11 V May 2023

https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52240
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue V May 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

Smart Dustbin with IOT

Prof. Pooja V Pawar1, Harshali Bodkhe2, Ajaykumar Motikar3, Shivani Tonape4, Vishal Lonkar5
1
Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Suman Ramesh Tulsiani Technical Campus Faculty Of Engineering, Khamshet,
Maval Pune, India
2, 3, 4, 5
Students (UG), Department of Computer Engineering, Suman Ramesh Tulsiani Technical Campus Faculty Of Engineering,
Khamshet, Maval Pune, India

Abstract: In recent decades, Urbanization has increased tremendously. During the same phase, there is an increase in waste
production. Waste management has been a crucial issue to be considered. This project is a way to achieve this good cause. In
this project, the smart dustbin is built on a microcontroller-based platform Arduino Uno board which is interfaced with a GSM
modem and an Ultrasonic sensor, Ultrasonic sensor is placed at the top of the dustbin which will measure the stature of the
dustbin.
The threshold stature is set as 5cm. Arduino will be programmed in such a way that when the dustbin is being filled, the
remaining height from the threshold height will be displayed. Once the garbage reaches the threshold level ultrasonic sensor will
trigger the GSM modem which will alert the municipal corporation. Once the dustbin is empty, people can reuse the dustbin. At
regular intervals, the dustbin will be empty. Once these smart bins are implemented on a large scale, by replacing our traditional
dustbins, waste can be managed efficiently as it avoids unnecessary lumping of waste on a roadside. The Foul smell from these
rotten wastes that remain untreated for a long time, due to the negligence of authorities and carelessness of the public may lead
to long-term problems.
Breeding of insects and mosquitoes can create a nuisance around promoting an unclean environment. This may even cause
dreadful diseases. To stop this from happening, our project will help avoid such cases.

I. INTRODUCTION
A. Overview
There is one more issue that has got to be managed. Garbage! Pictures of garbage bins being overfull and also the refuse being
spilled out from the containers may be seen all around.
This prompts different ailments as the extensive number of insects and mosquitoes breed thereon. a significant test within the urban
areas is powerful waste administration.
Thus, a smart dustbin may be a framework that may annihilate this issue or if nothing else diminish it to the bottom level. Greater a
part of viruses and bacterial contaminations create in dirtied conditions. Defending the Environment utilizing Technology sources is
required at the moment.
Dominant a part of the general community environment is by all accounts contaminated with the material. In this way, the
modernization of the restaurants is required by giving the smart technology waste product in landfills rot, attract pests, and dirty our
air and groundwater. By updating your kitchen dustbin to smart bin Air you retain 1500 kgs of nourishment waste removed from
landfills in a very 10 years!

B. Motivation
As per the UN, between now and 2025, the whole populace will increment by 20% to realize 8 billion tenants (from 6.5 today).With
this expansion in the populace, the duties towards waste administration additionally increments. Our waste organization systems and
our financial circumstances, notwithstanding doing what has to be done, are unequipped for handling the creating measures of waste
generally. So unless another worldview of worldwide collaboration and administration is embraced, a tsunami of uncontrolled
dumpsites is going to be the vital waste administration technique, particularly in Asia. In the geographical region of America, point
of entry drives the trail with a landfill transfer redirection rate of 72% and therefore the city has set itself an objective of zero waste
to landfill by 2020. This paper gives us a standout amongst the foremost proficient approaches to stay our condition perfect and
green.

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 3112
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue V May 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

II. SOFTWARE/HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION

A. External Interface Requirements
1) User Interface
The LiquidCrystal library allows you to control LCDs that are compatible with the Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of
them out there, and you can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.

Fig. 2.1.1Output on a 16x2 LCD

The LCDs have a parallel interface, meaning that the microcontroller has to manipulate several interface pins at once to control the
display. The interface consists of the following pins:
A register selects (RS) pin that controls where in the LCD's memory you're writing data to. You can select either the data register,
which holds what goes on the screen or an instruction register, which is where the LCD's controller looks for instructions on what to
do next.
A Read/Write (R/W) pin that selects reading mode or writing mode.
An Enable pin that enables writing to the registers.
8 data pins (D0 -D7). The states of these pins (high or low) are the bits that you're writing to a register when you write or the values
you're reading when you read.
There's also a display contrast pin (Vo), power supply pins (+5V and GND), and LED Backlight (Bklt+ and BKlt-) pins that you can
use to power the LCD, control the display contrast, and turn on and off the LED backlight, respectively.

Fig. 2.1.1 Schematic Diagram

2) Hardware Interfaces
a) Arduino Uno
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards can read inputs - a
light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn them into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED,
or publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the
board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on
Processing.

Fig 2.1.2. Arduino Uno

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 3113
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue V May 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

b) GPS Receiver
One of the global positioning system (GPS) devices ultilizes data from satellites to locate a specific point on the Earth in a process
named trilateration. Meanwhile, a GPS receiver measures the distances to satellites using radio signals to trilaterate. And
trilateration is similar to triangulation, which measures angles, depicted in this illustration (Tim Gunther, 2020). GPS modules
contain tiny processors and antennas that directly receive data sent by satellites through dedicated RF frequencies. From there, it’ll
receive timestamp from each visible satellites, along with other pieces of data. If the module’s antenna can spot 4 or more satellites,
it’s able to accurately calculate its positionand time.

Fig. 2.1.3 GPS Receiver

3) Software Interfaces
Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE is an open-source software, designed by Arduino. C and mainly used for writing, compiling & uploading code to
almost all Arduino Modules.
It is an official Arduino software, making code compilation too easy that even a common person with no prior technical knowledge
can get their feet wet with the learning process.

4) Communication Interfaces
GSM Sim800
GSM SIM800C Modem with Antenna Modules baud rate is configurable from 9600-115200 through AT command. The GSM
GPRS Modem is having internal TCP/IP stack to enable you to connect with the internet via GPRS. It is suitable for SMS, Voice as
well as DATA transfer applications in the M2M interface.
The onboard Regulated Power supply allows you to connect a wide range of unregulated power supply. Using this modem, you can
make audio calls, SMS, Read SMS,attend the incoming calls and internet, etc through simple AT commands.

Fig. GSM Module :Sim 800L

B. Software Requirements
1) Arduino IDE
2) Star UML
3) Power Point

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 3114
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue V May 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

C. Hardware Requirements

RAM 1GB
GSM 900/1800MHz
GPS Receiver 850/1900MHz
IC kit 5v
Microcontroller 3v
GPS Antenna 1575MHz
LCD Display 5v
Ultrasonic sensor 3v
Jumper wire 3 types
Mobile SimCard 1

III. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Fig . System Architecture Of Smart Dustbin

Fig . Arduino To Upload Code

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 3115
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue V May 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

A. Arduino
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs
- light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED,
publishingsomething online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board.
To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.

Fig . Arduino Uno

B. GSM Module: SMI800L

GSM SIM800C Modem with Antenna Modules baud rate is configurable from 9600-115200 through AT command. The GSM
GPRS Modem is having internal TCP/IP stack to enable you to connect with the internet via GPRS. It is suitable for SMS, Voice as
well as DATA transfer applications in the M2M interface.
The onboard Regulated Power supply allows you to connect a wide range of unregulated power supplies. Using this modem, you
can make audio calls, SMS, Read SMS, attend the incoming calls and the internet, etc through simple AT commands.

Fig . GSM Module: SIM800L

C. GPS Receiver
One of the global positioning system (GPS) devices utilizes data from satellites to locate a specific point on the Earth in a process
named trilateration. Meanwhile, a GPS receiver measures the distances to satellites using radio signals for trilateration. And
trilateration is similar to triangulation, which measures angles, depicted in this illustration (Tim Gunther, 2020). GPS modules
contain tiny processors and antennas that directly receive data sent by satellites through dedicated RF frequencies. From there, it’ll
receive timestamps from each visible satellite, along with other pieces of data. If the module’s antenna can spot 4 or more satellites,
it’s able to accurately calculate its position and time.

Fig. GPS Receiver

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 3116
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue V May 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

D. Microcontroller
The ATMEGA328P-PU is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR-enhanced RISC architecture. By executing
powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega328P-PU achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the
system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.
The ATmega328P-PU AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools including C Compilers, Macro
Assemblers, Program Debugger/Simulators, In-Circuit Emulators, and Evaluation kits.

Fig . Microcontroller

E. Ultrasonic Sensor
This is a simple and easy-to-use ultrasonic sensor. It can detect objects in front of it within a range of 2-400cm. It is the perfect
sensor to use in robotics, obstacle detection, etc. It has a wide beam angle unlike IR Sensors, which enables it to detect obstacles
within a wide angle. Signals can be read from the 4-pin interface (Vcc, Trig, Echo, GND). One pin is used to trigger the ultrasonic
transmitter and another one is used to read the echo. This HC SR04 distance sensor offers both accuracy and stable readings that are
not affected by sunlight or object color

Fig . Ultrasonic Sensor

F. LCD Display
This is a basic 16-character by 2-line Alphanumeric display. Black text on Green background. Utilizes the extremely common
HD44780 parallel interface chipset. Interface code is freely available. You will need a Minimum of 6 general I/O pins to interface to
this LCD screen. Includes LED backlight. Works in 4-bit and 8-bit Modes

Fig. LCD Display

G. Jumper Wire
This cable is an electrical wire or group of them in a cable with a connector or pins at each end, which is normally for
interconnecting the components of a breadboard or other prototype or test circuit, internally or with other equipment or components
without soldering

Fig. Jumping Wire

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 3117
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue V May 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

H. Mobile Sim Card

An IoT SIM card, also known as M2M SIM Card (machine-to- machine), is a Subscriber Identity Module that is used in IoT
(Internet of Things) devices to identify them as they try to connect to a 2G, 3G, 4G-LTE, Cat-M, NB-IoT, or 5G wireless cellular
network.

Fig . Mobile Sim Card

IV. FLOWCHART
A. Algorithm
1) Start
2) Initiate ports and Sensor.
3) Read sensor data.
4) Set threshold value of each sensor.
5) Check given data compare with threshold value.
6) If threshold exceed Send Location.
7) Show data on LCD.
8) STOP
Flowchart

Fig. Flow Chart Of Smart Dustbin

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue V May 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

V. ADVANTAGES
1) The overflowing of dustbins can be stopped.
2) The overflowing and cleaning of smart bins will be continuously monitored and effectively managed thus making clean and
empty bins available to common people.
3) Economically Effective technique if once implemented successfully.
4) It also intends at building clean as well as green surroundings.

VI. LIMITATIONS
1) Due to the long location distances, dustbins may already overflow.
2) Sometimes there will be spam accounts.
3) Damage can happen to anyone.

VII. APPLICATIONS
Can be best used by municipal corporations for their betterment of management regarding the collection of waste

VIII. CONCLUSION
This project involves less human effort while automating waste disposal by integrating hardware and application. The hardware
detects the level of garbage and the application sends the notification of garbage retrieval. This project saves the effort of garbage
collectors by saving their time and the cost of fuel for the vehicle. It provides a proper disposal method for garbage, eliminating the
dustbin getting filled and garbage spilling out. This is an efficient way of disposing of garbage considering the cost and easy-to-use
attributes. We have used cheap and efficient components to make the project economical. Code compaction has made the project
more efficient by defining proper deliverables. The project can be easily used by users garbage collectors and administration for
disposal and retrieval of waste. It can be deployed anywhere for proper waste disposal and pickup, which will help in making the
environment cleaner and greener

IX. FUTURE SCOPE

There can be many different modules that can be implemented with this project. The modules which can be included are of various
domains ranging from IoT to ML to AI to Big Data Analytics. Some of the improvements to this project can be providing the power
source for the board using solar power which is a more eco-friendly solution. Analytics of the peak times of locations where the
dustbin is filled and for how long can be done to save human effort. Automation of opening and closing of lid and automation of
switching on and off of the entire system is also a possibility that will, end of the day, save a lot of power

REFERENCES
[1] Narayan Sharma, Nirman Singha, Tanmoy Dutta, “Smart Bin Implementation for Smart Cities”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, vol
6, Issue 9, 2015, pp- 787- 789.
[2] K. Vidyasagar, M. Sumalatha, K. Swathi and M. Rambabu, “Eco-friendly Environment with RFID Communication Imparted Waste Collecting Robot”, Journal
of Academia and Industrial Research (JAIR) Volume 4, Issue 2 July 2015, pp.43- 47.
[3] Vikrant Bhor1, Pankaj Morajkar2, Maheshwar Gurav3, Dishant Pandya,” Smart Garbage Management System”, International Journal of Engineering Research
& Technology, Mumbai, India, vol. 4 Issue 03, 2015, pp.1117- 1119.
[4] Medvedev A, Fedchenkov P, Zaslavsky A, Anagnostopoulos T and Khoruzhnikov S 2015 Waste management as an IoT-enabled service in smart cities In
Conference on Smart Spaces Springer International Publishing 104-15.

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