COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN 2

JETHRO JHAMES JOSE

INSTRUCTOR | CIVIL ENGINEER
LESSON 2: Introduction to Architectural Drafting
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

INTRODUCTION

1 Professional Architectural Careers, Office

Practices, and Opportunities
2 Introduction to Construction Procedures
3 Architectural Drafting Equipment
4 Drafting Media and Reproduction Methods
5 Sketching Applications
6 Architectural Lines and Lettering
7 Computer-Aided Design and Drafting
in Architecture
 SUPPLEMENTARY DISCUSSION:

The New Normal and The Virtual World

Sustainability and Building Information Modeling
- Class Discussion -

Video Link: BIM; WORK COLLABORATION

Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

DRAFTER

A drafter is the person who creates

the drawings and details for
another person’s creations.

The term CAD technician is used to

describe a person who creates the
same type of drawings using a
computer.

Video Link: Realistic Models

Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

FIGURE 1-1 A sketch created by the project FIGURE 1-2 A detail drawn by a drafter using
manager is usually given to a junior drafter to the sketch shown in Figure 1-1.
follow for a first drawing.
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

The Experienced Drafter

✔ Educational Requirements
✔ Personal Requirements
✔ Workplace Ethics
•Honesty
•Integrity
•Respect
•Trust
•Responsibility
✔ Employment Opportunities
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

DESIGNER

A designer is usually the

coordinator of a team of
drafters. The designer may work
under the direct supervision of
an architect, an engineer, or
both and supervise the work
schedule of the drafting team.

Video Link: Integrated design

Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

DESIGNER
✔ INTERIOR DECORATOR
✔ INTERIOR DESIGNER
✔ KITCHEN AND BATH DESIGNER
✔ ARCHITECT
✔ ENGINEER
▪ Electrical engineers
▪ Mechanical engineers
▪ Civil engineers
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

DESIGNER

✔ INTERIOR DECORATOR

An interior decorator decorates

the interiors of buildings, with the
aim of making rooms more
attractive, comfortable, and
functional
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

DESIGNER
✔ INTERIOR DESIGNER

An interior designer works with

the structural designer to
optimize and harmonize the
interior design of structures

Video Link: 3D RENDERING FOR INTERIOR DESIGN

Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

Reference Link
DESIGNER
✔ KITCHEN AND BATH DESIGNER
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

DESIGNER
✔ ARCHITECT

An architect is a licensed
professional who designs
commercial and residential
structures. Architects perform the
tasks of many professionals,
including designer, artist, project
manager, and construction
supervisor

Video Link: FUTURE OF DESIGN | ARCHITECTURE

Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

DESIGNER
✔ ENGINEER
An engineer is a licensed
professional who applies
mathematical and scientific
principles to the design and
construction of structures.

▪ Electrical engineers
▪ Mechanical engineers
▪ Civil engineers

Video Link: Integrated workflows from design to construction in the

AEC Collection
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

Other opportunities:

❑ Model Maker
They use information and
preliminary designs or blueprints
to bring an idea into reality.
❑ Illustrator
Expertise to make this type of
drawing rapidly
❑ Specification Writer
Specifications are written
instructions for methods,
materials, and quality of
construction.
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

Other opportunities:

❑ Plan Examiner
A plan examiner must be licensed
by the state, to certify minimum
understanding of the construction
process.
❑ Inspector
Requires an exceptionally good
understanding of code limitations,
print reading, and construction
methods.
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

An Introduction to Green Design

What is Green Building?

Reduce, reuse, recycle! No matter

what area of the design or
construction field you enter, an
important aspect of your career
will be a building mind-set that
revolves around these three words.

Article Link:
https://www.worldgbc.org/how-can-we-make-our-b
uildings-green
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

An Introduction to Green Design

• Sustainable sites.
• Water efficiency.
• Indoor environmental quality.
• Energy and atmosphere.
• Material and resources.
• Innovation and the design
process.

Video Link: Sustainable and Green Design

Reference Link: Sustainable Building Design
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

DESIGN BASICS

• Financial Considerations
Both designers and drafters need
to be concerned with costs.

• The Client
Design to appeal to a wide variety
of people
The Design Process

The Design Process

1. Initial Contact
2. Preliminary Design Studies
3. Room Planning
4. Initial Working Drawings
5. Final Design Considerations
6. Completion of Working Drawings

Video Link: Reimagine how design happens ;

Integrated workflows from design to construction
The Design Process: Initial Contact

The Design Process

• Initial Contact

Design fees, schedules, and the

compatibility of personalities are
but a few of the basic questions to
be answered.
The Design Process: Preliminary Design Studies

The Design Process

• Preliminary Design Studies

Research with the building and

zoning departments that govern
the site, investigation of the site,
and discussions with any board of
review that may be required
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

The Design Process

• Bubble drawings

Bubble drawings are freehand

sketches used to help determine
room locations and relationships.

Reference 1

FIGURE 1-8 Bubble designs are the first drawings

in the design process. These drawings are used
to explore room relationships.
The Design Process: Room Planning

The Design Process

• Room Planning

Room usage must be considered

throughout the design process.
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

The Design Process

• Room Planning

FIGURE 1-9 Bubble drawings are converted to scale

drawings so that basic sizes can be determined. The
preliminary floor plan contains enough text to convey
ideas to the owner, but will require additional annotation
to be added for the construction process.
The Design Process: Initial Working Drawings

The Design Process

• Initial Working Drawings

With the preliminary drawings

approved, a drafter can begin to
lay out the working drawings.
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

The Design Process

• Initial Working Drawings

FIGURE 1-10 Based on preliminary floor plans, the front

elevation is drawn to explore design options.
The Design Process: Final Design Considerations

The Design Process

• Final Design Considerations

This conference will result in a set

of marked drawings that the
drafter will use to complete the
working drawings.
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

The Design Process

• Final Design Considerations

FIGURE 1-11 The preliminary floor plan shows the owner’s

changes, with furniture added.
The Design Process: Completion of Working Drawings

The Design Process

• Completion of Working Drawings

On a complicated plan, a wall-framing

plan, a roof-framing plan, a grading plan,
and construction details may be required.
Some lending institutions may require
interior elevations, cabinet drawings, and
finish specifications.
Professional Architectural Careers, Office Practices, and Opportunities

The Design Process

• Completion of Working Drawings

FIGURE 1-12 A site plan is used to show how the structure

relates to the site. When the site is relatively flat, grading
information is placed on this drawing.
 END OF LESSON 2:Professional Architectural Careers,
Office Practices, and Opportunities
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