Personal Development

Quarter 2 – Module 27:

Career Options Based on Career
Development Concepts and
Personal Life Goals
Personal Development – Grade 11/12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Unit 27: Career Options Based on Career Development Concepts and
Personal Life Goals
First Edition, 2020

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 SHS

Personal
Development
Quarter 2 – Module 27:
Career Options Based on Career
Development Concepts and
Personal Life Goals

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities. We
encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback,
comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at
action@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

(To effectively implement all the activities like exercises, reflections, post
assessment tests, instructions were given for maximum attainment of the objectives of
these instructional materials and to draw success on the part of the learners.)

For the learner:

(This module is done with the intention of learners maximizing the use of all the
activities presented. Thus, learners are encouraged to read directions thoroughly and
carefully for the complete attainment of the objectives set for each unit. To provide clear
understanding on the part of the learners with regards to the activities, exercises
and/or performance tasks, authors presented a clear overview for each unit. Similarly,
discussion of the important terminologies, concepts and/or ideas regarding the
competencies involved in each unit are well delivered)

What I Need to Know

This material was crafted to give you – learners, the right amount of assistance
for you to absorb and acquire all the necessary concepts and nature comprising
oneself. Lessons are bounded on the performance and content standard, learning
competencies and level of the learners. This also used languages appropriate to the
understanding of the varied types of students’ learning acquisition. Sequence of the
lessons adhered to the arrangement of the competencies as reflected on the DepEd’s
curriculum guide for this course.
This lesson is entitled Career Options Based on Career Development Concepts
and Personal Life Goals.

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. Identify career options based on different factors, career development
concepts, and personal life goals.

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 Career Options Based on Career
Lesson
Development Concepts and Personal
27 Life Goals

What’s In

Now that you already have a full grasp in planning your career
and making informed decisions, you are now ready to explore career options further.
Whereas planning and assessing your career pathway are stringent processes not
to mention these may dictate your success in achieving your personal and
professional goals, it is, too, salient that you consider career options that may be
best suited to your goals and look into various factors that may assist you in your
career development.

To do so, it is requisite that you become familiar with the available

career options offered by the Department of Education (DepED), which is an initial
stage in being accustomed with career development. Thus, as a preliminary activity,
assess yourself as to where your leaning is when it comes to various factors that you
may refer to in choosing the right career for you.

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 Fill-out the Employment Form provided under:

EMPLOYMENT FORM
Name: Grade level:
School: Age:
Job you are applying for:

Five things I can skillfully do for a company once I got employed:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Four characteristics I want my employer in the future to have:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Three influences I would consider in choosing employment:

1.
2.
3.

Two goals I would be wanting to achieve through employment:

1.
2.

One thing I will never compromise for my career:

1.

Notes to the Teacher

To facilitate the answers of the students, give them opportunities
to discuss certain portions of their written responses. Clarify that their
answers are representations of the core of the discussion in the module,
so these may be strengthened or modified along the course of the lesson.

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 What’s New

At the very onset of K-12 Curriculum, the Department of Education has

provided career pathways that secondary students might pursue as a strategy to
prepare them on their planned careers. According to an enclosure in DepEd
Memorandum No. 149, s. 2011, the following are the career pathways:

o Computer Assembly,
 Science and Technology or Maintenance and
Engineering and Science Education Trouble Shooting
Program (ESEP)  Agriculture and Fishery
 Special Program in Journalism o Plant Production
 Technology and Livelihood o Animal Production
Education o Fish Production
 Home Economics  Special Program in Sports
o Foods and Food Service o Athletics
o Beauty Care o Arnis
o Clothing and Textile o Badminton
o Home Management Business o Basketball
o Health Care and Support Services o Baseball/Softball
o Related Crafts o Chess
 Industrial Arts o Football
o Automotive Technology o Gymnastics
o Civil Technology o Sepaktakraw
o Drafting o Swimming
o Electrical Technology o Table Tennis
o Electronics o Taekwondo
o Metal Works o Tennis
o Handicraft o Volleyball
o Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning  Special Program in the Arts
(RAC) o Visual Arts
 Information and Communication o Music (Vocal and
Technology (ICT) Instrumental)
o Media Arts
o Photo Editing o Theater Arts
o Desktop Publishing o Creative Writing
o Webpage Design o Dance
o Programming  Special Program in Foreign
o Data Management Language

Although a student can always choose the career pathway he/she desires,
there are certain factors that need to be looked into in ensuring that an individual
has bigger percentage in achieving his/her goals over failing to do so.

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 The Education Department provides a wide array of career options in order
for the students to avoid career mismatch and eventually unemployment. As reported
by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), the January 2020 Labor Force Survey
(LFS) reflected that the country’s youth labor participation rate jumped from 35.9%
in January 2019 to 37.4% this year in the same period. There is also a slight
deduction from last year’s 14.2% to this year’s 13.6% unemployment rate among
youth. Meanwhile, underemployment from the youth population also went down
from 2019’s 14.6% to 2020’s 12.5%. Though the LFS shows a fairly performing youth
labor data this year, there has to have a consistent push from different sectors in
order to fully minimize the unemployment and underemployment remainders that
transpired in the survey.

What is It

There are different considerations that affect an individual when it comes

to deciding how you act towards achieving your personal goals. Although people are
distinct from their goals and are different from achieving so, there are similar
concepts and factors that you always have to look into when it comes to career
development. In this module, you will be given an introduction to the three career
development concepts and numerous factors that you have to pay attention
to for you to be able to achieve a more informed decision in choosing the
best career for you.

Career Development Concepts

Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory

The Social Cognitive Theory of Albert Bandura elaborates “self-efficacy,” an

individual’s characteristic where a person performs in a certain level of work
according to his/her confidence to accomplish a task. This “confidence” is
an outcome of someone’s past activities, experiences, and accomplishments where
he/she develops a certain level of performance. The concept of self-efficacy in social
cognitive theory acknowledges that an individual perceives reality and that
this perception may be a greater determinant of performance than the
objective reality itself.

Super’s Career Development Theory

Donald Super’s theory postulates that a person undergoes several stages in

career development. Synthesizing into five, Super outlines five developmental stages
that occur in the career development of an individual.

Growth (around 4 to 13)- children develop their wants, capacities, behavior,

socialization skills, and general view of the world.

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Exploration (14 to 24)- people try to “find” themselves in the world through
identifying their hobbies, groups, and experiences. In this stage, they identify
tentative choices until they reach their permanent occupation.

Establishment (25-44)- individuals are set to their appropriate positions but still
strive for advancement.

Maintenance (45-65)- people proceed to continual adjustments, challenging

themselves to explore to better grounds. They try to update their competencies and
innovate ways by which they can approach their field of work.

Disengagement (over 65)- people start to disengage themselves from the workforce;
they concentrate on retirement planning and retirement living.

Holland’s Theory of Vocational Choice

Proposed by John L. Holland, this theory emphasizes the relationship between

personality and the world of work. Essentially, the Theory of Vocational Personalities
in Work Environment discusses that an individual looks for an environment that is
attached to his/her personality, personal characteristics, and view of the world. In a
nutshell, the theory explicitly identifies that the more related the personal
orientations of a person is to his chosen career, the higher the degree of satisfaction
and persistence is seen in his/her performance.

Career Development Factors

Recently, the Department of Education has released Memorandum no. 169,
s. 2018 in support to the implementation of Grade 12 Career Guidance Program
wherein it enumerated several factors to consider in career pathways.
An individual may be intrinsically or extrinsically motivated depending upon
the strength of influences numerous factors pound on him/her. Although there are
more specific factors available in different books, the Department of Education
classified these factors into three.

Personal

Students’ personal preferences and idiosyncrasies play as a vital factor in

career development. His/Her self-assessment contributes to his/her career choice
hence personal decision making. As discussed in the preceding modules, personality
traits develop one’s way of thinking and acting, directing an individual to choosing a
career option he/she finds himself/herself best for.

Academic

Experiences in the educational platform also serves as a factor in career

development as students’ competencies are challenged yet honed in schools.
Students create a huge sense of evaluation within themselves by checking and
reviewing their academic performances. By so doing, there is a clear assistance on

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their strengths and weaknesses which they may use in choosing and developing a
career they think is suited to them.

Familial

Since humans are social in nature and that people are at times influenced by
their surroundings, leaning to a certain career path may be affected by familial
factors. Having that said so, some students may anchor their decisions with the
environment where they grew up or where they are exposed to. For instance, one
may decide that he/she would rather want to be an engineer because he/she saw
how successful his/her parents who are, too are engineers themselves. One may also
prefer to take a career that is suited to the budget of the family as suggested by
his/her parents. Or, a student may also be forced to choose a career path he/she
does not desire just because his/her family members force him/her to take so.

Other factors:

Students’ personal insights on their work values serve as a factor in choosing

a career path and achieving personal goals. Work values are your principles and
ideas that are related to your career. These cover honesty, service, self-respect,
respect for others, peace, and success.

Besides, personality types are also factors to consider in identifying career

options. One of the ways to identify your personality is by using the E-N-F-P
Personality Type Code. These mean the following:

Extroversion-motivation comes from the outside and you are fond of

interactions.

Intuition- possibilities in the future are given heavy considerations because

you can sense evidences more than the five senses can provide you.

Feeling- decisions are accounted for by consulting your feelings and values.

Perceiving- planning is not considered because you take spontaneity and

flexibility as your strongest edge.

It is also important to take note of your interests when identifying your career.
Since it is difficult to thrive in a workplace where you are not passionate about, you
have to ensure that your career choice is inclined to your interests in order for the
tasks to be lighter, to be enjoyable at that.

Lastly, aptitudes are also a factor to take a look into in choosing a career.
Accurately identifying your aptitudes may give you wider opportunities to fit yourself
in your career choice. Since no shoes fit all feet, you have to think and rethink
whether your aptitude is what your career choice requires or your career choice is
what your aptitude is suited to.
The long list of factors in choosing a career may increase the precision in
recognizing the apt career for you. That said, it is also noteworthy that a wrong career

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choice may lead to certain complications that may impede someone’s growth, leading
to compromising the welfare of the whole company. Published in edunote.com, the
website outlined three major effects of job discontent in its article entitled 8 Causes
of Job Dissatisfaction.

1. Loss of motivation/lack of interest/frustration- an individual may

lose the zest and enthusiasm in working when he/she feels that the career
culture where he/she is into is not where she should be.

2. Poor productivity/absenteeism- as a debilitating effect of wrong career

choice, a person may partially or totally waste time and money as he/she
may not want to perform in the career any longer.

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 3. High turnover rates- when a company has failed to assess its employees
and motivate them in such a way that they would individually contribute for
the growth of the institution, employees resigning one by one may eventually
result to high turnover rates.

What’s More
Activity 1.1 Read and React

Skim the news article published in news.abs-cbn.com in 2018 about employers’

perception in hiring K-12 graduates. Prepare to react on the article afterwards.

Some employers see 'risk' in hiring K-12 grads: Jobstreet

MANILA - Some employers are unwilling to hire K-12 graduates, seeing the
lack of a 4-year degree as a "risk," a job recruitment website said.
Only 24 percent of employers were willing to hire K-12 graduates, 35 percent
were unwilling, while 41 percent were undecided, according to a JobStreet.com poll
of 503 company representatives in February.
The study does not prove that college graduates are better workers compared
to K-12 graduates, but shows that those who earned degrees have "more chances
in landing a job" in the Philippines, Jobstreet.com Philippines country manager
Philip Gioca told reporters.
Another survey released by the Philippine Business for Education in March
showed only 1 out of 5 companies "are open and ready to accept senior high
school graduates."

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 "They (Employers) perceive it as a risk," Gioca said.
"Employers do not have proof that K-12 graduates are more productive,
more efficient than college graduates," Gioca said.
Most employers who are unwilling to hire K-12 graduates are in small and
medium enterprises, he said.
"These businesses have very lean staffing so they want to be very sure about
who they get," he said.
"Employers see that applicants who spent 4 more years in school have more
knowledge, more experience," he said.
More employers may be willing to hire senior high school graduates next
year if they see that K-12 graduates can be as productive as college degree
holders, he said.

Processing questions:

1. As a student under the K-12 curriculum, what do you think are your strengths
that can help you increase your employability?
2. What can you say about the perception of some employers that hiring K-12
graduates would be a risk?
3. What is your most important take away from the article?

Activity 1.2 Discern and Decide

It is said that there are always two sides of the coin. By this activity, your
analytical thinking skill will be challenged because you have to realize the “two
sides” of each career development concept discussed in this module. Write the
positive implications (pros) and struggles (cons) that you as an individual realize
from the enumerated concepts. Your answers may come from your experiences,
observations, and beliefs as a K-12 student. You are given an example for
guidance.

Pro-Con Table

Factor Pro Con Personal

Solution

Super’s Career An individual is Different people I have to keenly

Development given a clear guide come in different monitor my
Theory of where he/she is phase of life, so a career
supposed to be person may feel development in
according to intimidated or order for me to
his/her age or life frustrated if have a specific
stage. he/she is dictated view whether I
of where he/she is am progressing
supposed to be. or staggering.

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 Bandura’s Social
Cognitive Theory

Super’s Career
Development
Theory

Holland’s Theory of
Vocational Choice

Activity 1.3 Will at Wheel

A big part of achieving your personal goals is visualizing and realizing the
factors that are important for you. Through this activity, you will have a clearer
view of your personal goals when it comes to your chosen or planned career option.

By drawing a pie graph, indicate which of the career development factors

and other factors discussed in this module are of heavier importance for you than
the other factors. You may use electronic applications to create your graph or you
may technically draw your output as you desire.
Remember: It is not necessary to include all factors if you think some are
not suitable for you. It is also not necessary to stick with the traditional design of a
pie graph as you are given the liberty to be creative in this activity.
Example:

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Draw or paste your pie graph on the space provided:

What I Have
Learned

As mentioned at the beginning of this module, you may have personal concepts
that may be strengthened or modified by going through this lesson. By using the
chart below, write your most essential takeaway from the module. Summarize the
lesson by using the legend below as your guide:
I thought- write one misconception about career options that was clarified to you
through this module
But now- write your new realization about your “I thought…”
Therefore- write your plan in concretizing your “But now…”
Because- write your very reason in choosing the plan you indicated in your
“Therefore…”

I thought… But now…

Therefore…. Because…

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 What I Can Do

While it is true that one has to be always aware of his/her career plans, he/she
should also be keen in observing social issues about the society he/she lives in. In
this activity, your critical and creative thinking skills will be tested because you will
be asked to take a photo that depicts a social issue about choosing the correct career
option.
Tips: Your photo has to have a human element in it, ethical in all aspects, and
focused on one or more societal problems about Filipinos’ career choices. Explore
styles in photography/photojournalism.
The photos may tolerate minor alterations and must carry a caption with it. The
output must be sent through the most convenient means available.
Follow this format in captioning:
___(name of the subject/s)__________(describe what he/she/they is/are
doing)_______________(indicate the place)__________(indicate the date)_________.
____(describe the relevance of the
photo)_________________________________________________________________.

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. One of the reasons that students are guided in their career _________ in the
secondary level is to ensure that they would contribute to the employment
force of the country later on.
a. mismatch
b. unemployment
c. goals
d. underemployment

2. It is a career development concept that discusses the relationship between a

person’s view of his competence towards the tasks given to him/her.

a. Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory

b. Super’s Career Development Theory
c. Holland’s Theory of Vocational Choice
d. Roe’s Subsequent Development Theory

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 Additional Activities

Conduct a short survey consisting of 20 persons. Ask to your respondents:

“If you were an employer, what are the five most outstanding characteristics
that you will look for in an employee?” The survey may be conducted through
social media messaging applications or by personally asking your respondents. For
visual presentation, rank the ten most popular responses that you will harvest from
your respondents. Afterwards, write a one-paragraph reflection in relation to the top
answers of your respondents.

----SURVEY SHEET----
10 TOP CHARACTERISTICS EMPLOYER LOOK FOR IN AN EMPLOYEE
10. 5.
9. 4.
8. 3.
7. 2.
6. 1.

REFLECTION:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.

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Reference
McKay, Dawn Rosenberg. “Clarifying Your Work Values Leads to Job
Satisfaction”https://www.thebalancecareers.com/identifying-your-work-values-
526174#:~:text=Updated%20November%2021%2C%202018,others%2C%20peace%
2C%20and%20success. (accessed June 4, 2020)
Doyle, Alison. “Interview Question: What are Your
Hobbies?”https://www.thebalancecareers.com/job-interview-question-what-are-
your-hobbies-2060979 (accessed June 5, 2020)
McKay, Dawn Rosenberg. “The ENFP Personality Type What Can This MBTI Type
Tell You About Your Career?” https://www.thebalancecareers.com/enfp-myers-
briggs-personality-type-525379 (accessed June 5, 2020)
McKay, Dawn Rosenberg. “Knowing Your Aptitude Can Help You Choose a Career”
https://www.thebalancecareers.com/what-is-aptitude-526175 (accessed June 5,
2020)
“Https://Www.iedunote.com/Job-Dissatisfaction-Causes.” Essay, n.d.
“Https://Psa.gov.ph/Content/Employment-Rate-January-2020-Estimated-947-
Percent.” Essay, n.d.
“Https://Www.teacherph.com/Grade-12-Career-Guidance-Modules/.” Essay, n.d.
“Https://News.abs-Cbn.com/Business/07/12/18/Some-Employers-See-Risk-in-
Hiring-k-12-Grads-Jobstreet.” Essay, n.d.
“Https://Www.readingrockets.org/Strategies.” Essay, n.d.
“Https://Www.teacherph.com/Career-Pathways-High-School-Students/.” Essay,
n.d.
“Http://Career.iresearchnet.com/Career-Development/Supers-Career-
Development-Theory/.” Essay, n.d.
“Http://Career.iresearchnet.com/Career-Development/3/.” Essay, n.d.
“Http://Career.iresearchnet.com/Career-Development/Hollands-Theory-of-
Vocational-
Choice/#:~:Text=The%20theory%20of%20vocational%20choice,Applied%20th
eories%20of%20career%20development.&Text=The%20theory%20incorporates
%20several%20constructs,Perception%20theory%20and%20social%20stereot
yping.” Essay, n.d.
“Https://Www.nae.edu/File.aspx?Id=126530#:~:Text=Social%20cognitive%20theor
y%20(Bandura%2C%201977,Determine%20their%20level%20of%20performa
nce.” Essay, n.d.

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