CHAPTER # 2

REAL AND COMPLEX NUMBER SYSTEMS

TOPICS:
1) HISTORY OF NUMBERS
2) TYPES OF OPERATIONS
➢ Unary, Binary, Linear
3) PROPERTIES OF REAL NUMBERS
➢ Closure, Associative, Identity, Inverse, Commutative, Distributive
4) PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY OF REAL NUMBERS
➢ Reflexive, Symmetric, Transitive, Additive, Multiplicative, Cancellation
5) PROPERTIES OF INEQUILITIES OF REAL NUMBERS
➢ Trichotomy, Transitive, Additive, Multiplicative, Cancellation
6) PROPERTIES OF FRACTIONS OF REAL NUMBERS
➢ Golden rule, Componendo, Dividendo
7) IMAGINARY NUMBER SYSTEM
➢ Power of Iota, Examples
8) COMPLEX NUMBER SYSTEM
➢ Definition, Representation
9) GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF COMPLEX NUMBERS
➢ Complex Plane or Argand Diagram
10) OPERATIONS ON COMPLEX NUMBERS
➢ Equality, Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division, Conjugate, Modulus,
Argument
11) VECTOR REPRESENTATION OF COMPLEX NUMBERS
12) PROPERTIES OF COMPLEX NUMBER
➢ Closure, Associative, Identity, Inverse, Commutative, Distributive
13) PROPERTIES OF CONJUGATE, MODULUS AND ARGUMENT
14) TRIANGLE INEQUALITY OF COMPLEX NUMBERS
➢ Geometrical Proof
15) DIFFERENT FORMS OF COMPLEX NUMBERS
➢ Cartesian, Polar, Exponential
16) DEMOIVRE’S THEOREM
➢ Concept
17) APPLICATION OF DEMOIVRE’S THEOREM
➢ Power and nth root of complex numbers
18) SOLUTION OF COMPLEX EQUATIONS
➢ Examples
19) MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS
➢ Complex Conjugate coordinates, Factorization of Polynomials, Euler formula, Curves
in the Complex plane
MCQs:
1) A non-empty set obeying all the addition laws, multiplication laws and distributive laws is
called
A) Group B) Abelian group
C) Field D) Semigroup
18
2) is
72
A) Rational B) Irrational
C) Integer D) Prime
3) If x  y, y  z then
A) x  z B) x  z
C) x = z D) None
4) A decimal which is non-terminating and non-recurring is called
A) Natural B) Integer
C) Rational D) Irrational
5) 1, −1 is closed with respect to
A) Addition B) Multiplication
C) Division D) Both B and C
6) Additive identity ____ in natural number.
A) Exist B) Do not exist
C) Neither D) None
7) 0.3575 is
A) Rational B) Irrational
C) Integer D) Non-recurring decimal
8) If ' a ' and ' b ' are real numbers then a + b is a real number this law is called
A) Closure law B) Commutative law
C) Associative law D) Distributive law
9) If a( 0)  R then multiplicative inverse of a is
1
A) 0 B)
a
C) a D) −a
10) Which of the following is field?
A) Q B) N
C) W D) Q '
11) 1  −1  −3  −5, this property is called
A) Additive property B) Transitive property
C) Multiplicative property D) Closure property
12) The set of rational numbers between two unequal real numbers is
A) Finite B) Empty
C) Infinite D) Singleton
13) Let a, b, c, d , R then a − b = c − d 
A) a + b = c + d B) a − b = c + d
C) a + c = b + d D) a − c = b − d
14)  is a/an:
A) natural number B) integer
C) rational number D) irrational number
15) Multiplicative inverse of (0,0) is
A) (0,0) B) (1,0)
C) (0,1) D) None

  
12

16)  sin + i cos  is equal to

 6 6
A) 1 B) −1
C) i D) −i
17) If x = 6 + 5i and y = 1 − 3i , then imaginary part of x. y is
A) -10 B) 10
C) 23 D) -23
18) The value of (−1 + i)5 + (−1 − i)5 is
A) 8 B) -8
C) 0 D) -4

( )
5
19) −1 − i 3 =
10 10  10 10 
A) 32  cos + i sin  B) 32  cos − i sin 
 3 3   3 3 
2 2
C) cos + i sin D) None
3 3
20) Complex number does not satisfy
A) The order axioms B) The group axioms
C) The field axioms D) None
21) 1 in polar form can be written as
A) cos + i sin  B) cos  + i sin 
 
C) cos + i sin D) cos 2 + i sin 2
2 2
22) If i = −1 and n is positive integer which of the following statement is false.
A) i 4n = 1 B) i 4 n+1 = −i
C) i n+4 = i n D) i 4n+2 = −1
23) Geometrically, the modulus of a complex number represents its distance from the
A) (1,0) B) (0,1)
C) (1,1) D) (0,0)
 1 + 2i
24) The complex number z = lies in quadrant.
1− i
A) I B) II
C) III D) IV
25) Product 2 −9  −16 is equal to
A) -24 B) 24
C) 48 D) - 48
26) The square root of 3 − 4i are
A) (2 − i) B) (2 + i)

C)  ( 3 − 2i ) D)  ( 3 + 2i )
27) If a complex number lies in the III quadrant, then its conjugate lies in
A) I B) II
C) III D) IV
28) If z = 1 + i32 , then =
 
A) B)
2 3

C) D) 0
6
29) Conjugate of (−3, 4)
A) (3, 4) B) (3, −4)
C) (−3, −4) D) (−3, 4)
30) z1 + z2
A) = z1 + z2 B)  z1 + z2
C)  z1 + z2 D) = z1  z2
31) The sum of two conjugate complex numbers is always a
A) Real number B) Irrational number
C) Complex number D) Natural number
2 + 3i
32) The conjugate of =
−i + 1
2 − 3i 2 − 3i
A) B)
1+ i 1− i
2 + 3i 2 + 3i
C) D)
1+ i −1 − i
33) If z = − z then z is
A) Real B) Imaginary
C) Neither type D) None
34) On Argand diagram the relationship between any complex number and its conjugate is,
A) Reflection in imaginary axis B) Reflection in real axis
C) Reflection in both axis D) Not relation
 z 
35) arg  1  =
 z2 
A) arg ( z1 ) + arg ( z2 ) B) arg ( z1 )  arg ( z2 )
C) arg ( z1 ) − arg ( z2 ) D) None
36) The modulus of complex number 1 + i tan  is
A) 1 B) tan 
C) sec D) csc
2 + 7i 2 − 7i
37) If z = , then =
2 − 8i 2 + 8i
A) z −1 B) z
C) z () D) − z

38) If a complex number is expressed as z = x + iy , then in terms of conjugate coordinates x

can be written as
z−z z+z
A) B)
2 2
z−z z+z
C) D)
2i 2i
  
39) Modulus of 2  cos + i sin  is
 3 3
 2
A) B)
3 3
C) 2 D) 2
40) If z1 = 1 + i and z2 = 3 − 2i then find the value of 5 z1 − 4 z2 =

A) 218 B) 312
C) 310 D) 218
4 + 3i
41) z = then z =
1 − 2i
−2 + 11i 2 − 11i
A) B)
5 5
2 + 11i −2 − 11i
C) D)
5 5
42) z1.z2 .z3 =
A) z1.z2 .z3 B) z1.z2 .z3
C) z1.z2 .z3 D) All of the above
43) If z  C then z.z =
A) z B) − z
2
C) z 2 D) z
44) If z = 4i + 3 then z + z =
A) 8i B) 6
C) 0 D) -1
45) 2 x + 3 y = 6 can be expressed in terms of conjugate coordinates as

A) z +
3
2i
(
z−z =6 ) B) z +
3
2i
(
z−z =6 )
C) z + z −
3
2i
(
z−z =6 ) D) z + z +
3
2i
(
z−z =6 )
z+z z−z
46) If x = ,y= then x 2 + y 2 = a 2 is
2 2i
A) z = a B) zz = a 2
2

2
C) za D) None of these
47) If z = 5 + 5 3i , then find the angle of this complex number in the Argand diagram
− 
A) B)
6 6
 
C) D)
4 3
 
5cis  
48) 3 =
 
2cis  
2
5 5 5 5
A) + i B) − i
4 4 4 4
5 5 3 5 3 5
C) + i D) − i
4 4 4 4
49) The imaginary part of i (3 + 5i 2 ) is
A) −2i B) 3i
C) -2 D) -5
z1
50) If z1 = 4 − 3i and z2 = −1 + 2i then =
z2
A) 4 + 3i B) 2 − i
C) −2 − i D) 4 − 3i
51) Any integral power of i cannot give
A) 0 B) −1
C) i D) −i
52) If n = 4m + 3 integral, then i is equal to, where n  Z .
n

A) 1 B) −1
C) i D) −i
1
53) i 57 + 125 =
i
A) 0 B) 2i
C) −2i D) 2
54) ( −i ) =
31

A) 1 B) −1
C) i D) −i
55) Additive inverse of (3,3) in C is
A) (3,0) B) (0,3)
C) (−3,3) D) (−3, −3)
56) If z = (a, b) then multiplicative inverse of z is
 a b   −a −b 
A)  2 2 , 2 2  B)  2 2 , 2 2 
 a +b a +b   a +b a +b 
 a −b   −a b 
C)  2 2 , 2 2  D)  2 2 , 2 2 
 a +b a +b   a +b a +b 
57) The value of i n = _____ where n is an odd number.
A) −i B) i
C) i D) None
58) i1347 + i1348 + i1349 + i1350 =
A) 0 B) 1
C) −1 D) i
59) If ( x, y)(2,3) = (−4,7) then the values of x and y will be
A) x = 3, y = 2 B) x = −1, y = −2
C) x = 0, y = 0 D) x = 1, y = 2
 a −b 
60) (a, b).  2 , 2 2 
=
 a +b a +b 
2

A) (0,1) B) (1,0)
C) (1,1) D) (0,0)
61) Modulus of (3 + i)(4 + i) is
A) 168 B) 170
C) 171 D) 13
62) ( z − 1) ( z − 1) can be expressed as
A) zz + 1 B) z 2 + 1
C) z − 1 D) z 2 + 2
2

63) If Re( z + 2) = −1 , where z = x + yi is any complex number then the value of x will be
A) 4 B) -3
C) 1 D) -1
4
 1
64) (1 + i ) 1 +  =
4

 i
A) 8 B) 16
C) 2i D) 1 − i
65) The additive and multiplicative identity of real number is ______ respectively.
A) 0 and 1 B) 1 and 0
C) 1 and 1 D) 0 and 0
 ( ) + ( −1 − )
62 62
66) The value of −1 + −3 −3 is

A) 262 B) −262
C) 264 D) 0
1
67) The conjugate of a complex number is
i −1
−1 −1
A) B)
i −1 i +1
1
C) D) None
i +1
i
68) Find the imaginary part of
3 + 2i
−1 1
A) B)
13 3
3 1
C) D)
13 4
i−z
69) If z = x + yi, then =
i+z
A) 0 B) 1
C) 2 D)-1
70) The factor of 3x2 + 8 y 2 in complex form are
A) ( 3 x + 4 yi )( 3 x − 4 yi) B) ( 3 x + 8 yi )( 3 x − 3 yi )
C) ( 3 x + 2 2 yi )( 3 x − 2 2 yi) D) 3 x + 8 yi
71) Let x + 3i = 2 yi, the values of x and y respectively are
3
A) 0 and 0 B) and 0
2
3 3 3
C) and D) 0 and
2 2 2
5 +i
72) The real and imaginary parts of are respectively:
5 −i
−2 5 2 5
A) and B) and −
3 3 3 3
2 5 1 2
C) and D) − and
3 3 3 3
1
73) If z = cos + i sin  then =
z
A) sec + i csc B) cos − i sin 
C) sin  − i cos D) None
(cos 2 + i sin 2 ) 5
74) =
(cos 2 + i sin 2 )3
A) cos 2 + i sin 2 B) cos3 + i sin 3
C) cos 4 + i sin 4 D) None
 1+ i
75) Modulus of is
1
1+
i
2 1
A) B)
3 2
C) 2 D) 1
76) The value of i + −i is
A) 0 B)  2
C)  i D) i
z −i
77) The complex number z = x + yi which satisfies the equation = 1 lies on
z +i
A) x − axis B) y − axis
C) Circle with center at (1, −1) D) None

 1+ i 
n

78) If   = 1 then the smallest integer value of n is

 1− i 
A) 1 B) 2
C) 4 D) 8
8 8
 1+ i   1− i 
79)   +  =
 2  2
A) −2i B) −2
C) 2 D) None
80) If 3x + ( y − 2)i = (5 − 2 x) + (3 y − 8)i then ( x, y) is
A) (0,3) B) (1,3)
C) (1, −3) D) (2, 4)
2 + 5i
81) If = x − yi then the value of x and y will be
1− i
3 7 3 7
A) , B) − ,
2 2 2 2
3 7 3 7
C) , − D) − , −
2 2 2 2
13
82)  (i
n =1
n
+ i n +1 ) =

A) −1 − i B) −1 + i
C) 1 + i D) 0
i 4 n +1 − i 4 n −1
83) If n is any positive integer, then the value of is
2
A) 1 B) −1
C) i D) −i
84) If z is a complex number, then the minimum value of z + z − 1 is
A) 1 B) 2
C) 0 D) -2
85) If (cos + i sin  )2 = x − yi then x 2 + y 2 is
A) 1 B) 0
C) 2 D) -1
86) The set of Real numbers is closed under the operation of
A) Addition B) Multiplication
C) Subtraction D) All of these
87) If a  b and a, b have opposite signs then which one is true?
1 1 1 1
A)  B) 
a b a b
1 1 1
C) = D) a 
a b b
88) Trichotomy property does not hold in the set of
A) Integers B) Rational numbers
C) Real numbers D) Complex numbers
2
89) The additive inverse of is
1− i
A) −1 − i B) 1 + i
C) −1 + i D) 1 − i
 1+ i 
12

90)   =
 1− i 
A) −4 B) 4
C) 1 D) 2i
 
91) If z = cos + i sin then arg z =
4 6
 
A) B)
4 6
 1 
C) tan −1   D) None
 2
92) If z1 and z 2 are two non-zero complex numbers such that z1 + z2 = z1 + z2 then
arg z1 − arg z2 =

A) 0 B)
2
 
C) D) −
3 2
93) If z = 1 then it represents
A) Parabola B) Ellipse
C) Circle D) Hyperbola
 (2 − 3i)(1 + i)
94) If z = then z =
2 + 3i
A) 26 B) 2
C) 10 D) 3
95) i + i + i + ... + i =
2 3 25

A) i B) −i
C) 1 D) 0
96) If z = ( )
5, 3 then z −1 =
A) 8 B) 2 2
1 1
C) D)
2 2 8
3 2
97) If z = (3, −a) and z −1 =  ,  then a =
 13 13 
−2 −2
A) B)
13 13
C) 2 D) −2
2 3
98) If z = + then Re( z) + Im( z) =
2−i 2+i
1 9
A) 2 − i B)
5 5
9
C) − D) 9
5
99) The principal value of the argument of −1 − i is
5 
A) B) −
4 4
3 3
C) − D)
4 4
100) If z = x + yi and x = 0, y  0 then the value of arg ( z) is
 
A) B) −
2 2
C)  D) 0
ANSWER KEY:

1 C 21 D 41 D 61 D 81 D

2 A 22 B 42 D 62 C 82 B

3 B 23 D 43 D 63 B 83 C

4 A 24 B 44 B 64 B 84 C

5 D 25 A 45 D 65 A 85 A

6 B 26 A 46 B 66 B 86 D

7 A 27 B 47 D 67 B 87 B

8 A 28 D 48 D 68 C 88 D

9 B 29 C 49 C 69 D 89 A

10 A 30 C 50 C 70 C 90 C

11 A 31 A 51 A 71 D 91 C

12 C 32 A 52 D 72 C 92 A

13 D 33 B 53 A 73 B 93 C

14 D 34 B 54 C 74 C 94 B

15 D 35 C 55 D 75 D 95 A

16 A 36 C 56 C 76 B 96 C

17 C 37 B 57 C 77 A 97 C

18 A 38 B 58 A 78 C 98 B

19 B 39 D 59 D 79 C 99 C

20 A 40 A 60 B 80 B 100 B