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Corrupt Colonial Officials

1. During the 19th century, the Filipino people suffered under unfair treatment and human rights abuses from the Spanish colonial government such as forced labor, racial discrimination, and lack of representation in Spanish parliament. 2. Rizal directly witnessed his mother's unjust imprisonment and the discrimination of Filipinos by corrupt Spanish officials and the Guardia Civil security force. 3. In his writings, Rizal enlightened Filipinos about seeking freedom from Spanish rule and fighting for their beliefs, which had long been suppressed under the unstable and deteriorating colonial administration.

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Casandra Calacat
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211 views

Corrupt Colonial Officials

1. During the 19th century, the Filipino people suffered under unfair treatment and human rights abuses from the Spanish colonial government such as forced labor, racial discrimination, and lack of representation in Spanish parliament. 2. Rizal directly witnessed his mother's unjust imprisonment and the discrimination of Filipinos by corrupt Spanish officials and the Guardia Civil security force. 3. In his writings, Rizal enlightened Filipinos about seeking freedom from Spanish rule and fighting for their beliefs, which had long been suppressed under the unstable and deteriorating colonial administration.

Uploaded by

Casandra Calacat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fairness or justice was developed during the time of Rizal when he saw

how the Filipinos were treated unfairly by the Spaniards. He experienced


it firsthand when his mother was unjustly incarcerated. Though his
writings, he enlightened the Filipinos to seek for their freedom and fight
for their beliefs which were long been suppressed by the colonizers.

The Filipinos in this time were unfortunate victims of the evils of an unjust, biased
and deteriorating power.

These are: 1. Instability of colonial administration

2. Corrupt Colonial Officials

3. No Philippine Representation in Spanish Cortes

4. Human Rights Denied to Filipinos

5. No Equality Before the Law

6. Maladministration of Justice

7. Racial Discrimination

8. Frailocracy

9. Forced Labor

10. Haciendas Owned by the Friars

11. The Guardia Civil

 The instability of Spanish politics since the turbulent reign of King Ferdinand
VII (1808-1833) marked the beginning of political chaos in Spain.

 This political instability in Spain adversely affected Philippine affairs because


it brought about frequent periodic shifts in colonial policies and periodic
rigodon of colonial officials.

 1835 to 1897: 50 Governor-Generals each serving an average term of only one


year and three months.

Corrupt Colonial Officials

 Spaniards arrogantly regarded the brown skinned Filipinos as inferior beings.

 Spanish Penal Code, which was enforced in the Philippines, particularly


imposed heavier penalties on Native Filipinos or mestizos and lighter penalties
on white-complexioned Spaniards.

Thank you :)
 During Rizal’s times the Spanish friars belonging to different religious orders
were the richest landlords, for they owned the best haciendas (agricultural
lands) in the Philippines.

 The courts of justice in the Philippines during Rizal’s time were notoriously
corrupt.

 Justice was costly, partial and slow.

 Wealth, social prestige and color of skin were preponderant factors in winning
a case in court.

 The judicial procedure was so slow and clumsy that it was easy to have justice
delayed.

Haciendas Owned by the Friars


Racial Discrimination
Admiral Jose Malcampo (1874-77)
> was a good Moro fighter, but was an inept and weak administrator
Human Rights Denied to Filipinos

 Known as polo.

 Compulsory labor imposed by the Spanish colonial authorities on adult


Filipino males in the construction of churches, schools, hospitals, building and
repair of roads and bridges, building of ships and other public works.

 Since the adoption of the Spanish Constitution of 1812 and other constitutions
in succeeding years, the people of Spain enjoyed freedom of speech, freedom
of the press, freedom of association, and other human rights (except freedom
of religion).

 The Spanish authorities who cherished these human rights in Spain denied
them to the Filipinos in Asia.

The Philippines of Rizal's Time (19th Century)


General Fernando Primo de Rivera (1880-83 and 1897-98)
> Governor General for two terms enriched himself by accepting bribes from
gambling casinos in Manila which he scandalously permitted to operate.

 To win the support of her overseas colonies during the Napoleonic invasion,
Spain granted them representation in the Cortes (Spanish parliament).

 Accordingly, the Philippines experienced her first period of representation in


the Cortes from 1810 to 1813.

No Equality Before The Law


Guardia Civil
Gen. Rafael de Izquierdo (1871-1873)

> a boastful and ruthless governor general who ordered the execution of Father
Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora.

 Had rendered meritorious services in suppressing the bandits in the provinces,


they later became infamous for their rampant abuses, such as maltreating
innocent people, looting their carabaos, chickens and valuable belongings and
raping women.

 Rizal himself witnessed the discrimination of how the guardia civil (either
Filipino or insulares) treated the Filipinos.

 Filipinos as inferior beings who were infinitely undeserving of the rights and
privileges that the white Spaniards enjoyed.

 Spaniards called the brown-skinned and flat-nosed Filipinos “Indios”


(Indians), in retaliation, the Filipinos dubbed their pale-complexioned
detractors with the disparaging term “bangus” (milkfish).

General Valeriano Weyler (1888-91)


> A cruel and corrupt governor general of Hispanic-German ancestry, arrived in
Manila a poor man and returned to Spain millionaire.

 Ventura de los Reyes- The first Philippine delegate who took active part in the
framing of the Constitution 1812.

- Another achievement was the abolition of the Galleon Trade.

Frailocracy
1800

Maladministration of Justice

 They were either highly corrupt, incompetent, cruel or venal.

Forced Labor
Instability of Colonial Administration
General Camilo de Polavieja (1896-97)

> An able militarist but heartless governor general, was widely detested by the
Filipino people for executing Dr. Rizal.

King

Ferdinand VII

1900
Philippine Representation in Spanish Cortes
 The friars (Augustinians, Dominicans and Franciscans) controlled the
religious and educational life of the Philippines, and later in the 19th century
they came to acquire tremendous political power, influence and riches.

 Almost every town in the archipelago, except in Islamic Mindanao and Sulu
and in Pagan hinterlands, was ruled by a friar curate.

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