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Datatypes

This document discusses Python's built-in data types including int, float, complex, bool, and str. It explains that Python is dynamically typed so the type is assigned based on the value. It provides details on representing values of each data type including allowed formats and functions for type checking and conversions between bases. Key data types like int, float, complex, and str are explained in terms of usage and representation.

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Amol Adhangale
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24 views

Datatypes

This document discusses Python's built-in data types including int, float, complex, bool, and str. It explains that Python is dynamically typed so the type is assigned based on the value. It provides details on representing values of each data type including allowed formats and functions for type checking and conversions between bases. Key data types like int, float, complex, and str are explained in terms of usage and representation.

Uploaded by

Amol Adhangale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Types

Data Type represent the type of data present inside a variable.


In Python we are not required to specify the type explicitly. Based on value
provided,the
type will be assigned automatically.Hence Python is Dynamically Typed Language.
Python contains the following inbuilt data types
1. int
2. float
3.complex
4.bool
5.str
6.bytes
7.bytearray
8.range
9.list
10.tuple
11.set
12.frozenset
13.dict
14.None
Note: Python contains several inbuilt functions
1.type()
to check the type of variable
2. id()
to get address of object
3. print()
to print the value
In Python everything is object
int data type:
We can use int data type to represent whole numbers (integral values)
Eg:
a=10
type(a) #int
Note:
In Python2 we have long data type to represent very large integral values.
But in Python3 there is no long type explicitly and we can represent long values
also by
using int type only.
We can represent int values in the following ways
1. Decimal form
2. Binary form
3. Octal form
4. Hexa decimal form
1. Decimal form(base-10):
It is the default number system in Python
The allowed digits are: 0 to 9
Eg: a =10
2. Binary form(Base-2):
The allowed digits are : 0 & 1
Literal value should be prefixed with 0b or 0B
Eg: a = 0B1111
a =0B123
a=b111
3. Octal Form(Base-8):
The allowed digits are : 0 to 7
Literal value should be prefixed with 0o or 0O.
Eg: a=0o123
a=0o786
4. Hexa Decimal Form(Base-16):
The allowed digits are : 0 to 9, a-f (both lower and upper cases are allowed)
Literal value should be prefixed with 0x or 0X
Eg:
a =0XFACE
a=0XBeef
a =0XBeer
Note: Being a programmer we can specify literal values in decimal, binary, octal
and hexa
decimal forms. But PVM will always provide values only in decimal form.
a=10
b=0o10
c=0X10
d=0B10
print(a)
print(b)
print(c)
print(d)
Base Conversions
Python provide the following in-built functions for base conversions
1.bin():
We can use bin() to convert from any base to binary
Eg:
1) >>> bin(15)
2) '0b1111'
3) >>> bin(0o11)
4) '0b1001'
5) >>> bin(0X10)
6) '0b10000'
2. oct():
We can use oct() to convert from any base to octal
Eg:
1) >>> oct(10)
2) '0o12'
3) >>> oct(0B1111)
4) '0o17'
5) >>> oct(0X123)
6) '0o443'
3. hex():
We can use hex() to convert from any base to hexa decimal
Eg:
1) >>> hex(100)
2) '0x64'
3) >>> hex(0B111111)
4) '0x3f'
5) >>> hex(0o12345)
6) '0x14e5'
float data type:
We can use float data type to represent floating point values (decimal values)
Eg: f=1.234
type(f) float
We can also represent floating point values by using exponential form (scientific
notation)
Eg: f=1.2e3
print(f) 1200.0
instead of 'e' we can use 'E'
The main advantage of exponential form is we can represent big values in less
memory.
***Note:
We can represent int values in decimal, binary, octal and hexa decimal forms. But
we can
represent float values only by using decimal form.
Eg:
1) >>> f=0B11.01
2) File "<stdin>", line 1
3) f=0B11.01
4) ^
5) SyntaxError: invalid syntax
6)
7) >>> f=0o123.456
8) SyntaxError: invalid syntax
9)
10) >>> f=0X123.456
11) SyntaxError: invalid syntax
Complex Data Type:
A complex number is of the form

a and b contain intergers or floating point values


Eg:
3+5j
10+5.5j
0.5+0.1j
In the real part if we use int value then we can specify that either by
decimal,octal,binary
or hexa decimal form.
But imaginary part should be specified only by using decimal form.
1) >>> a=0B11+5j
2) >>> a
3) (3+5j)
4) >>> a=3+0B11j
5) SyntaxError: invalid syntax
Even we can perform operations on complex type values.
1) >>> a=10+1.5j
2) >>> b=20+2.5j
3) >>> c=a+b
4) >>> print(c)
5) (30+4j)
6) >>> type(c)
7) <class 'complex'>
Note: Complex data type has some inbuilt attributes to retrieve the real part and
imaginary part
c=10.5+3.6j
c.real==>10.5
c.imag==>3.6
We can use complex type generally in scientific Applications and electrical
engineering
Applications.
4.bool data type:
We can use this data type to represent boolean values.
The only allowed values for this data type are:
True and False
Internally Python represents True as 1 and False as 0
b=True
type(b) =>bool
Eg:
a=10
b=20
c=a<b
print(c)==>True
True+True==>2
True-False==>1
str type:
str represents String data type.
A String is a sequence of characters enclosed within single quotes or double
quotes.
s1='amol'
s1="amol"
By using single quotes or double quotes we cannot represent multi line string
literals.
s1="amol
software"
For this requirement we should go for triple single quotes(''') or triple double
quotes(""")
s1='''amol
software'''
s1="""amol
software"""
We can also use triple quotes to use single quote or double quote in our String.
''' This is " character'''
' This i " Character '
We can embed one string in another string
'''This "Python class very helpful" for java students'''
Slicing of Strings:
slice means a piece
[ ] operator is called slice operator,which can be used to retrieve parts of
String.
In Python Strings follows zero based index.
The index can be either +ve or -ve.
+ve index means forward direction from Left to Right
-ve index means backward direction from Right to Left
Note:
1. In Python the following data types are considered as Fundamental Data types
int
float
complex
bool
str
2. In Python,we can represent char values also by using str type and explicitly
char type is
not available.
Eg:
1) >>> c='a'
2) >>> type(c)
3) <class 'str'>
3. long Data Type is available in Python2 but not in Python3. In Python3 long
values also
we can represent by using int type only.
4. In Python we can present char Value also by using str Type and explicitly char
Type is
not available.

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