Class 12 - Applied Mathematics

Sample Paper - 02 (2022-23)

Maximum Marks: 80

Time Allowed: : 3 hours

General Instructions:

1. This question paper contains five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
2. Section - A carries 20 marks weightage, Section - B carries 10 marks weightage, Section - C carries 18 marks weightage,
Section - D carries 20 marks weightage and Section - E carries 3 case-based with total weightage of 12 marks.
3. Section – A: It comprises of 20 MCQs of 1 mark each.
4. Section – B: It comprises of 5 VSA type questions of 2 marks each.
5. Section – C: It comprises of 6 SA type of questions of 3 marks each.
6. Section – D: It =comprises of 4 LA type of questions of 5 marks each.
7. Section – E: It has 3 case studies. Each case study comprises of 3 case-based questions, where 2 VSA type questions are of
1 mark each and 1 SA type question is of 2 marks. Internal choice is provided in 2 marks question in each case-study.
8. Internal choice is provided in 2 questions in Section - B, 2 questions in Section – C, 2 questions in Section - D. You have to
attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions.

Section A
∣1+ a b c ∣

1. The value of ∣ a 1+ b c
∣
is
∣ ∣
∣ a b 1+ c∣

a) 3 + abc
b) abc
c) 1 + a + b + c
d) a + b + c
2. A Type II error is also known as a ________.
a) False positive
b) False negative
c) Double negative
d) Positive negative
3. A person invested ₹180000 in a mutual fund in year 2016. If the value of mutual fund increased to ₹ 225000 in year
2020, then compound annual growth rate of his investment is [use (1.25)1/4 = 1.057)
a) 57%
b) 10.57%
c) 5.7%
d) None of these
4. If the number of available constraints is 3 and the number of parameters to be optimized is 4, then
a) The solution is problem oriented
b) The objective function can be optimized
c) None of these
d) The constraints are short in number
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a b g h i
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

5. If ⎢ c d ⎥  A = ⎢ j k l ⎥  then order of matrix A is:

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
e f m n o

a) 2 ×  3
b) 3 ×  3
c) 3 ×  2
d) 2 ×  2
6. For a binomial variate X, if n = 3 and P (X = 1) = 8 P (X = 3), then p =
a) 2

b) 1

c) 1

d) 4

7. If the mean and standard deviation of a binomial distribution are 12 and 2 respectively, then the value of its parameter p
is
a) 1

b) 1

c) 2

d) 1

3
dy 2y
8. The equation of the curve whose slope is given by =
x
; x > 0, y > 0 and which passes through the point (1, 1) is:
dx

a) x2 = 2y
b) y2 = x
c) y2 = 2x
d) x2 = y
9. If in a 100 m race, A beats B by 10 m and C by 13 m, then in a 180 m race, B will beat C by:
a) 4.5 m
b) 6 m
c) 5.4 m
d) 5 m
2
∣ Ax x 1∣ ∣ A B C ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
10. If Δ 1
= ∣  By y
2
1∣ and Δ 2
= x y z , then
∣ ∣
∣ ∣
2
∣ Cz z 1∣ ∣ yz zx xy ∣

a) Δ + Δ = 01 2

b) Δ ≠ Δ 1 2

c) none of these
d) Δ − Δ = 01 2

11. Milk and water in two vessels A and B are in the ratio 5 : 3 and 5 : 4 respectively. In what ratio the liquid of both the
vessels be mixed to obtain a new mixture in which ratio of milk and water is 7 : 5 respectively?
a) 3 : 2
b) 2 : 3
c) 3 : 5
d) 2 : 5
12. If |x - 1| > 5, then
 a) x ∈  (-4, 6)
b) x ∈ (−∞, −4) ∪ (6, ∞)
c) x ∈ (−∞, −4) ∪ [6, ∞)
d) x ∈  [-4, 6]
13. Two pipes A and B can fill a cistern in 10 minutes and 15 minutes respectively. Both the pipes are opened together, but
after 3 minutes pipe B in turned off. How much time will the cistern take to be full?
a) 8 minutes
b) 6 minutes
c) 11 minutes
d) 12 minutes
14. Z = 7x + y, subject to 5x + y ≥  5, x + y ≥  3, x ≥  0, y ≥  0. The minimum value of Z occurs at
a) (7, 0)
b) (0, 5)
c) ( 1

2
,
5

2
)

d) (3, 0)
15. Any feasible solution which maximizes or minimizes the objective function is called:
a) An objective feasible solution
b) None of these
c) An optimal feasible solution
d) A regional feasible solution
16. A sample of 50 bulbs is taken at random. Out of 50 we found 15 bulbs are of Bajaj, 17 are of Surya and 18 are of
Crompton. What is the point estimate of population proportion of Surya?
a) 0.3
b) 0.34
c) 0.36
d) 0.4
2
1−x
17. ∫ ex
(
2
) dx is equal to
1+x
x

a) − e

2
+ C
1+x
x

b) − e

2
2
+ C
(1+x )
x

c) e

2
+ C
2
(1+x )
x

d) e

2
+ C
1+x

18. Which of the following is not an example of a time series model?

a) None of these
b) Moving average
c) Exponential smoothing
d) Naive approach
3 −2 1 0
19. Assertion (A): If A = [ ] and I = [ ] , then the value of k such that A2 = kA - 2I, is -1.

4 −2 0 1

Reason (R): If A and B are square matrices of same order, then (A + B)(A + B) is equal to A2 + AB + BA + B2.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
20. Assertion (A): The equation of all lines having slope 0. which are tangents to the curve y = 2
1
, is y = 1

2
.

x −2x+3

Reason (R): The point at which tangent to the given curve having slope 0, is (1, 1

2
).
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
Section B
21. Construct 3-yearly moving averages from the following data:
Year: 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Imported cotton consumption in

129 131 106 91 95 84 93

India (in '000 bales):
22. A dining table costing ₹ 36000 has a useful life of 15 years. If annual depreciation is ₹ 2000, find its scrap value using
the linear method.
1

23. Evaluate the definite integral: ∫ 1

dx
√1+x −√x
0

∣2 4∣ ∣ 2x 4∣
24. Find values of x, if ∣ ∣ = ∣ ∣
∣5 1∣ ∣ 6 x∣

OR

∣ 2 3 −2 ∣
∣ ∣
Evaluate the determinant D = 1 2 3 by expanding it along first column.
∣ ∣
∣ −2 1 −3 ∣

25. A Merchant lent out ₹ 10,000 in two parts, one at 8% and other at 10% interest. The yearly average comes out to be
9.2%. Find the amount lent in two parts.
Section C
26. A loan of ₹ 250000 at the interest rate of 6 % p.a. compounded monthly is to be amortized by equal payments at the end
of each month for 5 years, find
i. the size of each monthly payment.
ii. the principal outstanding at beginning of 40th month.
iii. interest paid in 40th payment.
iv. principal contained in 40th payment and
v. total interest paid. (Given (1.005)60 = 1.3489, (1.005)21 = 1.1104)
27. The marginal cost function of a product is given by MC = x

2
. Find the total cost and the average cost if the fixed
√x +400

cost is ₹ 1000.
28. Radium decomposes at a rate proportional to the quantity of radium present. It is found that in 25 years, approximately
1.1% of a certain quantity of radium has decomposed. Determine approximately how long it will take for one-half of the
original amount of radium to decompose? [Given loge 0.989 = 0.01106 and loge 2 = 0.6931]

OR

The rate of increase of bacteria in a culture is proportional to the number of bacteria present and it is found that the
number doubles in 6 hours. Prove that the bacteria becomes 8 times at the end of 18 hours.
29. An urn contains 3 white and 6 red balls. Four balls are drawn one by one with replacement from the urn. Find the
probability distribution of the number of red balls drawn. Also, find the mean and variance of the distribution.

OR
 Let X denote the no of hours you study during a randomly selected school day. The probability that X can take the values
⎧ 0.1,  if x = 0
⎪
⎪
⎪
kx,  if x = 1 , or 2
x, has the following form where K is some unknown constant P (χ = x) = ⎨
K (5 − x),  if x = 3 or 4
⎪
⎪
⎩
⎪
0,  otherwise 

i. Find the value of K.

ii. What is the probability that you study at least two hours? Exactly two hours. At most two hours.
30. Given below are the consumer price index numbers (CPI) of the industrial workers.
Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Index number 145 140 150 190 200 220 230

Find the best fitted trend line by the method of least squares and tabulate the trend values.
31. Find the student's -t for the following variable values in a sample of eight:
-4, -2, -2, 0, 2, 2, 3, 3 taking the mean of the universe to be zero.
Section D
32. Determine graphically the minimum value of the objective function Z = -50x + 20y
Subject to constraints:
2x - y ≥  -5

3x + y ≥  3

2x - 3y ≤  12

x ≥  0, y ≥  0

OR

There are two factories located one at place P and the other at place Q. From these locations, a certain commodity is to
be delivered to each of the three depots situated at A, B and C. The weekly requirements of the depots are respectively 5,
5 and 4 units of the commodity while the production capacity of the factories at P and Q are respectively 8 and 6 units.
The cost of transportation per unit is given below:
From/To Cost (in ₹)
A B C

P 160 100 150

Q 100 120 100

How many units should be transported from each factory to each depot in order that the transportation cost is minimum?
What will be the minimum transportation cost?
33. Find the probability distribution of the number of sixes in three tosses of a die. Find also the mean and variance of the
distribution.

OR

A biased die is such that P(4) =  1

10
 and other scores being equally likely. The die is tossed twice. If X is the number of
fours seen, find the variance of the random variable X.
34. How many litres of water will have to be added to 1125 litres of the 45% solution of acid so that the resulting mixture
will contain more than 25% but less than 30% acid content?
35. A machine costs a company ₹52,000 and its effective life is estimated to be 25 years. A sinking fund is created for
replacing the machine by a new model at the end of its life time, when its scrap realizes a sum of ₹2500 only. The price
of the new model is estimated to be 25% more than the price of present one. Find what amount should be set aside at the
 end of each year out of the profits for the sinking fund, if it accumulates at 3.5% per annum compound? (Given
(1.035)25 = 2.3632)
Section E
36. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Yash wants to prepare a handmade gift box for his friend’s birthday at his home. For making lower part of the box, he
took a square piece of paper of each side equal to 10 cm.

i. If x cm be the size of the square piece cut from each corner of the paper of size 10cm, then a possible value of x
will be given by interval:
ii. Volume of the open box formed by folding up the cutting corner can be expressed as:
iii. Find the value of x for whichdV
 = 0?
dx

OR

Yash is interested to maximise the volume of the box, So what will be the side of the square to be cut to
maximise the volume?
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37. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Arun is a service man. He lives in a joint family. There are 6 members in his family. He is planning to purchase a car so
he is searching for a bank for a loan. He take a loan of ₹ 250000 at the interest rate of 6% p.a. compounded monthly is to
be amortized by equal payment at the end of each month for 5 years. Given that (1.005)60 = 1.3489, (1.005)21 = 1.1104.

i. What is the value of monthly payment?

OR

How much principal amount paid on 40th payment?

ii. What is the principal outstanding at beginning of 40th month?
iii. How much interest paid on 40th payment?
38. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Three friends Ravi, Raju and Rohit were doing buying and selling of stationery items in a market. The price of per dozen
of Pen, Notebook and toys are Rupees x, y and z respectively.
Ravi purchases 4 dozens of notebooks and sells 2 dozens of pens and 5 dozens of toys. Raju purchases 2 dozens of toy
and sells 3 dozens of pens and 1 dozen of notebooks. Rohit purchases one dozen of pens and sells 3 dozens of notebooks
and one dozen of toys.

In the process, Ravi, Raju and Rohit earn ₹ 1500, ₹ 100 and ₹400 respectively.

i. What is the price of one dozen of pens?

ii. What is the total price of one dozen of pen and one dozen of notebook?
iii. What is the sale amount of Ravi?

OR

how much is the total amount of purchase made by all three friends?

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Class 12 - Applied Mathematics

Sample Paper - 02 (2022-23)

Solution

Section A
1. (c) 1 + a + b + c

Explanation: 1 + a + b + c
2. (b) False negative

Explanation: False negative

3. (c) 5.7%

Explanation: 5.7%
4. (d) The constraints are short in number

Explanation: The constraints are short in number

5. (b) 3 ×  3

Explanation: 3 ×  3
6. (a) 2

Explanation: n = 3

P(X = 1) = 8P(X = 3)

3C pq2 = 8C3p3

3q2 = 8p2

3(1 - p) = 8p2
2

3(1 - 2p + p2) = 8p2

3 - 6p + 3p2 = 8p2

5p + 6p - 3 = 0

−6±√96
p =
10

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7. (c)

Explanation: Given mean = np = 12 ...(i)

And we know that variance is square of standard deviation

so variance npq = 22 = 4 ...(ii)

Divide both the equation q = 

1

So p = 1 - q =  2

8. (d) = y
x2
Explanation: We have,

dy 2y
=
x

dx

⇒
1

2
×
1

y
dy =
1

x
dx

Integrating both sides, we get

dx

1 1 1
∫ dy = ∫
2 y x

⇒
1

2
 log y = log x + log C

⇒ log y 2  -log x = log C

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y
√
⇒ log(
x
)  = log C

√y
⇒
x
 = C

⇒ √y  = Cx ...(i)

As (i) passes through (1, 1), we get

∴  1 = C

Putting the value of C in (i), we get

√y = x

⇒  x2 = y
9. (b) 6 m

Explanation: A : B = 100 : 90

A : C = 100 : 87

C
= (
B

A
×
A

C
) = (
90

100
×
100

87
) =
30

29

When B runs 30 m, C runs 29 m.

When B runs 180 m, C runs ( × 180) m = 174m

29

30

∴ B beats C by (180 - 174) m = 6 m

10. (d) Δ − Δ = 0

1 2

Explanation: Δ 1
− Δ2 =0
11. (b) 2 : 3

Explanation: 2 : 3
12. (b) x ∈ (−∞, −4) ∪ (6, ∞)

Explanation: |x - 1| > 5

⇒  x - 1 < -5 and x - 1 > 5

⇒  x - 1 + 1 < -5 + 1 or x - 1 + 1 > 5 + 1

⇒  x < -4 and x > 6

x ∈ (−∞, −4)(6, ∞)

13. (a) 8 minutes

Explanation: In one min, (A + B) fill the cistern

th

1 1 1
= + =
10 15 6

In 3 mins. (A + B) fill the cistern

3 1
= = th
6 2

Remaining part =

1 1
1− =
2 2

∵
1

10
th part in filled by A in one min.

∴
1

2
nd part is filled by A in 10 × 1

2
= 5 min

Total time = 3 + 5 = 8 min

14. (b) (0, 5)

Explanation:
Corner Points Z = 7x + y
(3, 0) 21

6
1 5
( , )
2 2

(7, 0) 49 (minimum)
(0, 5) 5
15. (c) An optimal feasible solution

Explanation: An optimal feasible solution

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16. (b) 0.34

Explanation: 0.34
x

17. (c) + C

2
2
(1+x )

Explanation: Given ∫ e

x 1−x
( ) dx
2
1+x

2 2

=∫e

x 1−x x 1+x −2x

⇒ ∫ e ( ) dx ( ) dx
2 2
1+x (1+x )
2

2 2

=∫e

x 1+x −2x x 1+x −2x

⇒ ∫ e ( ) dx {( ) + ( )} dx
2 2 2
2 2 2
(1+x ) (1+x ) (1+x )

−2x
=∫e

x 1
{( ) + ( )} dx
2 2
(1+x ) (1+x )
2

Now using the property: ∫ e x

(f (x) + f (x)) dx = e f (x)
′ x

Now in ∫ e

x 1 −2x
{( ) + ( )} dx
2 2
(1+x ) (1+x )
2

⇒ f(x) = 1

(1+x )

−2x
⇒ f'(x) = 2
2

(1+x )

x
−2x

x 1 e
⇒ ∫ e {( ) + ( )} dx = + C
2 2 2
(1+x ) (1+x )
2 1+x

2 x
1−x
⇒ ∫ e (
x
2
) dx =
e

2
+ C .
1+x 1+x

18. (d) Naive approach

Explanation: Naive approach

19. (d) A is false but R is true.

Explanation: Assertion: Given, A2 = kA - 2I

⇒ AA = kA - 2I

3 −2 3 −2 3 −2 1 0
⇒ [ ][ ] = k[ ] − 2[ ]

4 −2 4 −2 4 −2 0 1

9− 8 −6 + 4 3k −2k 2 0
⇒ [ ] = [ ] − [ ]

12 − 8 −8 + 4 4k −2k 0 2

1 −2 3k − 2 −2k
⇒ [ ] = [ ]

4 −4 4k −2k − 2

By definition of equality of matrix, the given matrices are equal and their corresponding elements are equal.

Now, comparing the corresponding elements, we get

3k - 2 = 1 ⇒ k = 1

⇒ -2k = -2 = k = 1

⇒ 4k = 4 ⇒ k = 1

⇒ -4 = -2A - 2 ⇒ k = 1

Hence, k = 1

Reason: We have,

(A + B)(A + B) = A(A + B) + B(A + B)

= A2 + AB + BA + B2
20. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Explanation: The equation of the given curve is 2

1
...(i)

x −2x+3

The slope of the tangent to the given curve at any point (x, y) is given by

(x2 - 2x + 3)

dy −1 d
=
2
dx 2 dx
(x −2x+3)

−(2x−2) −2(x−1)
= 2
2
=
2
2

(x −2x+3) (x −2x+3)

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dy
For all tangents having slope 0, we must have dx
= 0

−2(x−1)
⇒
2
= 0

2
(x −2x+3)

⇒ -2(x - 1) = 0 ⇒ x = 1

From Eq. (i), we get

y=

1 1
=
2
1 −2×1+3 2

∴ The equation of tangent to the given curve at point (1, 1

2
) having slope = 0 is y - 1

2
= 0(x - 1) ⇒ y = 1

Hence, the equation of the required line is y =

Hence, both Assertion and Reason are true.

Section B

21. Construction of 3-yearly moving average

Imported cotton
Year consumption in India
3-yearly moving totals 3-yearly moving averages
(in '000 bales)
2010 129 - -
2011 131 366 122.00

2012 106 328 109.33

2013 91 292 97.33
2014 95 270 90.00

2015 84 272 90.66

2016 93 - -
22. Given original cost of dining table = ₹36000

Useful life = 15 years

Annual depreciation = ₹2000

Let the scrap value of the dining table be ₹S, then using

 original cost - scrap value 

annual depreciation =  usetul life 
, we get

2000 =

36000−S

15

⇒ 30000 = 36000 -  S

⇒ S = 6000

Hence, the scrap value of the dining table is ₹6000.

1

23. I = ∫ dx

√1+x −√x
0

1
√1+x +√x
= ∫ 1+x−x
dx (By Rationalising integral)

1 1
1 1

= ∫ (1 + x) dx + ∫ x dx 

2 2

0 0

1 1
1
+1
+1
(1+x) 2

= [  + [  

x 2
1
] ]
1 1 0
+1 +1
2 2
0

3 1
1
=   {[(1 + x)  + [x  

2 4
2
] +] }
3 0
0

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3 3 3

=   { (1 + 1)  - 1  + 1 }

3
2 2 2

5
3

=   {2 } = 
2 2 2
2
3 3

24. We have,

∣2 4∣ ∣ 2x 4∣
∣ ∣ = ∣ ∣

∣5 1 ∣ ∣ 6 x∣

⇒  2(1) - 4(5) = 2x(x) - 24

⇒ 2 - 20 = 2x2 - 24

⇒ 2x2 = 6

⇒  x2 = 3

–
⇒ x = ± √3 ​

OR

By using the definition, of expansion along first column, we obtain,

∣ 2 3 −2 ∣
∣ ∣
D = 1 2 3

∣ ∣
∣ −2 1 −3 ∣

∣2 3∣ ∣3 −2 ∣ ∣3 −2 ∣
⇒ D = (-1)1+1(2)∣ ∣ + (-1)2+1(1)∣ ∣ + (-1)3+1(-2)∣ ∣

∣1 −3 ∣ ∣1 −3 ∣ ∣2 3∣

∣2 3∣ ∣3 −2 ∣ ∣3 −2 ∣
⇒ D = 2∣ ∣ − ∣ ∣ − 2∣ ∣

∣1 −3 ∣ ∣1 −3 ∣ ∣2 3∣

⇒ D = 2(-6 - 3) - (-9 + 2) - 2(9 + 4) = -18 + 7 - 26 = -37

25. The allegation grid is as given below:

Using allegation law, we obtain

 Amount lent at 10 percent

1.2 3
= =
 Amount lent at 8 percent 0.8 2

Thus, ₹ 10,000 are divided in two parts in the ratio 3 : 2

∴  Amount lent at 10% = ₹ ( 3+2

3
× 10, 000)  = ₹ 6,000

Amount lent at 8% = ₹ ( 2

3+2
× 10, 000)  = ₹ 4,000
Section C
26. Given, P = ₹ 250000, i =  = 0.005 and n = 5 × 12 = 60.
6

12×100
60
250000×0.005×(1.005)
i. EMI =  60

(1.005) −1

=  = ₹ 4832.69
250000×0.005×1.3489

0.3489

ii. Principal outstanding at beginning of 40 th month

60−40+1 21
EMI[(1+i ) −1] 4832.69×[(1.005) −1]

=  60−40+1
=
21
i(1+i) 0.005×(1.005)

4832.69×[1.1104−1]
= =
4832.69×0.1104
 = ₹ 96096.72
0.005×1.1104 0.005×1.1104

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60−40+1
EMI[(1+i ) −1]

iii. Interest paid in 40th payment =  60−40+1

(1+i)

21
4832.69×[(1.005) −1]

=  = ₹ 480.48
4832.69×0.1104
=
21
1.1104
(1.005)

iv. Principal paid in 40 th payment = EMI - Interest paid in 40 th payment

= 4832.69 - 480.48 = ₹ 4352.21

v. Total interest paid = n ×  EMI - P = 60 ×  4832.69 - 250000

= 289961.40 - 250000 = ₹39961.40

27. Let C(x) be the total cost of x units of the product and MC be the marginal cost, then

MC = x
(given)

√x2 +400

As MC = d

dx
(C(x)), so dx
d
(C(x)) = x

√x2 +400

−− −−−−−
C(x) = ∫ (put √x = t i.e. x2 + 400 = t2 ⇒ 2x dx = 2t dt i.e. x dx = t dt)

x
2
∴ dx + 400
√x2 +400

1 dt = t + k, k is constant of integration

tdt
= ∫ = ∫
t
−−−−− −−
⇒ C(x) = √x2 + 400 + k.

Given fixed cost (in ₹) = 1000 i.e. when x = 0, C(x) = 1000

−−−−−−−
⇒ 1000 = √0 + 400 + k ⇒ 1000 = 20 + k ⇒ k = 980

−−−−−−−
∴ C(x) = √x + 400 + 980

C (x) √x2 +400

Average cost = x
=
x
+
980

x
.
28. Let A be the quantity of radium present at time t and A0 be the initial quantity of radium.

Therefore, we have,

dA
∝ A
dt
dA

dt
  = - 2A

  = - 2dt

dA

∫
dA
= −λtdt

log A = −λt  + c ...(i)

Now, A = A0 when t = 0

log A0 = 0 + c

c = log A0

Put value of c in equation

log A = −λ  t + log A0

log(
A
) = −λt  ...(ii)

A0

Given that, In 25 years, bacteria decomposes 1.1 %, so

A = (100 - 1.1)%  = 98.996 %= 0.989 A0, t = 25

Therefore, (ii) gives,

0.989A0
log(
A0
) = - 25λ

log (0.989) = −25λ

λ = −
1

25
log (0.989)

Now, equation (ii) becomes,

 = {  log (0.989)} t

A 1
log( )
A0 25

Now A = 1

2
A0

log(
A
) =
25
1
log (0.989) t

2A

− log 2×25
= t

log(0.989)

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= t

0.6931×25
−
0.01106

t = 1567 years

Required time = 1567 years

OR

Let A be the quantity of bacteria present in culture at any time t and initial quantity of bacteria is A0

dA
∝ A

dA
dA

dt
= λA

dA
= λdt
A
dA
∫ = ∫ λdt
A

log A = λ t + c ...(i)

Initially, A = A0, t = 0

log A0 = 0 + c

log A0 = c

Now equation (i) becomes,

log A = λ t + log A0

 ...(ii)

A
log( ) = λt
A0

Given A = 2 A0 when t = 6 hours

A
log( ) = 6λ
A0

log 2

6
= λ

Now equation (ii) becomes,

log 2
log(
A
) = t

A0 6

Now, A = 8 A0

8A0 log 2
so, log( ) =
6
t

A0

log 23 = 
log 2

log 2
3 log 2 =  6
t

18 = t

Hence, Bacteria becomes 8 times in 18 hours.

29. Let p and q be the probability of success and failure.

Consider p = probability of getting a red ball

q = probability of getting a white ball

Let X denotes the number of success in four draws. Then, X can take values 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Clearly, X follows binomial distribution with

p =
6

9
=
2

3
,q =
3

9
=
1

3
and n = 4

By using binomial distribution,

4−x x

P(X = x) =

4 2 1
Cx ( ) ( )
3 3

0 4

P(X = 0) = 4
C0 (
2

3
) (
1

3
) =
1

81

1 3

P(X = 1) =

4 2 1 2 8
C1 ( ) ( ) = 4× =
3 3 81 81

2 2

P(X = 2) =

4 2 1 4 24
  C2 ( ) ( ) = 6× =
3 3 81 81

3 1

P(X = 3) = 4
  C3 (
2

3
) (
1

3
) = 4×
8

81
=
32

81

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4 0

P(X = 4) =

4 2 1 16 16
  C4 ( ) ( ) = 1× =
3 3 81 81

Hence, the probability distribution is shown below

X 0 1 2 3 4
P(X)
1 8 24 32 16

81 81 81 81 81

Now, mean of distribution, E(X) = ∑X⋅ P(X)

1 8 24 32 16
= 0 + 1 + 2 + 3⋅ + 4
81 81 81 81 81

[0 + 8 + 48 + 96 + 64] =

1 216 8
= =
81 81 3

and variance of distribution= E(X)2 - [E(X)]2

= ∑X
2
P (X) − (
8

3
)

2 1 2 8 2 24 2 32 2 16 64
= [0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 ⋅ ] −
81 81 81 81 81 9

[0 + 8 + 96 + 288 + 256] −
1 64 648 64 648−576 72 8
= = − = = =
81 9 81 9 81 81 9

OR

The probability distribution of x is

X 0 1 2 3 4
P(X) 0.1 K 2K 2K K
n

i. ∑ pi = 1

i=1

0.1 + K + 2K + 2K + K = 1

K = 0.15
ii. p (study atleast two hours) = p (x ≥ 2)

= 2K + 2K + K

= 5K

= 5 × 0.15  = 0.75

p (Study exactly two hours) = p(x = 2)

= 2K

= 2 × 0.15  = 0.3

p (Study at most two hours)= p(x≤ 2)

= p(x=0) + p(x=1) + p(x=2)

= 0.1+ k+2k

= 0.1+3k = 0.1+3(0.15)

= 0.1+0.45 = 0.55
30. Note that the number of years is Odd

⇒  n = odd

Procedure:
i. Take middle year values as As i.e. A = 2017
ii. Find X = xi - A

iii. Find X2 and XY

Year Index number (Y) X = xi - A = xi - 2017 X2 XY Trend value Yt = a + bX

2014 145 -3 9 -435 182.1 + (-3) ×  16.6 = 132.3

2015 140 -2 4 -280 182.1 + (-2) ×  16.6 = 148.9

2016 150 -1 1 -150 182.1 + (-1) ×  16.6 = 165.5

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2017 190 0 0 0 182.1 + (0) ×  16.6 = 182.1

2018 200 1 1 200 182.1 + (1) ×  16.6 = 198.7

2019 220 2 4 440 182.1 + (2) ×  16.6 = 215.3

2020 230 3 9 690 182.1 + (3) ×  16.6 = 231.9

n=7 ∑Y  = 1275 ∑X  = 0 ∑X
2
 = 28 ∑ XY  = 465 ∑ Yt  = 1274.7
∑Y
a =
n
=
1275

7
 = 182.14

∑ XY
and b =  = 16.6

465
=
2
∑X 28

Therefore, the required equation of the straight-line trend is given by

y = a + bX

⇒ y = 182.1 + 16.6 X

31. x x − x̄ (x − x̄)
2

-4 -4.25 18.0625
-2 -2.25 5.0625
-2 -2.25 5.0625
0 -0.25 0.0625
2 1.75 3.0625
2 1.75 3.0625
3 2.75 7.5625
3 2.75 7.5625
∑x = 2   ∑(x − x̄)
2
 = 49.5000
x̄  = mean

∑x
=
n

=   = 0.25

Now, compute the standard deviation using formula as,

−−−−−−
2
∑(x−x̄)
s = √
n−1

−−−
= √
49.5

−−−−−−−
= √7.071428  = 2.659

H0 = The mean of universe, μ  = 0, we get

¯
X −μ
t = σ

√n

0.25−0
=
2.659

√8

0.25
=
2.659

2.828

=
0.25

0.9402
 = 0.2659
Section D
32. The feasible region of the system of inequations given in constraints is shown in figure. We observe that the feasible
region is unbounded.

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The values of the objective function Z at the corner points are given in the following table:
Corner point (x, y) Value of the objective function Z = -50x + 20y
(0, 5) Z = -50 ×  0 + 20 ×  5 = 100

(0, 3) Z = -50 ×  0 + 20 ×  3 = 60

(1, 0) Z = -50 ×  1 + 20 ×  0 = -50

(6, 0) Z = -50 ×  6 + 20 ×  0 = -300
Clearly, -300 is the smallest value of Z at the corner point (6, 0). Since the feasible region is unbounded. Therefore, to
check whether -300 is the minimum value of Z, we draw the line -300 = -50x + 20y and check whether the open half-
plane -50x + 20y < -300 has points in common with the feasible region or not. From the figure, we find that the open
half-plane represented by -50x + 20y < -300 has points in common with the feasible region. Therefore, Z = -50x + 20y
has no minimum value subject to the given constraints.

OR

Here, demand of the commodity (5 + 5 + 4 = 14 units) is equal the supply of the commodity (8 + 6 = 14 units). So, no
commodity would be left at the two factories.

Let x units and y units of the commodity be transported from factory P to the depots at A and B, respectively.

Then, (8 - x - y) units of the commodity will be transported from factory P to depot C.

Now, the weekly requirement of depot A is 5 units of the commodity. Now, x units of the commodity are transported

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from factory P, so the remaining (5 - x) units of the commodity are transported from factory Q to depot A.

The weekly requirement of depot B is 5 units of the commodity. Now, y units of the commodity are transported from
factory P, so the remaining (5 - y) units of the commodity are transported from factory Q to depot B.

Similarly, 6 - (5 - x) - (5 - y) = (x + y - 4) units of the commodity will be transported from the factory Q to the depot C.

Since the number of units of commodity transported are from the factories to the depots are non-negative, therefore,

x ≥ 0, y ≥  0, 8 - x - y ≥  0, 5 - x ≥  0, 5 - y ≥  0, x + y - 4 ≥  0

Or x ≥ 0, y ≥  0, x + y ≤ 8, x ≤ 5, y ≤ 5, x + y ≥ 4

Total transportation cost = 160 x + 100 y + 150(8 - x - y) + 100(5 - x) + 120(5 - y) + 100(x + y - 4) = 10x - 70y + 1900

Thus, the given linear programming problem is

Minimise Z = 10x - 70y + 1900

subject to the constraints

x + y ≤  8

x ≤  5

y ≤  5

x + y ≥  4

x ≥  0, y ≥  0

The feasible region determined by the given constraints can be diagrammatically represented as,

The coordinates of the corner points of the feasible region are A(4, 0), B(5, 0), C(5, 3), D(3, 5), E(0, 5) and F(0, 4)

The value of the objective function at these points are given in the following table.
Corner Point Z = 10x - 70y + 1900

(4, 0) 10 ×  4 - 70 ×  0 + 1900 = 1940

(5, 0) 10 ×  5 - 70 ×  0 + 1900 = 1950

(5, 3) 10 ×  5 - 70 ×  3 + 1900 = 1740

(3, 5) 10 ×  3 - 70 ×  5 + 1900 = 1580

(0, 5) 10 ×  0 - 70 ×  5 + 1900 = 1550 → Minimum

(0, 4) 10 ×  0 - 70 ×  4 + 1900 = 1620

The minimum value of Z is 1550 at x = 0, y = 5.

Hence, for minimum transportation cost, factory P should supply 0, 5, 3 units of commodity to depots A, B,

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C respectively and factory Q should supply 5, 0, 1 units of commodity to depots A, B, C respectively.

The minimum transportation cost is ₹1,550.

33. Let X denote the number of sixes in three tosses of a die.

Then, X can take values 0, 1, 2, 3.

Let Si denote the event of getting a six in toss, ith = 1, 2, 3. Then,

P(Si) =   and P (S )  =  , i = 1, 2, 3

1 ¯¯¯ 5
i
6 6

¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯

Now, P (X = 0) = P (S 1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 )  

 P(X = 0) = P (S  [∵  S  are independent events]

¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯

⇒ 1 )P ( S2 )P ( S3 ) 1, S2 , S3

⇒  P (X = 0) = 

5 5 5 125
× × =
6 6 6 216

¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯

P (X = 1) = P ((S 1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 ) ∪ ( S1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 ) ∪ ( S1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 ))  

 P(X = 1) = P (S  + P (S  + P (S  

¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯

⇒ 1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 ) 1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 ) 1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 )

 P(X = 1) =   =   

1 5 5 5 1 5 5 5 1 75
⇒ × × + × × + × ×
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 216

¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯

P(X = 2) = P ((S 1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 ) ∩ ( S1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 ) ∩ (S1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 ))

¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯

⇒  P(X = 2) = P (S 1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 )  + P (S 1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 )  + P (S 1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 )

¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯

⇒  P(X = 2) = P (S 1) P ( S2 ) P ( S3 )  + P (S 1 )P ( S2 ) P ( S3 )  + P (S 1) P ( S2 )P ( S3 )  

 P(X = 2) =   =   

1 1 5 5 1 1 1 5 1 15
⇒ × × + × × + × ×
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 216

and P(X = 3) = P (S 1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3 )  = P (S 1) P ( S2 ) P ( S3 )  =  1

6
×
1

6
×
1

6
=
1

216

Thus, the probability distribution of X is given by 

X 0 1 2 3

P(X) 125 75 15 1

216 216 216 216

Computation of mean and variance:

xi  P(X = xi) = pi pixi pi x
2
i

0 125
0 0
216

1 75 75 75

216 216 216

2 15 30 60

216 216 216

3 1 3 9

216 216 216

    Σ pi xi =
108
=
1
Σ pi x
2
i
=
144

216 2 216

Thus, we have

Σ pi xi =
108

216
=
1

2
 and Σp i
x
2
i
=
144

216
 

¯¯¯¯
 Mean = X  = Σp  

1
∴ i xi =
2
2
and, Var(X) = Σp  =   

2 2 144 1 90 5
ix − (Σ pi xi ) − ( ) = =
i 216 2 216 12

Hence, Mean =   and Variance = 

1 5

2 12

OR

Since, X = number of four seen

On tossing two die, X = 0, 1, 2.

Also, P  and P

1 9
(4) = (not4) =
10 10

So, P (X =

9 9 81
0) = P(not4) ⋅ P(not4) = ⋅ =
10 10 100

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9 1 1 9 18
P (X = 1) = P(not4) ⋅ P(4) + P(4) ⋅ P(not4) = ⋅ + ⋅ =
10 10 10 10 100

P (X = 2) = P(4) ⋅ P(4) =
10
1
⋅
1

10
=
1

100

Thus, we get the following table

xi 0 1 2

pi 81 18 1

100 100 100

pixi 0
18 2

100 100

0
2 18 4
pi x
i 100 100

Var(X) = E(X2) - [E(X)]2 = ∑ X

2
∴
2
P (X) − [∑ XP (X)]

18 4 18 2
= [0 + + ] − [0 + + ]
100 100 100 100

22 20 11 1
= − ( ) = −
100 100 50 25

 = 0.18
11−2 9 18
= = =
50 50 100

34. Given: Volume of the existing solution = 1125 liters

Amount of acid in the existing solution = 45% of 1125 …(i)

And the rest 55% of 1125 liters is the amount of water in it, which need not be computed.

Let the water added (in liters) be x in 1125 liters of solution.

According to the question,

x liters of water has to be added to 1125 liters of the 45% solution.

We can say that, even if x liters of water is added to the 1125 liters of solution, acid content will not change. Only water
content and the whole volume of the solution will get affected.

So, the resulted solution will have acid content as follows:

The acid content in the solution after adding x liters of water = 45% of 1125 …(ii)

[∵  we know that the amount of acid content will not change after adding water to the whole solution. So, from equation
(i), we have this conclusion]
Also, according to the question,

This resulting mixture will contain more than 25% acid content.

So, we have

Acid content in the solution after adding x litres of water > 25% of new mixture

⇒  45% of 1125 > 25% of (1125 + x) [∵  from equation (ii)]

⇒  45 ×  1125 > 25(1125 + x)

⇒  9 ×  1125 > 5(1125 + x)

⇒  9 ×  225 > 1125 + x

⇒  2025 > 1125 + x

⇒  x < 2025 - 1125

⇒  x < 900

Also,

This resulting mixture will contain less than 30% acid content.

So, we have

Acid content in the solution after adding x litres of water < 30% of new mixture

⇒  45% of 1125 < 30% of (1125 + x) [∵  from equation (ii)]

⇒
45

100
× 1125 <
30

100
 ×  (1125 + x)

⇒  45 ×  1125 < 30(1125 + x)

⇒  9 ×  1125 < 6(1125 + x)

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⇒  3 ×  1125 < 2(1125 + x)
⇒  3375 < 2250 + 2x

⇒  2x + 2250 > 3375

⇒  2x > 3375 - 2250

⇒  2x > 1125

⇒  x > 562.5

Thus, we have got x < 900 and x > 562.5

⇒  562.5 < x < 900

Hence, the required liters of water to be added to 1125 liters of solution is between 562.5 liters and 900 liters.
35. Let ₹ R be the amount set aside each year. Since the cost of the new machine is 25% more than the cost of the present
one. Therefore,

Cost of the new machine = ₹52,000 +  25

100
×  52,000 = ₹65,000

Scrap value of the present machine = ₹2,500

So, net amount required at the end of 25 years to purchase the new model = ₹(65,000 - 2,500) = ₹62,500

Now,

R =  iS
n
, where S = 62,500, n = 25 and i =  35

100
 = 0.035

(1+i ) −1

⇒  R =  0.035×62500

25
=
21875

2.3632−1
=
2187.5

1.3632
 = 1,604.68

(1.035) −1

Thus, ₹1,604.68 are set aside each year out of the profits to purchase the new model of the machine.

To practice more questions & prepare well for exams, download myCBSEguide App. It provides complete study
material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams. Teachers can use Examin8 App to create similar
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Section E
36. i. (0,10)
ii. V = x(10 - 2x)(10 - 2x)
iii. ,5
5

OR

3
cm
37. i. Given, P = ₹25,000

i=

12×100

= 0.005

and n = 5 × 12

= 60

n
p×i×(1+i)
∴  EMI =  n

(1+i ) −1
60
25000×0.005×(1.005)
= 60

(1.005) −1

= 25000×0.005×1.3489

0.3489

= ₹ 4832.69

= ₹ 4833

OR

Principal paid on 40th payment

= EMI - Interest paid in 40th payment

= 4832. 69 - 480.48

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= ₹ 4352.21

≈ ₹ 4352
ii. Principal beginning of 40th month

n−40+1
 EMI [(1+t ) −1]

= n−40+1

i(1+i)

60−40+1
4832.69[(1+0.005) −1]

= 60−40+1

0.005(1+0.005)

21
4832.69[(1.005) −1]

= 21

0.005×(1.005)

4832.69[1.1104−1]
= 0.005×1.1104

4832.69×0.1104

0.005×1.1104

= ₹ 96096.72

= ₹ 96097
iii. Interest paid on 40th payment

n−40+1
 EMI [(1+1) −1]

= n−40+1

(1+i)

60−40+1
4832.69[(1+i ) ]

= 60−60+1

(1+i)

21
4832.69×[(1.005) −1]

= 21

(1.005)

4832.69×0.1104

1.1104

= ₹ 480.48

= ₹ 480
38. i. ₹ 100
ii. ₹ 300
iii. ₹ 1200

OR

₹ 1500

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