit if parity is used; 2 bits if no parity

Error Check Field: Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC)

Start bit Data bit Stop/ Stop

parity

■ Modbus RTU Message Framing Structure monitor the network bus continuously, including ‘silent’
A Modbus RTU message is placed by the transmitting intervals. When the first field (the address field) is
device into a frame with a known beginning and received, each frequency converter or device decodes
ending point. This allows receiving devices to begin it to determine whether it is the addressed device.
at the start of the message, read the address portion,
determine which device is addressed (or all devices, Modbus RTU messages addressed to zero are
if the message is broadcast), and to know when broadcast messages. No response is permitted
the message is completed. Partial messages are on broadcast messages.
detected and errors set as a result. A typical message frame is shown below.
The allowable characters transmitted for all fields
are hexadecimal 00 to FF. The frequency converter

Start Address Function Data CRC Check End

T1-T2-T3-T4 8 Bits 8 Bits n x 8 bits 16 Bits T1-T2-T3-T4
Typical Modbus RTU Message Structure

■ Start/Stop Field message and assumes that the next byte will be
Messages start with a silent interval of at least 3.5 the address field of a new message.
character times. This is implemented as a multiple of
character times at the selected network baud rate Similarly, if a new message begins earlier that 3.5
(shown as Start T1-T2-T3-T4). The first field then character times following a previous message, the
transmitted is the device address. Following the last receiving device will consider it a continuation of the
transmitted character, a similar interval of at least 3.5 previous message. This will cause a time-out (no
character times marks the end of the message. A response from the slave), since the value in the final
new message can begin after this interval. CRC field is not valid for the combined messages.

The entire message frame must be transmitted as a

continuous stream. If a silent interval of more than
1.5 character times occurs before completion of the
frame, the receiving device flushes the incomplete

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Address Field appends the CRC as the last field in the message. The
The address field of a message frame contains 8 bits. receiving device recalculates a CRC during receipt of
Valid slave device addresses are in the range of 0 – the message and compares the calculated value to
247 decimal. The individual slave devices are assigned the actual value received in the CRC field. If the two
addresses in the range of 1 – 247. (0 is reserved for values are not equal, a bus time-out results.
broadcast mode, which all slaves recognize.) A master
addresses a slave by placing the slave address in the The error checking field contains a 16-bit binary
address field of the message. When the slave sends its value implemented as two 8-bit bytes. When this is
response, it places its own address in this address field done, the low-order byte of the field is appended first,
to let the master know which slave is responding. followed by the high-order byte. The CRC high-order
byte is the last byte sent in the message.

■ Function Field
The function field of a message frame contains 8 bits. ■ Coil/Register Addressing
Valid codes are in the range of 1-FF. (See section All data addresses in Modbus messages are referenced
Modbus RTU Function Codes.) When a message is to zero. The first occurrence of a data item is
sent from a master to a slave device, the function code addressed as item number zero. For example:
field tells the slave what kind of action to perform. The coil known as ‘coil 1’ in a programmable controller
When the slave responds to the master, it uses the is addressed as coil 0000 in the data address
function code field to indicate either a normal (error-free) field of a Modbus message. Coil 127 decimal is
response, or that some kind of error occurred (called addressed as coil 007EHEX (126 decimal).
an exception response). For a normal response, the Holding register 40001 is addressed as register
slave simply echoes the original function code. For 0000 in the data address field of the message.
an exception response, the slave returns a code The function code field already specifies a ‘holding
that is equivalent to the original function code with register’ operation. Therefore, the ‘4XXXX’ reference
its most-significant bit set to a logic 1. In addition, is implicit. Holding register 40108 is addressed
the slave places a unique code into the data field as register 006BHEX (107 decimal).
of the response message. This tells the master
what kind of error occurred, or the reason for the
exception. See the chapter Exception Codes in
these operating instructions for definitions.

■ Data Field
The data field is constructed using sets of two
hexadecimal digits, in the range of 00 to FF
hexadecimal. These are made from one RTU character.
The data field of messages sent from a master to slave
device contains additional information which the slave
must use to take the action defined by the function
code. This can include items like coil or register
addresses, the quantity of items to be handled, and
the count of actual data bytes in the field.
Configuration
Network

■ CRC Check Field

Messages include an error-checking field that is based
on a cyclical redundancy check (CRC) method. The
CRC field checks the contents of the entire message. It
is applied regardless of any parity check method used
for the individual characters of the message. The CRC
value is calculated by the transmitting device, which

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Parameter Handling

■ Parameter Handling Index Factor

PNU (Parameter Number) is translated from the 74 3.6
register address contained in the Modbus read/write 2 100.0
message. The parameter number is translated to 1 10.0
Modbus as (10 x parameter number)DECIMAL. 0 1.0
-1 0.1
-2 0.01
■ Storage of Data -3 0.001
Coil 65 decimal determines whether data written to
-4 0.0001
the frequency converter are stored in EEPROM and
RAM (coil 65 = 1) or just RAM (coil 65 = 0).

■ Parameter Values
Standard Data Types
■ IND Standard data types are int16, int32, uint8, uint16
Array index is set in Holding Register 9 and used and uint32. They are stored as 4x registers (40001 –
when accessing array parameters in the frequency 4FFFF). The parameters are read using function 03HEX
converter such as parameter 606-617 (Logs). "Read Holding Registers." Parameters are written using
function 6HEX "Preset Single Register" for 1 register (16
bits), and function 10HEX "Preset Multiple Registers" for
■ Text Blocks 2 registers (32 bits). Valid sizes to read are 1 register
Parameters stored as text strings are accessed in the (16 bits) and through 10 registers (20 characters).
same way as the other parameters. The maximum
Nonstandard Data Types
text block size is 20 characters. If a read request for a
Nonstandard data types are text strings and are stored
parameter is for more characters than the parameter
as 4x registers (40001 – 4FFFF). The parameters are
stores, the response is space filled. If the read
read using function 03HEX "Read Holding Registers"
request for a parameter is for less characters than the
and written using function 10HEX "Preset Multiple
parameter stores, the response is truncated.
Registers." Valid sizes to read are 1 register (2
characters) through 10 registers (20 characters).

■ PCD1 / PCD2
PCD contains the process word block. The parameter
value block consists of 2 words (4 bytes). The process
word block is divided into two blocks of 16 bits and
is stored in Modbus as status coils. The mapping
of the PCD is shown in the table below.

■ Conversion Factor
The different attributes for each parameter can be seen
in the section on factory settings. Since a parameter
value can only be transferred as a whole number, a
conversion factor must be used to transfer decimals.

Parameter 201: Minimum Frequency, conversion

factor 0.1. If parameter 201 is to be set to 10
Hz, a value of 100 must be transferred, since a
conversion factor of 0.1 means that the transferred
value will be multiplied by 0.1. A value of 100 will,
therefore, be understood as 10.0.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Register Maps VLT 2800

Note: the Holding Register number shown in the following table must be transmitted as ("shown value-1") in
MODBUS telegrams (e.g. Holding Register 4:00001 is transmitted as address 0 in MODBUS telegrams).

Holding Register Description

(decimal)
00001-00008 Reserved
00009 Array index (1-255)

Parameter
00010 Parameter 001, Language

Handling
↓ ↓
00250 Parameter 025, Quick Menu Setup
00260-00999 Reserved
01000 Parameter 100, Configuration
↓ ↓
01460 Parameter 146, Reset Voltage Vector
01470-1999 Reserved
02000 Parameter 200, Output Frequency Range
↓ ↓
02310 Parameter 231, Frequency Bypass 2
02320-02999 Reserved
03020 Parameter 302, Digital Input, Terminal 18
↓ ↓
03490 Parameter 349, Speed Compensation Delay
03500-03999 Reserved
04000 Parameter 400, Reset Function
↓ ↓
04560 Parameter 456, Brake Voltage Reduce
04570-04999 Reserved
05000 Parameter 500, Protocol
↓ ↓
05440 Parameter 544, Pulse Count
05450-05999 Reserved
06000 Parameter 600, Operating Data: Operating Hours
↓ ↓
06420 Parameter 642, Power Card Identification
06430-65536 Reserved

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Register Maps VLT 6000

Note: the Holding Register number shown in the following table must be transmitted as ("shown value-1") in
MODBUS telegrams (e.g. Holding Register 4:00001 is transmitted as address 0 in MODBUS telegrams).

Holding Register Description

(decimal)
00001-00008 Reserved
00009 Array index (1-255)
00010 Parameter 001, Language
↓ ↓
00170 Parameter 017, Operating State at Power-up
00180-00999 Reserved
01000 Parameter 100, Configuration
↓ ↓
01180 Parameter 118, Motor Power Factor
01190-1999 Reserved
02000 Parameter 200, Output Frequency Range
↓ ↓
02280 Parameter 228, Warning: High Feedback
02290-02999 Reserved
03000 Parameter 300, Terminal 16 Digital Input
↓ ↓
03650 Parameter 365, Terminal 45, Bus Control
03660-03999 Reserved
04000 Parameter 400, Reset Function
↓ ↓
04830 Parameter 483, Dynamic DC Link Compensation
04840-04999 Reserved
05000 Parameter 500, Protocol
↓ ↓
05710 Parameter 571, Modbus Communications Timeout
05720-05999 Reserved
06000 Parameter 600, Operating Data: Operating Hours
↓ ↓
06310 Parameter 631, Nameplate: Communication Option Ordering No.
06320-06999 Reserved
07000 Parameter 700, Relay 6, Output Function
↓ ↓
07110 Parameter 711, Relay 9, Off Delay
07120-65536 Reserved

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Register Maps VLT 8000

Note: the Holding Register number shown in the following table must be transmitted as ("shown value-1") in
MODBUS telegrams (e.g. Holding Register 4:00001 is transmitted as address 0 in MODBUS telegrams).

Holding Register Description

(decimal)
00001-00008 Reserved
00009 Array index (1-255)

Parameter
00010 Parameter 001, Language

Handling
↓ ↓
00170 Parameter 017, Operating State at Power-up
00180-00999 Reserved
01000 Parameter 100, Configuration
↓ ↓
01240 Parameter 124, Stator Reactance
01250-1999 Reserved
02000 Parameter 200, Output Frequency Range
↓ ↓
02310 Parameter 231, Filled Set Point
02320-02999 Reserved
03000 Parameter 300, Terminal 16 Digital Input
↓ ↓
03650 Parameter 365, Terminal 45, Bus Control
03660-03999 Reserved
04000 Parameter 400, Reset Function
↓ ↓
04830 Parameter 483, Dynamic DC Link Compensation
04840-04999 Reserved
05000 Parameter 500, Protocol
↓ ↓
05710 Parameter 571, Modbus Communications Timeout
05720-05999 Reserved
06000 Parameter 600, Operating Data: Operating Hours
↓ ↓
06310 Parameter 631, Nameplate: Communication Option Ordering No.
06320-06999 Reserved
07000 Parameter 700, Relay 6, Output Function
↓ ↓
07110 Parameter 711, Relay 9, Off Delay
07120-65536 Reserved

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Process Data

Process Data is illustrated as coils in Modbus RTU.

■ Status Coil Maps Coil Description

(128 coils total) Number
1-16 PCD1 Control Word (master → slave)
Note: The coil number shown in the following table
17-32 PCD2 Reference Value (master →
must be transmitted as ("shown value-1") in MODBUS
slave)
telegrams (e.g. Coil number 0:00001 is transmitted
33-48 PCD1 Status Word (slave → master)
as address 0000 in the MODBUS telegram).
49-64 PCD2 Given output frequency (slave
→ master)
65 Write parameters to eeprom (1 = true
/ 0 = false)
66-128 Reserved

■ Control Word Bit Descriptions for VLT 2800 Preset ref. Parameter Bit 01 Bit 00
The control word is used to send commands from a 1 215 0 0
master (e.g. a PC) to a slave (frequency converter). 2 216 0 1
3 217 1 0
4 218 1 1

NB!:
In parameter 508 Selection of preset
reference a selection is made to define how
Bit Bit = 0 Bit =1 Bit 00/01 gates with the corresponding
00 Preset ref. lsb function on the digital inputs.
01 Preset ref. msb
02 DC braking Bit 02, DC brake:
03 Coasting stop Bit 02 = ’0’ causes DC braking and stop. Brake
04 Quick stop voltage and duration are preset in parameters
05 Freeze outp. freq. 132 DC brake voltage and parameter 126 DC
06 Ramp stop Start braking time. Note: In parameter 504 DC brake a
07 Reset
selection is made to define how Bit 02 gates with the
08 Jog
corresponding function on a digital input.
09 Ramp 1 Ramp 2
10 Data not valid Data valid Bit 03, Coasting stop:
11 No function Relay 01 activated Bit 03 = ’0’ causes the frequency converter to
12 No function Digital output immediately "let go" of the motor (the output transistors
Terminal 46 are "shut off"), so that it coasts to a standstill.
activated Bit 03 = ’1’ causes the frequency converter to be able
13 Select Setup, lsb
start the motor if the other starting conditions have
14 Select Setup, msb
been fulfilled. Note: In parameter 502 Coasting stop
15 Reversing
a selection is made to define how Bit 03 gates with
the corresponding function on a digital input.
Bit 00/01:
Bit 00/01 is used to select between the two
pre-programmed references (parameters 215-218
Preset reference) according to the following table:

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

Bit 04, Quick stop:

Bit 11, Relay 01:
Bit 04 = ’0’ causes a stop, in which the motor’s
Bit 11 = "0" Relay not activated.
speed is ramped down to stop via parameter
Bit 11 = "1" Relay 01 activated, provided Control
212 Quick stop ramp-down time.
word bit has been chosen in parameter 323.
Bit 05, Freeze output frequency:
Bit 12, Digital output, terminal 46:
Bit 05 = ’0’ causes the present output frequency
Bit 12 = "0" Digital output has not been activated.
(in Hz) to freeze. The frozen output frequency can
Bit 12 = "1" Digital output has been activated, provided
now only be changed by means of the digital inputs
Control word bit has been chosen in parameter 341.

Parameter
programmed to Speed up and Speed down.

Handling
Bit 13/14, Selection of Setup:
NB!:
Bits 13 and 14 are used to choose from the four menu
If Freeze output is active, the frequency
Setups according to the following table:
converter cannot be stopped via Bit 06 Start
or via a digital input. The frequency converter Setup Bit 14 Bit 13
can only be stopped by the following: 1 0 0
• Bit 03 Coasting stop 2 0 1
• Bit 02 DC braking 3 1 0
• Digital input programmed to DC braking, Coasting 4 1 1
stop or Reset and coasting stop.
The function is only possible when Multi-Setups is
Bit 06, Ramp stop/start: selected in parameter 004 Active Setup .
Bit 06 = ’0’ causes a stop, in which the motor’s Note: I parameter 507 Selection of Setup a selection
speed is ramped down to stop via the selected is made to define how Bit 13/14 gates with the
ramp down parameter. corresponding function on the digital inputs.
Bit 06 = ’1’ causes the frequency converter to be able
to start the motor, if the other starting conditions have Bit 15 Reversing:
been fulfilled. Note: In parameter 505 Start a selection Bit 15 = ’0’ causes no reversing.
is made to define how Bit 06 Ramp stop/start gates Bit 15 = ’1’ causes reversing.
with the corresponding function on a digital input. Note: In the factory setting reversing is set to
digital in parameter 506 Reversing. Bit 15 only
Bit 07, Reset: causes reversing when either Ser. communication,
Bit 07 = ’0’ does not cause a reset. Logic or or Logic and is selected.
Bit 07 = ’1’ causes the reset of a trip. Reset is
activated on the signal’s leading edge, i.e. when
changing from logic ’0’ to logic ’1’.
■ Status Word Bit Description for VLT 2800
Bit 08, Jog:
Bit 08 = ’1’ causes the output frequency to be
determined by parameter 213 Jog frequency.

Bit 09, Selection of ramp 1/2:

Bit 09 = "0" means that ramp 1 is active (parameters
207/208). Bit 09 = "1" means that ramp 2
(parameters 209/210) is active. The status word is used to inform the master
(e.g. a PC) of the slave’s (frequency converter)
Bit 10, Data not valid/Data valid:
mode. Slave⇒Master.
Is used to tell the frequency converter whether the
control word is to be used or ignored. Bit 10 = ’0’
causes the control word to be ignored, Bit 10 = ’1’
causes the control word to be used. This function
is relevant, because the control word is always
contained in the telegram, regardless of which type
of telegram is used, i.e. it is possible to turn off the
control word if you do not wish to use it in connection
with updating or reading parameters.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

Bit Bit = 0 Bit =1 Bit 07, No warning/warning:

00 Control ready Bit 07 = ’0’ means that there are no warnings.
01 Drive ready Bit 07 = ’1’ means that a warning has occurred.
02 Coasting stop
03 No trip Trip Bit 08, Speed≠ ref/speed = ref.:
04 Not used Bit 08 = ’0’ means that the motor is running, but that
05 Not used the present speed is different from the preset speed
06 Trip lock reference. It might, for example, be the case while the
07 No warning Warning speed is being ramped up/down during start/stop.
08 Speed ≠ ref. Speed = ref. Bit 08 = ’1’ means that the motor’s present speed
09 Local control Ser. communi. is the same as the preset speed reference.
10 Outside Frequency limit
frequency range OK Bit 09, Local operation/serial communication control:
11 Motor running Bit 09 = ’0’ means that [STOP/RESET] is activated
12 on the control unit, or that Local control in parameter
13 Voltage warn. 002 Local/remote operation is selected. It is
14 Current limit not possible to control the frequency converter
15 Thermal warn. via serial communication.
Bit 09 = ’1’ means that it is possible to control the
Bit 00, Control ready: frequency converter via serial communication.
Bit 00 = ’1’. The frequency converter is
Bit 10, Outside frequency range:
ready for operation.
Bit 10 = ’0’, if the output frequency has reached
Bit 00 = ’0’. The frequency converter is not
the value in parameter 201 Output frequency
ready for operation.
low limit or parameter 202 Output frequency
Bit 01, Drive ready: high limit. Bit 10 = "1" means that the output
Bit 01 = ’1’. The frequency converter is ready for frequency is within the defined limits.
operation, but there is an active coasting command
Bit 11, Running/not running:
via the digital inputs or via serial communication.
Bit 11 = ’0’ means that the motor is not running.
Bit 02, Coasting stop: Bit 11 = ’1’ means that the frequency converter
Bit 02 = ’0’. The frequency converter has has a start signal or that the output frequency
released the motor. is greater than 0 Hz.
Bit 02 = ’1’. The frequency converter can start the
Bit 13, Voltage warning high/low:
motor when a start command is given.
Bit 13 = ’0’ means that there are no voltage warnings.
Bit 03, No trip/trip: Bit 13 = ’1’ means that the DC voltage in the frequency
Bit 03 = ’0’ means that the frequency converter converter’s intermediate circuit is too low or too high.
is not in fault mode.
Bit 14, Current limit:
Bit 03 = ’1’ means that the frequency converter
Bit 14 = ’0’ means that the output current is less than
is tripped, and that it needs a reset signal for
the value in parameter 221 Current Limit ILIM.
operation to be re-established.
Bit 14 = ’1’ means that the output current is greater than
Bit 04, Not used: the value in parameter 221 Current Limit ILIM and that
Bit 04 is not used in the status word. the frequency converter will trip after a set period of time.

Bit 05, Not used: Bit 15, Thermal warning:

Bit 05 is not used in the status word. Bit 15 = ’0’ means that there is no thermal warning.
Bit 15 = ’1’ means that the temperature limit has been
Bit 06, Trip lock: exceeded in either the motor, frequency converter or
Bit 06 = ’0’ means that the frequency converter from a thermistor that is connected to a digital input.
is not trip locked.
Bit 06 = ’1’ means that the frequency converter
is trip locked and it cannot be reset before the
mains supply has been removed. The trip can be
reset either with 24 V external control back up or
after the power is connected again.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Serial communication reference ■ Present output frequency

The serial communication reference is transferred to The value of the frequency converter’s present output
the frequency converter as a 16-bit word. The value is frequency is transferred as a 16-bit word. The value is

Parameter
Handling
transferred in whole numbers 0 - ±32767 (±200%). transferred as whole numbers 0 - ±32767 (±200%).
16384 (4000 Hex) corresponds to 100%. 16384 (4000 Hex) corresponds to 100%.
The serial communication reference has the following Output frequency has the following format:
format: 0-16384 (4000 Hex) 0-100% (Par. 204 0-16384 (4000 Hex) 0-100% (Par. 201
Minimum ref. - Par. 205 Maximum ref.). Output frequency low limit - Par. 202 Output
It is possible to change the direction of rotation via the frequency high limit).
serial reference. This is done by converting the binary Example - Status word and current output frequency:
reference value to 2’ complement. See example. The master receives a status message from the
Example - Control word and serial communication ref.: frequency converter that the current output frequency
The frequency converter is to receive a start is 50% of the output frequency range.
command and the reference is to be set to 50% Par. 201 Output frequency low limit = 0 Hz
(2000 Hex) of the reference range. Par. 202 Output frequency high limit = 50 Hz
Control word = 047F Hex ⇒ Start command. Status word = 0F03 Hex.
Reference = 2000 Hex ⇒ 50% reference. Output frequency = 2000 Hex ⇒ 50% of the frequency
range, corresponding to 25 Hz.

The frequency converter is to receive a start

command and the reference is to be set to -50%
(-2000 Hex) of the reference range.
The reference value is first converted to 1’ complement,
and then 1 is added binarily to obtain 2’ complement:
■ Control Word Bit Descriptions VLT 6000 / VLT 8000
2000 Hex 0010 0000 0000 0000 0000 The control word is used for transmitting commands
1’ complement 1101 1111 1111 1111 1111 from a master (e.g. a PC) to a slave.
+ 1
2’ complement 1110 0000 0000 0000 0000

Control word = 047F Hex ⇒ Start command.

Reference = E000 Hex ⇒ -50% reference.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

Bit Bit = 0 Bit =1 Bit 05 = "0" means that the given output frequency (in
00 Preset ref. lsb Hz) is frozen. The frozen output frequency can now
01 Preset ref. msb
02 DC braking only be changed via the digital inputs programmed
03 Coasting stop for Speed up and Speed down.
04 Quick stop
05 Freeze output frequency NB!:
06 Ramp stop Start If Freeze output is active, the frequency
07 Reset
converter cannot be stopped via Bit 06 Start
08 Jog
09 No function No function or via terminal 18. The frequency converter
10 Data not valid Data valid can only be stopped in the following ways:
11 Activate relay 1
12 Activate relay 2 • Bit 03 Coasting stop
13 Choice of setup lsb • Terminal 27
14 Choice of setup msb
15 Reversing • Bit 02 DC braking
• Terminal 19 programmed for DC braking
Bit 00/01: Bit 06, Ramp stop/start:
Bits 00 and 01 are used for choosing between the four wBit 04 = "0" leads to a stop in which the motor
pre-programmed references (parameters 211- 214 speed is ramped down to stop via parameter
Preset reference) in accordance with the following table: 207 Ramp-down time.
Preset ref. Parameter Bit 01 Bit 00 Bit 06 = "1" means that the frequency converter is able
1 211 0 0 to start the motor, provided the other conditions for
2 212 0 1
starting are fulfilled. Note: In parameter 505 Start a
3 213 1 0
4 214 1 1 choice is made of the way bit 06 Ramp stop/start is to
be gated with the corresponding function of terminal 18.
NB!: Bit 07, Reset:
Parameter 508 Choice of preset reference Bit 07 = "0" leads to no reset.
is used to choose how bits 00/01 are Bit 07 = "1" means that a trip is reset.
to be gated with the corresponding Reset is activated on the leading edge of the signal,
functions of the digital inputs. i.e. at the change from logic ’0’ to logic ’1’.

Bit 02, DC BRAKE: Bit 08, Jog:

Bit 02 = 0 leads to DC braking and stop. Set Bit 08 = "1" means that the output frequency is
braking current and duration in parameter 114 DC determined by parameter 209 Jog frequency.
braking current and in parameter 115 DC braking
time. Note: Parameter 504 DC brake is used Bit 09, No function:
for selecting how bit 02 is to be gated with the Bit 09 has no function.
corresponding function of terminal 27.
Bit 10, Data not valid/Data valid:
Bit 03, Coasting stop: Used for telling the frequency converter whether the
Bit 03 = "0" means that the frequency converter control is to be used or ignored. Bit 10 = "0" means that
immediately "lets go" of the motor (the output the control word is ignored. Bit 10 = "1" means that the
transistors are "turned off"), which means that control word is used. This function is relevant because
the motor runs freely until it stops. the control word is always contained in the telegram,
Bit 03 = "1" means that the frequency converter is able regardless of the type of telegram used, i.e. it is possible
to start the motor, provided the other conditions for to disconnect the control word if it is not to be used in
starting are fulfilled. Note: In parameter 503 Coasting connection with updating or reading of parameters.
stop the choice is made of how bit 03 is to be gated
Bit 11, Relay 1:
with the corresponding function of terminal 27.
Bit 11 = "0": Relay 1 is not activated.
Bit 04, Quick stop: Bit 11 = "1": Relay 1 is activated, provided
Bit 04 = "0" leads to a stop in which the motor Control word bits 11/12 has been selected in
speed is ramped down to stop via parameter parameter 323 Relay outputs.
207 Ramp-down time.
Bit 12, Relay 2:
Bit 05, Freeze output frequency: Bit 12 = "0": Relay 2 is not activated.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

Bit 12 = "1": Relay 2 is activated, provided Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1

Control word bits 11/12 has been selected in 00 Trip Control ready
01 Drive ready
parameter 326 Relay outputs. 02 Stand by
03 No trip Trip
NB!: 04 Not in use
If the time-out period set in parameter 556 05 Not in use
Bus time interval function is exceeded, relays 06 Not in use
07 No warning Warning
1 and 2 will lose their voltage if they have
08 Speed ≠ref. Speed = ref.
been activated via serial communication. 09 Local operation Serial com. control

Parameter
10 Out of frequency range

Handling
Bits 13/14, Choice of Setup: 11 Running
Bits 13 and 14 are used to choose among the four 12 No function No function
menu Setups in accordance with the following table:
13 Voltage warning
high/low
Setup Bit 14 Bit 13 14 Current limit
1 0 0 15 Thermal warning
2 0 1
3 1 0
4 1 1 Bit 00, Control ready:
Bit 00 = "1". The frequency converter is
This function is only possible if Multi-setups has ready for operation.
been selected in parameter 004. Bit 00 = "0". The frequency converter has tripped.
Note: In parameter 507 Choice of Setup a choice is Bit 01, Drive ready:
made of the way bits 13/14 are to be gated with the Bit 01 = "1". The frequency converter is ready for
corresponding function of the digital inputs. operation, but terminal 27 is a logic ’0’ and/or a coasting
Bit 15, No function/reversing: command has been received via serial communication.
Bit 15 = "0" leads to no reversing. Bit 02, Stand by:
Bit 15 = "1" leads to reversing. Bit 02 = "1". The frequency converter is able to start
Please note that, in the factory setting, reversing has the motor when a start command is given.
been selected as digital in parameter 506 Reversing, Bit 03, No trip/trip:
which means that bit 15 only leads to reversing, if Bit 03 = "0" means that the VLT 6000 HVAC is not
bus, logic or orlogic and has been selected (however, in an error state. Bit 03 = "1" means that the VLT
logic and only together with terminal 19). 6000 HVAC has tripped and needs a reset signal
in order for operation to be resumed.
Bit 04, Not in use:
■ Status Word Bit Descriptions VLT 6000 / VLT 8000 Bit 04 is not used in the status word.
The status word is used to inform the master
Bit 05, Not in use:
(e.g. a PC) of the condition of the slave (VLT
Bit 05 is not used in the status word.
6000 HVAC / VLT 8000 AQUA).
Bit 06, Trip lock:
Bit 06: "1" means that there is a trip lock.

Bit 07, No warning/warning:

Bit 07 = "0" means there is no warning.
Bit 07 = "1" means a warning has occurred.

NB!:
All warnings are described in the Operating
Instructions.

Bit 08, Speed ≠ref./speed = ref.:

Bit 08 = "0" means that the motor is running, but
that the present speed is different from the preset

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

speed reference. This may be the case, i.e. when The serial communication reference is transmitted to
the speed is ramped up/down at start/stop. the frequency converter in the form of a 16-bit word.
Bit 08 = "1" means that the present motor speed The value is transmitted as whole numbers 0 - ±32767
equals the preset speed reference. (±200 %). 16384 (4000 Hex) corresponds to 100 %.

Bit 09, Local operation/serial communication control: The serial communication reference has the
Bit 09 = "0" means that OFF/STOP has been activated following format:
on the control unit, or that the VLT 6000 HVAC is
in Hand mode. It is not possible to control the VLT 0-16384 (4000 Hex) - 0-100 % (par. 204 Minimum
frequency converter via serial communication. ref. - Par. 205 Maximum ref.).
Bit 09 = "1" means that it is possible to control the It is possible to change the direction of rotation via
frequency converter via serial communication. the serial reference. This is done by converting the
Bit 10, Out of frequency range: binary reference value to 2’s complement.
Bit 10 = "0" if the output frequency has reached See example.
the value in parameter 201 Output frequency Example - control word and serial communication ref.:
low limit or parameter 202 Output frequency The frequency converter must receive a start
high limit. Bit 10 = "1" means that the output command, and the reference is to be set to 50 %
frequency is within the limits stated. (2000 Hex) of the reference range.
Bit 11, Not running/running: Control word = 047F Hex. Start command
Bit 11 = "0" means that the motor is not running. Reference = 2000 Hex. 50 % reference
Bit 11 = "1" means that the VLT 6000 HVAC has a start
signal, or that the output frequency is greater than 0 Hz.

Bit 12, No function:

Bit 12 has no function.

Bit 13, Voltage warning high/low:

Bit 13 = "0" means that there is no voltage warning.
The frequency converter is to receive a start
Bit 13 = "1" means that the DC voltage of the VLT 6000
command, and the reference is to be set to -50 %
HVAC intermediate circuit is too low or too high.
(-2000 Hex) of the reference range.
See the voltage limits on page 160.
The reference value is first converted to the
Bit 14, Current limit: first complement; then 1 binary is added to
Bit 14 = "0" means that the output current is smaller get 2’s complement:
than the value in parameter 215 Current limit ILIM. 2000 Hex = 0010 0000 0000 0000 binary
Bit 14 = "1" means that the output current is higher
than the value in parameter 215 Current limit ILIM and 1́ komplement = 1101 1111 1111 1111 binary
the frequency converter will trip after the time set in + 1 binary
parameter 412 Trip delay overcurrent, ILIM has passed. 2́ komplement = 1110 0000 0000 0000 binary
Bit 15, Thermal warning:
Control word = 047F Hex. Start command
Bit 15 = "0" means there is no thermal warning. Reference = E000 Hex. -50 % reference
Bit 15 = "1" means that the temperature limit has been
exceeded either in the motor, in the frequency converter
or from a thermistor connected to an analogue input.

■ Serial communication reference

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Present output frequency

The value of the present output frequency of the

frequency converter at any given time is transmitted

Parameter
Handling
as a 16-bit word. The value is transmitted in the form
of whole numbers 0 - ±32767 (±200 %).
16384 (4000 Hex) corresponds to 100 %.

The output frequency has the following format:

0-16384 (4000 Hex) 0-100 % (Par. 201

Output frequency low limit - Par. 202 Output
frequency high limit).

Example - Status word and present output frequency:

and present output frequency: The master receives
a status message from the frequency converter
saying that the present output frequency is 50
% of the output frequency range.
Par. 201 Output 0 Hz
frequency low limit =
Par. 202 Output 50 Hz
frequency high limit =

Status word = 0F03 Hex. Status

message
Output frequency = 2000 Hex. 50 % of
the frequency range,
corresponding to 25 Hz.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Supported Modbus RTU Function Codes

This section describes the following functions
supported by the Modbus RTU.
Read Coil Status (01HEX) Read Holding Registers (03HEX)
Force Single Coil (05HEX) Preset Single Register (06HEX)
Force Multiple Coils (0FHEX) Preset Multiple Registers (10HEX)

■ Read Coil Status (01HEX)

Description ■ Force Single Coil (05HEX)
Reads the ON/OFF status of discrete outputs Description
(0X references, coils) in the slave. Broadcast Forces a single coil (0X reference) to either ON or
is never supported for reads. OFF. When broadcast, the function forces the same
coil references in all attached slaves.
Query
The query message specifies the starting coil and Query
quantity of coils to be read. Coils are addressed The query message specifies the coil reference
starting at zero. Coils 1-16 are addressed as 0-15. to be forced. Coils are addressed starting at
zero. Coil 1 is addressed as 0. Force Data = 00
Example of a request to read coils 33-48 (Status 00HEX (OFF) or FF 00HEX (ON).
Word) from slave device 01.
See example 1 Start Motor, Run Speed 40%.
Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01 Field Name Example (HEX)
Function 01 Slave Address 01
Starting Address HI 00 Function 05
Starting Address LO 20 Coil Address HI 00
No. of Points HI 00 Coil Address LO 00
No. of Points LO 10 Force Data HI FF
Error Check (CRC) - Force Data LO 00
Error Check (CRC) -
Response
The coil status in the response message is packed as Response
one coil per bit of the data field. Status is indicated as: The normal response is an echo of the query, returned
1 = ON; 0 = OFF. The LSB of the first data byte contains after the coil state has been forced.
the coil addressed in the query. The other coils follow
Field Name Example (HEX)
toward the high order end of this byte, and from ‘low
Slave Address 01
order to high order’ in subsequent bytes. If the returned Function 05
coil quantity is not a multiple of eight, the remaining bits Force Data HI FF
in the final data byte will be padded with zeros (toward Force Data LO 00
the high order end of the byte). The Byte Count field Quantity of Coils HI 00
specifies the quantity of complete bytes of data. Quantity of Coils LO 0A
Field Name Example (HEX) Error Check (CRC) -
Slave Address 01
Function 01
Byte Count 02
Data (Coils 40-33) 55 ■ Force Multiple Coils (0FHEX)
Data (Coils 48-41) AA Description
Error Check (CRC) - Forces each coil (0X reference) in a sequence of coils to
either ON or OFF. When broadcast, the function forces
the same coil references in all attached slaves.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

Query Field Name Example (HEX)

Slave Address 01
The query message specifies the coil references
Function 03
to be forced. Coils are addressed starting at
Starting Address HI 00
zero. Coil 1 is addressed as 0.
Starting Address LO 00
See example 1 Start Motor, Run Speed 40 %. No. of Points HI 00
No. of Points LO 03
Field Name Example (HEX) Error Check (CRC) -
Slave Address 01
Function 0F
Coil Address HI 00 Response
Coil Address LO 00 The register data in the response message are
Quantity of Coils HI 00 packed as two bytes per register, with the binary
Quantity of Coils LO 0A contents right justified within each byte. For each
Byt Count 02 register, the first byte contains the high order bits
Force Data HI (Coils FF and second contains the low order bits.
8-1)

Supported Modbus RTU

Field Name Example (HEX)
Force Data LO (Coils 03 Slave Address 01

Function Codes
10-9) Function 03
Error Check (CRC) - Byte Count 06
Data HI (Register 55
Response 40001)
The normal response returns the slave address, function Data LO (Register AA
code, starting address, and quantity of coils forced. 40001)
Data HI (Register 55
Field Name Example (HEX)
40002)
Slave Address 01
Data LO (Register AA
Function 0F
40002)
Coil Address HI 00
Data HI (Register 55
Coil Address LO 00
40003)
Quantity of Coils HI 00
Data LO (Register AA
Quantity of Coils LO 0A
40003)
Error Check (CRC) -
Error Check (CRC) -

■ Read Holding Registers (03HEX)

■ Preset Single Register (06HEX)
Description
Description
Reads the binary contents of holding registers
Presets a value into a single holding register (4x
(4x references) in the slave. Broadcast is
reference). When broadcast, the function presets the
never supported for reads.
same register reference in all attached slaves.
Query
Query
The query message specifies the starting register and
The query message specifies the register reference
quantity of registers to be read. Registers are addressed
to be preset. Registers are addressed starting at
starting at zero. Registers 1-4 are addressed as 0-3.
zero. Register 1 is addressed as 0.
See example 4 Write Parameter 104, Motor Frequency.
See example 4 Write Parameter 104, Motor Frequency.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

Field Name Example (HEX) Field Name Example (HEX)

Slave Address 01 Slave Address 01
Function 06 Function 10
Register Address HI 00 Starting Address HI 04
Register Address LO 01 Starting Address LO 19
Preset Data HI 00 No. of Registers HI 00
Preset Data LO 03 No of Registers LO 02
Error Check (CRC) - Error Check (CRC) -

Response
The normal response is an echo of the query, returned
after the register contents have been passed.
Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01
Function 06
Register Address HI 00
Register Address LO 01
Preset Data HI 00
Preset Data LO 03
Error Check (CRC) -

■ Preset Multiple Registers (10HEX)

Description
Presets values into a sequence of holding registers (4x
references). When broadcast, the function presets the
same register references in all attached slaves.

Query
The query message specifies the register references
to be preset. Registers are addressed starting at
zero. Register 1 is addressed as 0.

Example of a request to preset two registers (set

parameter 105 = 738 (7,38 A))
Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01
Function 10
Starting Address HI 04
Starting Address LO 19
No. of Registers HI 00
No of Registers LO 02
Byte Count 04
Write Data HI (Register 4:1049) 00
Write Data LO (Register 4:1049) 00
Write Data HI (Register 4:1050) 02
Write Data LO (Register 4:1050) E2
Error Check (CRC) -

Response
The normal response returns the slave address, function
code, starting address, and quantity of registers preset.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Exception Codes

■ Exception Code Tables frequency converter will return a code that is equivalent
When the frequency converter responds to the master to the original function code with its most-significant bit
via the Modbus serial network, it uses the function code set to a logic 1. In addition, the frequency converter
field to indicate either a normal (error-free) response or places a unique code into the data field of the response
an error (called an exception response). In an error-free message. This tells the master what kind of error
response, the frequency converter simply echoes the occurred, or the reason for the exception. The tables
original function code. For an exception response, the below identify the codes and describe their meaning.
Errors
Modbus
Code Meaning
(decimal)
00 The parameter number does not exist
01 There is no write access to the parameter
02 The data value exceeds the parameter limits
03 The used sub-index does not exist
04 The parameter is not of the array type
05 The data type does not match the parameter called
06 Only Reset
07 Not changeable
11 No write access
17 Data change in the parameter called is not possible in the present mode of the frequency
converter. Some parameters can only be changed when the motor has stopped.
18 Other error
130 There is no bus access to the parameter called
131 Data Change is not possible because factory setup is selected

Exception
Codes
Modbus RTU Errors
Modbus
Code Meaning
(decimal)
64 Invalid Data Address
65 Invalid Message Length
66 Invalid Data Length or Value
67 Invalid Function Code

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ Appendix A - Examples

The following examples illustrate different In case of malfunction please refer to the
Modbus RTU commands. section Exception Codes.

■ EXAMPLE 1: Start Motor, Run Speed 40%

Modbus function 0FHEX (Force Multiple Coils).

Message sent to Modbus RTU from Modbus master

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6 Byte 7
Slave Function Coil Addr HI Coil Addr No. of Coils No. of Coils Byte Count Force Date HI
Address LO HI LO Coils (0-7)
01 0F 00 00 00 20 04 7C

Byte 8 Byte 9 Byte 10 Byte 11+12

Force Data Force Data HI Force Data Error Check
LO Coils (16-23) LO
Coils (8-15) Coils (24-31)
04 99 19 [37] [43]

Modbus message string:

[01] [0F] [00] [00] [00] [20] [04] [7C] [04] [99] [19] [37] [43]

[7C]+[04]: Start Command: 0000010001111100 = 047CHEX(reversed)

(See Control Word Bit Descriptions)

Modbus message string:

[01] [0F] [00] [00] [00] [20] [04] [7C] [04] [99] [19] [37] [43]
[99]+[19]: NOTE: Speed Command: 4000HEX = 100% speed
40% of 4000HEX = 1999HEX(reversed)

Message returned to Modbus master from Modbus RTU

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6 + 7
Slave Function Coil Addr HI Coil Addr LO No. of Coils HI No. of Coils LO Error Check
Address
01 0F 00 00 00 20 [54] [13]

All values are in hexadecimal.

■ EXAMPLE 2: Ramp Stop Motor

Message sent to Modbus RTU from Modbus master
Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6 Byte 7
Slave Function Coil Addr HI Coil Addr No. of Coils No. of Coils Byte Count Force Date HI
Address LO HI LO Coils (0-7)
01 0F 00 00 00 20 04 3C

Byte 8 Byte 9 Byte 10 Byte 11+12

Force Data Force Data HI Force Data Error Check
LO Coils (16-23) LO
Coils (8-15) Coils (24-31)
04 99 19 [89] [19]

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

Modbus message string:

[01] [0F] [00] [00] [00] [20] [04] [3C] [04] [00] [00] [89] [19]

[3C]+[04]: Stop Command: 000001000111100 = 043CHEX(reversed)

(See Control Word Bit Descriptions)
Speed Command: 0%

Message returned to Modbus master from Modbus RTU

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6 + 7
Slave Function Coil Addr HI Coil Addr LO No. of Coils HI No. of Coils LO Error Check
Address
01 0F 00 00 00 20 [54] [13]

All values are in hexadecimal.

■ EXAMPLE 3: Coast Stop Motor

Message sent to Modbus RTU from Modbus master
Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6 Byte 7
Slave Function Coil Addr HI Coil Addr No. of Coils No. of Coils Byte Count Force Date HI
Address LO HI LO Coils (0-7)
01 0F 00 00 00 20 04 20

Byte 8 Byte 9 Byte 10 Byte 11+12

Force Data Force Data HI Force Data Error Check
LO Coils (16-23) LO
Coils (8-15) Coils (24-31)
04 00 00 [0E] [81]

Modbus message string:

[01] [0F] [00] [00] [00] [20] [20] [2C] [00] [00] [--]

[20]+[2C]: Coast Command: 0010110000100000 = 2C20HEX(reversed)

(See Control Word Bit Descriptions)
Speed Command: 0%

Message returned to Modbus master from Modbus RTU

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6 + 7
- Examples
Appendix A
Slave Function Coil Addr HI Coil Addr LO No. of Coils HI No. of Coils LO Error Check
Address
01 0F 00 00 00 20 [54] [13]

All values are in hexadecimal.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

■ EXAMPLE 4: Write Parameter 104

Motor Frequency, with 60 Hz

(Data Type 6: UINT16)
(Conversion factor = 0)
Modbus Function 06HEX Preset Single Register

Message sent to Modbus RTU from Modbus master

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6+7
Slave Function Register Addr Register Addr Preset Data HI Preset Data LO Error Check
Address HI LO
01 06 04 0F 00 3C --

Modbus message string:

[01] [06] [04] [0F] [00] [3C] [error check]

[04]+[0F]: Parameter 104 = 040FHEX

Note that the starting address of a register is the parameter number x 10 - 1
in HEX.
104 x 10 = 1040 - 1 = 1039 = 040FHEX

[01] [06] [04] [0F] [00] [3C] [error check]

[00+[3C]: Speed (60 Hz) = 3CHEX

Message returned to Modbus master from Modbus RTU

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6 + 7
Slave Function Register Addr Register Addr Preset Data HI Preset Data LO Error Check
Address HI LO
01 06 04 0F 00 3C --

All values are in hexadecimal.

■ EXAMPLE 5: Read Parameter 514

Motor Current = 3 Amps

(Data Type 7: UINT32)
(Conversion factor = -2)
Modbus Function 03HEX Read Holding Registers

Message sent to Modbus RTU from Modbus master

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6+7
Slave Function Start Addr HI Start Addr LO No. of Points HI No. of Points Error Check
Address LO
01 03 14 13 00 02 --

Parameter 514 (5139) = 1413HEX

Note that the starting address of a register is the parameter number x 10 - 1 in HEX.

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 VLT® 2800, VLT® 6000 HVAC and VLT® 8000 AQUA Modbus RTU

Message sent to Modbus master from Modbus RTU

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6 Byte 7+8
Slave Function Byte Count Data HI (Reg Data LO (Reg Preset Data Data LO (Reg Error Check
Address 45140) 45141) LO 45141)
01 03 04 00 00 01 2C --

Byte 3-byte 6: Value 0000012CHEX= 300 = 3 Amps

All values are in hexadecimal.

■ EXAMPLE 6: Read Parameter 609 [8]

"Log: Reference"

This example shows how to read an index parameter. Holding register 9 - Array Index.
Modbus Function 06HEX Preset Single Register
Set Array Index to 8

Message sent to Modbus RTU from Modbus master

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6+7
Slave Function Register Addr Register Addr Preset Data HI Preset Data LO Error Check
Address HI LO
01 06 00 08 00 08 --

Message sent to Modbus master from Modbus RTU

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6+7
Slave Function Register Addr Register Addr Preset Data HI Preset Data LO Error Check
Address HI LO
01 06 00 08 00 08 --

Modbus Function 03HEX Read Holding register

Read value of parameter 609 [8]

Message sent to Modbus RTU card from Modbus master

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6+7
Slave Function Start Addr HI Start Addr LO No. of No. of Error Check
Address Registers HI Registers LO - Examples
Appendix A

01 03 17 69 00 01 --

Message sent to Modbus master from Modbus RTU

Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 6+7
Slave Function Byte Count Data HI Data LO Error Check
Address
01 03 02 01 90 --

Note that the starting address of a register is the

parameter number x 10 -1 in HEX.
Byte 3+byte 4: 0190HEX= 400 = 40%

All values are in hexadecimal.

MG.10.S2.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark 35