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N-Tier Architecture

The document discusses N-tier architecture, which divides an application into multiple tiers or layers. The most common form is 3-tier architecture, which separates an application into presentation logic, business logic, and data access logic layers. This architecture provides benefits like scalability, security, fault tolerance, reusability, and maintainability. It allows developers to create flexible and reusable applications. Examples of systems using this architecture include websites like MakeMyTrip.com and Amazon.com.

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MUTHIREDDY ASHWITHA
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68 views

N-Tier Architecture

The document discusses N-tier architecture, which divides an application into multiple tiers or layers. The most common form is 3-tier architecture, which separates an application into presentation logic, business logic, and data access logic layers. This architecture provides benefits like scalability, security, fault tolerance, reusability, and maintainability. It allows developers to create flexible and reusable applications. Examples of systems using this architecture include websites like MakeMyTrip.com and Amazon.com.

Uploaded by

MUTHIREDDY ASHWITHA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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N-TIER ARCHITECTURE

What is N-Tier?

An N-Tier Application program is one that is distributed among three or more separate
computers in a distributed network.

The most common form of n-tier is the 3-tier Application, and it is classified into three
categories.

Presentation logic: The user interface (UI) which displays data to the user and accepts
input from the user. In a web application, this is the part which receives the HTTP request
and returns the HTML response.

Business logic: Handles data validation, business rules and task-specific behavior.

Data Access logic: Communicates with the database by constructing SQL queries and
executing them via the relevant API.This architecture model provides Software
Developers to create Reusable application/systems with maximum flexibility.

In N-tier, "N" refers to a number of tiers or layers are being used like 2-tier, 3-tier or
4-tier, etc. It is also called “Multi- Tier Architecture”.

The N-tier architecture is an industry- proven software architecture model. It is


suitable to support enterprise level client-server applications by providing solutions
to scalability, security, fault tolerance, reusability, and maintainability. It helps
developers to create flexible and reusable applications.

N-Tier Architecture

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A diagrammatic representation of an n-tier system depicts here – presentation,
application, and database layers.
ARCHITECTURAL DIAGRAM
These three layers can be further subdivided into different sub-layers depending on the
requirements.
Some of the popular sites who have applied this architecture are

• MakeMyTrip.com
• Sales Force enterprise application
• Indian Railways – IRCTC
• Amazon.com, etc.

Some common terms to remember, so as to understand the concept more clearly.

• Distributed Network: It is a network architecture, where the components located


at network computers coordinate and communicate their actions only by passing
messages. It is a collection of multiple systems situated at different nodes but
appears to the user as a single system.
o It provides a single data communication network which can be managed
separately by different networks.
o An example of Distributed Network– where different clients are
connected within LAN architecture on one side and on the other side they
are connected to high-speed switches along with a rack of servers
containing service nodes.
• Client-Server Architecture: It is an architecture model where the client (one
program) requests a service from a server (another program) i.e. It is a request-
response service provided over the internet or through an intranet.

In this model, Client will serve as one set of program/code which executes a set of
actions over the network. While Server, on the other hand, is a set of another
program, which sends the result sets to the client system as requested.

o In this, client computer provides an interface to an end user to request a


service or a resource from a server and on the other hand server then
processes the request and displays the result to the end user.
o An example of Client-Server Model– an ATM machine. A bank is the
server for processing the application within the large customer databases
and ATM machine is the client having a user interface with some simple
application processing.

• Platform: In computer science or software industry, a platform is a system on


which applications program can run. It consists of a combination of hardware and
software that have a built-in instruction for a processors/microprocessors to
perform specific operations.
o In more simple words, the platform is a system or a base where any
applications can run and execute to obtain a specific task.
o An example of Platform – A personal machine loaded with Windows
2000 or Mac OS X as examples of 2 different platforms.

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• Database: It is a collection of information in an organized way so that it can be
easily accessed, managed and updated.
o Examples of Database – MySQL, SQL Server, and Oracle
Database are some common Db's.
Types of N-Tier Architectures

There are different types of N-Tier Architectures, like 3-tier Architecture, 2- Tier
Architecture and 1- Tier Architecture.

First, we will see 3-tier Architecture, which is very important.

3-TIER ARCHITECTURE

By looking at the below diagram, you can easily identify that 3-tier architecture has
three different layers.

• Presentation layer
• Business Logic layer
• Database layer

Each layer can potentially run on different machine

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Here we have taken a simple example of student form to understand all these three layers.
It has information about a student like
– Name, Address, Email, and Picture.
2-Tier Architecture:
The 2-tier Architecture consists of only 2 layers where the presentation layer is directly
linked to the data link layer.
• Database Runs on Server
• Easy to switch to different database
• Heavy load on server
• Potential Congestion on network
• Presentation still tied to business logic

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1-TIER ARCHITECTURE

Here all codes and processing kept on a single machine.


All the 3 layers are connected tightly.
The properties like Scalability, Portability and Maintenance are well done.

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