Addi

sAbabaScienceandTechnol ogyUni
v er
sit
y
DepartmentofMaths,
physicsandStat
ist
ics
Probabil
i
tyandSt
atist
ics:Assi
gnmentII
1.Expl
ainthefoll
owingbyyourownword
- sampl espace,
- outcome,
- event,
- mut ual
lyexclusiv
eev
ent,
- independentev en
- Sampl i
ngf r
ame
- Probabil
ityandnonprobabi
li
tysampl
i
ng

2.Whatar ethemai nreasonoftaki

ngsampl e?
3.Whatist hediff
erencebetweenstandarderrorandst andarddev i
ation?
4.Aboxcont ai
nsthreemarbles—oner ed,onegr een,andonebl ue.Consi deranexper
iment
thatconsistsoftaki
ngonemar blefr
om thebox, thenreplaci
ngi tintheboxanddr awi
nga
secondmar bl
ef r
om thebox.Descr i
bet hesampl espace.Repeatf orthecaseinwhich
thesecondmar bl
eisdrawnwi t
houtfi
rstreplaci
ngt hefi
rstmar ble.

5.Anex per
imentconsi
stsoftossi
ngacointhr
eeti
mes.Whatist
hesampl
espaceofthi
s
experi
ment?Whichev entcor
respondst
otheexper
imentr
esul
ti
ngi
nmoreheadsthan
tai
ls?

6.Twodicearethr
own.LetEbetheeventt
hatt
hesum ofthedi
ceisodd,
letFbet
heev
ent
thatt
hefi
rstdi
elandson1,
andletGbetheeventt
hatt
hesum i
s7.

Descr
ibet
heev
ent
sEF,
E∪F, EFc,
FG, EFG.

7.Aclassinprobabi l
it
ytheor
yconsi
stsof6menand4women.Anexam i sgi venandt he
st
udentsar erankedaccordingtothei
rperformance.Assumingt
hatnot wost udents
obt
ainthesamescor e,
a)howmanydi f
fer
entr
anki
ngsarepossi
ble?
b)I fallrankingsareconsi
der
edequallylikel
y,whati
st hepr
obabi
l
itythatwomen
recei
vet hetop4scores?

8.Asy stem iscomposedoff ourcomponent s,eachofwhi chi seitherworkingorfai

led.
Consideranexper i
mentt hatconsistsofobser vi
ngthest atusofeachcomponent ,andlet
theoutcomeoft heexper i
mentbegi venbythev ect
or(x1,x2,x3,x4)wherexiisequalt
o1i f
componenti iswor ki
ngandi sequal t
o0i fcomponenti isfailed.
a)Howmanyout comesar ei
nt hesampl espaceoft hisexper i
ment ?
b)Supposet hatthesy st
em wi l
lworki fcomponent s1and2ar ebothwor ki
ng,orif
component s3and4ar ebothwor ki
ng.Specifyalltheout comesi ntheeventthat
thesystem works.
c)LetEbet heev entthatcomponent s1and3ar ebot hf ai
led.Howmanyout comes
arecontai
nedi neventE?

9.Agroupof5boysand10girl
sisli
nedupinr
andom or
der— t
hati
s,eachoft
he15!
per
mutat
ionsi
sassumedt
obeequal
l
yli
kel
y.
 Addi
sAbabaScienceandTechnol ogyUni
v er
sit
y
DepartmentofMaths,
physicsandStat
ist
ics
Probabil
i
tyandSt
atist
ics:Assi
gnmentII
a)Whati
stheprobabi
li
tyt
hatt
hepersoninthe4t
hposit
ioni
saboy ?
b)Whataboutt
hepersoni
nthe12t
hposi t
ion?
c)Whati
stheprobabi
li
tyt
hatapar
ti
cularboyisi
nthe3r
dposit
ion?

10.
Acommi t
teeofsi
ze5istobeselect
edfrom agroupof6menand9women.I ft
he
sel
ect
ioni
smaderandoml
y,whati
sthepr
obabi
li
tyt
hatthecommi
tt
eeconsi
stsof3men
and2women?

11.Fifty-
twoper centoft hest udent satacer tai
ncol legear ef emal es.Fi veper centoft he
student si nt hiscol legear emaj oringi ncomput ersci ence.Twoper centoft hest udents
arewomenmaj oringi ncomput ersci ence.I fast udenti ssel ectedatr andom,f indt he
condi t
ional probabi l
ityt hat
a)t hi
sst udenti sf emal e,givent hatthest udenti smaj oringi ncomput ersci ence;
b)t hi
sst udenti smaj oringincomput ersci ence, gi
v ent hatt hest udenti sfemal e.
12.At otalof500mar riedwor kingcoupl eswer epol ledaboutt heirannualsal ari
es,wi ththe
followingi nf ormat ionr esul t
ing.
Husband
<2,500 >2, 500
<2,500 212 198
Wi fe
>250 36 54
0
Ifoneoft hecoupl esi srandoml ychosen, whati s
a)Thepr obabi l
ityt hatt hehusbandear nsl essthan$25, 000;
b)Thepr obabi lit
yt hatt hewi feear nsmor ethan$25, 000gi vent hatt hehusbandear ns
moret hant hi samount ;
c)Thecondi t
ionalpr obabi lit
yt hatt hewi feear nsmor et han$25, 000 givent hatt he
husbandear nsl esst hant hisamount ?
13.Theannualr ainfall( i
ni nches)i nacer tainr egi
oni snor mal lydi stri
but edwi hµ=40,
t σ=4.
Whati st hepr obabi li
tyt hati n2oft henext4y ear st her ai nfallwillexceed50i nches?
Assumet hatt her ainfal l
si ndi ff
erenty earsar eindependent .
14.Ifeachv ot erisf orPr oposi ti
onAwi thprobabi l
ity.7,whati st hepr obabili
tythatexact l
y7
of10v oter sar ef ort hispr oposi t
ion?
15.Supposet hatt heav eragenumberofacci dentsoccur r
ingweekl yonapar ti
cularstret chof
ahi ghwayequal s3.Cal culatet hepr obabilit
ythatt her ei satl eastoneacci dentt hi
sweek.
16.Ift heav er agenumberofcl ai
mshandl eddai lybyani nsur ancecompanyi s5,what
propor ti
onofday shav el esst han3cl aims?Whati st hepr obabi lit
yt hatther ewi llbe4
claimsi nexact l
y3oft henext5day s?Assumet hatt henumberofcl ai
msondi ffer
ent
day sisindependent .

17.
Itisknownt hatdisksproducedbyacer tai
ncompanywi llbedefect
ivewit
hprobabil
ity.01
independentlyofeachot her.Thecompanysel l
sthedisksinpackagesof10andof fersa
money -backguar anteethatatmost1oft he10disksi sdefect
ive.Whatproport
ionof
packagesi sr eturned?Ifsomeonebuy st hr
eepackages,whati stheprobabil
i
tyt hat
exactlyoneoft hem will
ber et
urned?
18.
Apopul ati
onhasmean128andst andar
ddev i
ati
on22.
a)Findthemeanandst andarddev i
ati
onforsamplesofsize36.
b)Findthepr obabi
li
tythatthemeanofasampl eofsi ze36willbewi
thin10unitsof
 Addi
sAbabaScienceandTechnol ogyUni
v er
sit
y
DepartmentofMaths,
physicsandStat
ist
ics
Probabil
i
tyandSt
atist
ics:Assi
gnmentII
t
hepopulationmean, thatis,between118and138.
19. Supposet hemeanl engthoft imet hatacal l
erisplacedonhol dwhent el
ephoni
nga
customerservicecent eri
s23. 8seconds,wi t
hstandarddev i
ati
on4.6seconds.Findthe
probabil
it
ythatt hemeanl engthoft i
meonhol dinasampl eof1,200callswillbe
withi
n0.5secondoft hepopulationmean.
20.
Ahar dwaremanufactur
erproducesboltsusedtoassembl
ev ar
iousmachi
nes.Assumethatt
he
di
amet erofbol
tspr
oducedbythi
smanuf act
urerhasanunknownpopul
ati
onmean andt he
standarddevi
ati
oni
s0.1mm.Supposet heaveragedi
ameterofasimpl
erandom sampl
eof50
boltsi
s5.11mm.const r
uct95%conf
idenceinterv
alf
orthepopul
ati
onmean .
21.
Amaj ortr
uckhaskeptextensi
verecordsonvari
oustransact
ionswi
thitscust
omers.I
fa
random sampleof16oftheserecordsshowsaveragesalesof290li
ter
sofdiesel
fuel
withastandarddevi
ati
onof12lit
ers,const
ructa95%conf i
dencei
nterv
alfort
hemeanof
thepopulat
ionsampled.

22.
Lasty
eart
hegov
ernmentmadeacl
aimt
hatt
heav
eragei
ncomeoft
heAmer
icanpeopl
ewas
$33,
950.Howev er
,asampl eof50peopl
etakenrecent
lyshowedanav er
ageincomeof$34,076
wit
hapopul ati
onstandar
ddev i
ati
onof$324.I
sthegov er
nment’
sestimatet
ool ow?Conducta
si
gnif
icancetestt
oseeifthetr
uemeanismorethantherepor
tedaver
age.Useanalpha=0.01.
23.
Testthehy pothesesthatt
heav erageheightcontentofcont ainersofcer
tainlubr
icanti
s
10li
tersift
hecont entsofarandom sampl eof10contai nersare
10.
2,9.7,10.1,10.3,
10.1,
9.8,9.
9, 10.
4,10.3,and9.8l
iters.Uset he0.
01levelof
si
gnifi
canceand assumet hatthedist
ri
but i
onofcontent sisnormal.
24.

25.Yourcompanysel l
sexer ci
seclothingandequi pmentont heInternet
.Todesi gnt
heclothi
ng,you
coll
ectdat aont hephy sicalcharacteristi
csofy ourdifferenttypesofcustomers. Wet akea
sampleof24mal er unnersandf indt heirmeanwei ghttobe61. 79kil
ograms.Assumet hatthe
populati
onstandarddev iat
ionisσ=4. 5.
a)Cal culat
ea95%conf i
denceintervalforthemeanwei ghtofal lsuchrunner
s:
b)Basedont hisconfidenceinterval
,doesat estofH0: µ=61. 3kgVsHA: µ≠61.3kgr ej
ectH0
atthe5%si gnif
icancelevel
?
c) Carryoutthehy pothesist
estin3t ov er
if
yy ouranswer :
26.Usethef oll
owingdat aandf i
tal i
nearr egressionlinetopr edictt
hepr i
ceofusedcar.Thedatais
theaboutAskingpr i
ceofsomeusedToy ot
aCor oll
asadv erti
sedonnewspaperonOct ober2020.
Model Year Aski ngPrice
2004 $10950
2003 $9400
2001 $8990
1998 $5800
1997 $5850
1994 $3800
1989 $1500

a)Writ
etheequati
onoft hefi
tt
edline
b)Whatisthesl
opeoft heli
ne?Whatdoesi ttel
lyou?
c) Whati
sthecorrel
ati
oncoeffi
cientvalue?
d)Whatproport
ionofthevari
abil
i
tyoft heaski
ngpriceexpl
ainedbyt
heageoft
hecar
?
 Addi
sAbabaScienceandTechnol ogyUni
v er
sit
y
DepartmentofMaths,
physicsandStat
ist
ics
Probabil
i
tyandSt
atist
ics:Assi
gnmentII
27.Thef
ol l
owi
ngdatawer
ecoll
ectedfr
om acert
ainhousehol
dont
hemont
hly
income(X)andconsumpt
ion(
Y)forthepast10months.
X:650 654 720 456 536 853 735 650 536 666
Y: 450 523 235 398 500 632 500 635 450 360

a)Fi
tali
nearregr
essi
onl i
neandcommentont heresult
.
b)Cal
cul
atethecorr
elat
ioncoef
fi
cientandcommentoni t.
c)Est
imatet
heamountofconsumpt ionformont
hlyincomeamountof900