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MIL Module 4

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MIL Module 4

Uploaded by

Casimero Cabungcal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Piracy and Intellectual Property

PIRACY

• It is the unauthorized reproduction or use of a copyrighted book, recording, television


program, patented invention and trademarked product.
• Piracy negatively affects every single person working in these industries and their supply
chains. There is less money to invest in new software, developing music artists and
movies. There is less work for developers, testers, sound engineers, videographers,
actors, scriptwriters, musicians, assistants, set designers, security guards, stores,
salespeople, website developers and every other type of person who goes into creating,
packaging, advertising, distributing, supporting, promoting or reviewing these products
and services.
• People who copy digital contents without the permission to use are called digital pirates.
This includes copying digital content a friend has bought - like music, pictures, videos,
movies, games, books or software, copying digital content from peer-to-peer networks or
file sharing servers and buying content from a source who stole the content and made
copies to sell – like counterfeit versions of games, movies, music, books, or software – is
buying stolen goods.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

• refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs;
and symbols, names and images used in commerce.
• IP is protected in law by, for example, patents, copyright and trademarks, which enable
people to earn recognition or financial benefit from what they invent or create. By striking
the right balance between the interests of innovators and the wider public interest, the IP
system aims to foster an environment in which creativity and innovation can flourish.
• World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is the global forum for intellectual
property services, policy, information and cooperation
• The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is the UN agency responsible for
treaties involving copyright, patent, and trademark laws. WIPO can be a force for
progressive change, helping the world take into account public interest and development
needs.

TYPES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

1. COPYRIGHT

• a legal term used to describe the rights that creators have over their literary and artistic
works.
• books, music, paintings, sculpture and films, to computer programs, databases,
advertisements, maps and technical drawings

Republic Act No. 8293


INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
Copyright Validity Period
Literary Works During the lifetime of the author plus 50 years
after death
Art 25 years from the date of creation
Photographic Work 50 years from publication
Audio Visual Work 50 years from publication
Sound Recording 50 years from year recording took place
Broadcast Recording 20 years from date of broadcast
Trademark Valid for 10 years and may be renewed for a
period of 10 years
Invention Patent Valid for 20 years from filing date application
2. PATENT

• an exclusive right granted for an invention


• provides the patent owner with the right to decide how - or whether - the invention can
be used by others
• Designers have used these patents to protect renowned works like Clarence Fender’s
electric guitar, Adam Ziska’s early Harley Davidson motorcycle, Charles Eames’ iconic
chairs, and even Christiansen’s little lego man. Design patents also protect moderns
works of high-tech and digital design like Google’s famously simple search interface, and
of course, every iteration of Steve Jobs and Jony Ives’ iPhone.(

3. TRADEMARK

• A trademark is a sign capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one enterprise


from those of other enterprises. Trademarks date back to ancient times when craftsmen
used to put their signature or "mark" on their products.
o TM means the owner of the mark has common law rights even though the mark
has not been registered while the ®, on the other hand, is only used for marks
that have been granted registration.
o Infringement refers to the violation of a law or a right.

4. INDUSTRIAL DESIGN

• An industrial design constitutes the ornamental or aesthetic aspect of an article. An


industrial design may consist of three-dimensional features, such as the shape or
surface of an article, or of two-dimensional features, such as patterns, lines or color.
• An industrial design right protects only the appearance or aesthetic features of a
product, whereas a patent protects an invention that offers a new technical solution to a
problem. In principle, an industrial design right does not protect the technical or
functional features of a product. Such features could, however, potentially be protected
by a patent.

5. GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS AND APPELLATIONS OF ORIGIN

• Geographical indications and appellations of origin are signs used on goods that have a
specific geographical origin and possess qualities, a reputation or characteristics that are
essentially attributable to that place of origin. Most commonly, a geographical indication
includes the name of the place of origin of the goods.
FAIR USE

• Fair use means you can use copyrighted material without a license only for certain
purposes. These include:
o Commentary
o Criticism
o Reporting
o Research
o Teaching

GUIDELINES FOR FAIR USE

• A majority of the content you create must be your own.


• To return to the example above, it's probably fair use to include a few relevant photos to
support your ideas in a blog post, presentation, or research paper. However, using these
same photos in a project with only a few lines of commentary might not be fair use. As
another example, let's imagine you found a useful tutorial you wanted to feature on your
blog. Including one tip from the tutorial would be fair use. Simply republishing the entire
tutorial would not be fair use, even if you linked to the original source.
• Give credit to the copyright holder.
• In order for something to be fair use, you must give full credit to the person who created
it. This includes the creator's name, as well as other information that will help people find
the original work or source. For example, if you adapt a recipe that was originally
published on a cooking website, you should include a link to the original page.
• Don't make money off of the copyrighted work.
• In general, it's much easier to claim fair use when you're using the copyrighted material
for noncommercial purposes. While posting images of your favorite TV shows and
adding funny captions and commentary might be considered fair use, selling these
images on T-shirts would not.

CREATIVE COMMONS

• is an American non-profit organization devoted to expanding the range of creative works


available for others to build upon legally and to share. The organization has released
several copyright-licenses known as Creative Commons licenses free of charge to the
public.
o Attribution: You must credit the creator.
o Non-Commercial: You can't make a profit.
o No Derivative Works: You can't change the content.
o Share Alike: You can change the content, but you have to let other people use
your new work with the same license as the original

Plagiarism

PLAGIARISM
• The act of using another person's words or ideas without giving credit to that person
• The practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

KINDS OF PLAGIARISM

1. “The Ghost Writer”

• The writer turns in another’s work, word-for-word, as his or her own.

2. “The Photocopy”

• The writer copies significant portions of text straight from a single source, without
alteration.

3. “The Potluck Paper”

• The writer copies from several different sources, tweaking the sentences to make them
fit together while retaining most of the original phrasing.

4. “The Poor Disguise”

• The writer has altered the paper’s appearance slightly by changing key words and
phrases.

5. “The Labor of Laziness”

• The writer takes the time to paraphrase most of the paper from other sources and make
it all fit together.

6. “The Self-Stealer”

• The writer “borrows” generously from his or her previous work.

7. “The Forgotten Footnote”

• The writer mentions an author’s name for a source, but neglects to include specific
information on the location of the material referenced.

8. “The Misinformer”

• The writer provides inaccurate information regarding the sources, making it impossible to
find them.

9. “The Too-Perfect Paraphrase”

• The writer properly cites a source, but neglects to put in quotation marks on text that has
been copied word-for-word, or close to it.

10. “The Resourceful Citer”


• The writer properly cites all sources, paraphrasing and using quotations appropriately.
The catch? The paper contains almost no original work!

11. “The Perfect Crime”

• The writer properly quotes and cites sources in some places, but goes on to paraphrase
other arguments from those sources without citation.

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