Introduction to Management Lecture#1

➢What is Management?

➢Who are Managers?

➢What do Managers do?

Management
•Management involves coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that their activities
are completed efficiently and effectively. Continue…

• Management refers to the key components/ process of:

-Planning

-Organizing

-Leading

& -Controlling resources (people, finances, materials, and information) within an organization to
achieve specific goals and objectives efficiently and effectively. Continue…

• It is a fundamental function in business and various other types of organizations, including

Managerial Concerns:
– Efficiency:

• “Doing things right” –Getting the most output for the least inputs

– Effectiveness:

• “Doing the right things”

–Attaining organizational goals Effectiveness & Efficiency in Management Who are Managers?

• Manager is someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people so that organizational
goals can be accomplished.

• Managers are individuals within an organization who are responsible for planning, organizing, leading,
and controlling resources to achieve the organization's goals and objectives. Continue…

• They play a crucial role in overseeing various aspects of an organization's operations and ensuring that
the work is carried out efficiently and effectively.
• Managers can be found at different levels within an organization, and their specific titles and
responsibilities may vary based on the organization's size, structure, and industry. Classification/Types of
Managers Top-Level Managers Middle-Level Managers Front-Line Managers Project Managers
Functional Managers General Managers Classification/Types of Managers

1. Top-Level Managers:
• These are typically the highest-ranking executives in an organization, such as CEOs (Chief Executive
Officers), Presidents, and Vice Presidents.

• They are responsible for setting the overall strategic direction of the organization, making major
decisions, and ensuring that the organization achieves its long-term goals. Continue…

2. Middle-Level Managers:
• Middle managers, often referred to as department heads, directors, or managers, are responsible for
specific functional areas or departments within the organization.

• They translate the organization's strategic goals into actionable plans and oversee the work of their
teams to achieve departmental objectives. Continue…

3. Front-Line Managers:
• Front-line managers, also known as supervisors, team leaders, or first-line managers, are responsible
for managing the day-to-day activities of employees who directly produce goods or provide services.

• They play a critical role in ensuring that tasks are completed efficiently and that employees have the
necessary resources and support to perform their jobs effectively. Continue…

4. Project Managers:
• Project managers are responsible for planning, executing, and controlling specific projects within the
organization.

• They work to ensure that projects are completed on time, within budget, and in accordance with
project objectives. Continue…

5. Functional Managers:
• These managers oversee a specific function within the organization, such as marketing, finance,
human resources, operations, or information technology.

• They focus on managing resources and processes within their functional area to contribute to the
organization's overall success. Continue…

6. General Managers:
• In some cases, individuals may hold the title of "General Manager" and
• Have broad responsibility for the overall performance of a business unit, division, or branch of an
organization.

What Managers Do?

• Managers often possess a combination of technical expertise, leadership skills, and decision-making
abilities.

Functions & Activities of Managers Key functions & activities that Managers typically perform:

Planning Organizing Leading Controlling Problem Solving Team Building Communication Decision
Making Resource Mgt. Strategic Thinking Continue…

1. Planning:
▪ Setting organizational goals and objectives.

▪ Developing strategies and plans to achieve these goals.

▪ Creating budgets and allocating resources. Continue…

2. Organizing:
▪ Designing the organizational structure and hierarchy.

▪ Allocating responsibilities and tasks to employees or teams.

▪ Establishing workflows and processes to ensure work is carried out efficiently. Continue…

3. Leading:
▪ Providing leadership and direction to employees or team members.

▪ Motivating and inspiring individuals to work toward common goals.

▪ Communicating the organization's vision, mission, and objectives.

▪ Coaching and developing employees to enhance their skills and capabilities. Continue…

4. Controlling:
▪ Monitoring progress toward goals and objectives.

▪ Measuring performance against established benchmarks and key performance indicators (KPIs).

▪ Analyzing variances and taking corrective actions when necessary.

▪ Implementing quality control measures to ensure products or services meet standards. Continue…
 5. Decision-Making:
▪ Making critical decisions that impact the organization's direction and success.

▪ Evaluating alternative courses of action and their potential outcomes.

▪ Balancing risks and rewards when making choices.

▪ Collaborating with other stakeholders to reach consensus on decisions. Continue…

6. Communication:
• Facilitating effective communication within the organization.

• Relaying important information, policies, and changes to employees.

• Listening to feedback and concerns from employees and addressing them. Continue…

7. Team Building:
• Building and managing teams to work cohesively toward common goals.

• Fostering a positive work environment and culture.

• Resolving conflicts and promoting collaboration among team members. Continue…

8. Problem-Solving:
• Identifying and analyzing problems or challenges within the organization.

• Developing and implementing solutions to address issues.

• Continuously improving processes and operations. Continue…

9. Resource Management:
• Allocating and managing financial resources, including budgets and expenses.

• Allocating human resources, including hiring, training, and performance management.

• Managing physical resources, such as equipment and facilities. Continue…

10. Strategic Thinking:

• Formulating and adjusting the organization's longterm strategies.

• Adapting to changes in the industry and marketplace. Continue…

• Effective managers are essential to the success and growth of organizations as they help ensure that
resources are used efficiently and that the organization adapts to changing circumstances and
challenges. Reference Books: • Book Name: Management by “Stephen P. Robbins” & “Mary Coulter”
(Latest edition) • Book Name: Management by “H. Koontz Odonnel” & “H.Weihrich” (Latest edition)
Reference Books: • Book Name: Management Foundation and Practice by: “Mc Farland” (Latest edition)
• Book Name: The New Management by: “Robert M. Fulmer” (Latest edition) THANK YOU