Interview

Questions

ankitpangasa
 ankitpangasa

What are some of the

advantages of MongoDB?
MongoDB supports field, range-based, string
pattern matching type queries. for searching the
data in the database
MongoDB support primary and secondary index
on any fields
MongoDB basically uses JavaScript objects in
place of procedures
MongoDB uses a dynamic database schema
MongoDB is very easy to scale up or down
MongoDB has inbuilt support for data
partitioning (Sharding).
 ankitpangasa

How to add data in

MongoDB?
The basic method for adding data to MongoDB is
“inserts”. To insert a single document, use the
collection’s insertOne method:

> db.books.insertOne({"title" : "Start With Why"})

For inserting multiple documents into a

collection, we use insertMany. This method
enables passing an array of documents to the
database.
 ankitpangasa

How do you Update a

Document?
Document can be changed using one of
several update methods: updateOne,
updateMany, and replaceOne. updateOne and
updateMany each takes a filter document as
their first parameter and a modifier document,
which describes changes to make, as the
second parameter. replaceOne also takes a
filter as the first parameter, but as the second
parameter replaceOne expects a document
with which it will replace the document
matching the filter.
 ankitpangasa

How do you Delete a

Document?
The CRUD API in MongoDB provides deleteOne
and deleteMany for this purpose. Both of these
methods take a filter document as their first
parameter. The filter specifies a set of criteria to
match against in removing documents.

For example:
> db.books.deleteOne({"_id" : 3})
 ankitpangasa

How to perform queries in

MongoDB?
The find method is used to perform queries in
MongoDB. Querying returns a subset of
documents in a collection, from no documents
at all to the entire collection. Which
documents get returned is determined by the
first argument to find, which is a document
specifying the query criteria.

Example:
> db.users.find({"age" : 24})
 ankitpangasa

What are the data types in

MongoDB?
Null Embedded document
{"x" : null} {"x" : {"foo" : "bar"}}
Boolean Object ID
{"x" : true} {"x" : ObjectId()}
Number Binary Data
{"x" : 4} Binary data is a string of
String arbitrary bytes.
{"x" : "foobar"} Code
Date {"x" : function() { /* ... */ }}
{"x" : new Date()}
Regular expression
{"x" : /foobar/i}
Array
{"x" : ["a", "b", "c"]}
 ankitpangasa

When to use MongoDB?

MongoDB is a great choice if one needs to:
Support a rapid iterative development.
Scale to high levels of read and write
traffic - MongoDB supports horizontal
scaling through Sharding, distributing data
across several machines, and facilitating
high throughput operations with large sets
of data.
Scale your data repository to a massive
size.
Evolve the type of deployment as the
business changes.
Store, manage and search data with text,
geospatial, or time-series dimensions.
 ankitpangasa

Explain the term “Indexing”

in MongoDB.
The index stores the value of the specific field or
set of fields, ordered by the value of the field as
specified in the index.

Indexes look at an ordered list with references to

the content. These in turn allow MongoDB to
query orders of magnitude faster. To create an
index, use the createIndex collection method.

For example:

> db.users.find({"username":
"user101"}).explain("executionStats")
 ankitpangasa

Explain the process of

Sharding.
Sharding is the process of splitting data up
across machines. We also use the term
“partitioning” sometimes to describe this
concept. We can store more data and handle
more load without requiring larger or more
powerful machines, by putting a subset of
data on each machine.
In the figure, RS0 and RS1 are shards.
MongoDB’s sharding allows you to create a
cluster of many machines (shards) and break
up a collection across them, putting a subset
of data on each shard. This allows your
application to grow beyond the resource limits
of a standalone server or replica set.
 ankitpangasa

Explain the term “Indexing”

in MongoDB.
 ankitpangasa

Explain the concept of

pipeline in the MongoDB
aggregation framework.
An individual stage of an aggregation pipeline is a
data processing unit. It takes in a stream of input
documents one at a time, processes each
document one at a time, and produces an output
stream of documents one at a time (see figure
below).
 ankitpangasa

What do you mean by

Transactions?
A transaction is a logical unit of processing in a database that
includes one or more database operations, which can be read or
write operations. Transactions provide a useful feature in
MongoDB to ensure consistency.

MongoDB provides two APIs to use transactions.

Core API: It is a similar syntax to relational databases (e.g.,
start_transaction and commit_transaction)
Call-back API: This is the recommended approach to using
transactions. It starts a transaction, executes the specified
operations, and commits (or aborts on the error). It also
automatically incorporates error handling logic for
"TransientTransactionError"
and"UnknownTransactionCommitResult".
 ankitpangasa

What is a Replica Set in

MongoDB?
To keep identical copies of your data on multiple
servers, we use replication. It is recommended for
all production deployments. Use replication to
keep your application running and your data safe,
even if something happens to one or more of your
servers.

Such replication can be created by a replica set

with MongoDB. A replica set is a group of servers
with one primary, the server taking writes, and
multiple secondaries, servers that keep copies of
the primary’s data. If the primary crashes, the
secondaries can elect a new primary from
amongst themselves.
 ankitpangasa

When to use MongoDB?

MongoDB is a great choice if one needs to:
Support a rapid iterative development.
Scale to high levels of read and write
traffic - MongoDB supports horizontal
scaling through Sharding, distributing data
across several machines, and facilitating
high throughput operations with large sets
of data.
Scale your data repository to a massive
size.
Evolve the type of deployment as the
business changes.
Store, manage and search data with text,
geospatial, or time-series dimensions.
 ankitpangasa

What are MongoDB Charts?

MongoDB Charts is a new, integrated tool in
MongoDB for data visualization.

MongoDB Charts offers the best way to create

visualizations using data from a MongoDB database.
It allows users to perform quick data representation
from a database without writing code in a
programming language such as Java or Python.

The two different implementations of MongoDB

Charts are:

MongoDB Charts PaaS (Platform as a Service)

MongoDB Charts Server
 ankitpangasa

Explain the term “Indexing”

in MongoDB.
The index stores the value of the specific field or
set of fields, ordered by the value of the field as
specified in the index.

Indexes look at an ordered list with references to

the content. These in turn allow MongoDB to
query orders of magnitude faster. To create an
index, use the createIndex collection method.

For example:

> db.users.find({"username":
"user101"}).explain("executionStats")
HOPE IT WAS
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