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Cells Activity Questions

The document discusses cells and their organelles. It provides information about the nucleus, vacuoles, chloroplasts, and how they function in plant and animal cells. It also compares typical animal, plant, and bacterial cells. Enzymes are produced in the nucleus and transported to where they are needed. Viruses require a host cell to reproduce by injecting their DNA. While viruses can cause disease, they are also useful for vaccines and cancer treatment.

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Musab Albarbari
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© © All Rights Reserved
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25 views

Cells Activity Questions

The document discusses cells and their organelles. It provides information about the nucleus, vacuoles, chloroplasts, and how they function in plant and animal cells. It also compares typical animal, plant, and bacterial cells. Enzymes are produced in the nucleus and transported to where they are needed. Viruses require a host cell to reproduce by injecting their DNA. While viruses can cause disease, they are also useful for vaccines and cancer treatment.

Uploaded by

Musab Albarbari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Using data

Use the data in the table on the right to answer the


following questions.

1. Which organelle controls the activities of the cell? Explain briefly how it does this.
- The nucleus, which contains the DNA of the cell, is the organelle that controls the
activities of the cell. This is done by controlling the synthesis of proteins in the cell.

2. Where do plant cells store their dissolved materials such as salts and sugars?
- Plant cells store their dissolved material in organelles known as vacuoles..

3. How are materials transported throughout a cell?


- The endoplasmic reticulum transports materials throughout the cell.

4. Draw up a table to compare a typical animal cell, a typical plant cell and a bacterium.

Typical Animal Cell Typical Plant Cell Bacterium

Has no cell wall Has a cell wall Has no cell wall

Has many small vacuoles, Has a large vacuole that Has no vacuoles
if any consumes most of the
space in the cell

Has no chloroplast and Has a chloroplast and Has no chloroplast and


chlorophyll chlorophyll chlorophyll

Relies on cellular Relies on chloroplast to Some bacterial cells use


respiration to produce produce energy by the photosynthesis, while
energy. process of photosynthesis. others consume the
energy of dead organisms
(decomposition).

5. Enzymes control the rate at which chemical processes take place throughout the cell. Where
are these enzymes made in the cell and how do they reach the parts of the cell where they are
needed?
- Enzymes are produced in the cell nucleus, where they are coded and later transported
to the cytoplasm.

Remember
1. What is an organelle?
- Organelles are membrane-bound structures that perform specific jobs.

2. What is the main difference between a prokaryotic and an eukaryotic cell?


- Prokaryotic cells have no membrane-bound organelles, such as vacuoles. However,
they do contain ribosomes, cytoplasm, and a cell wall. Eukaryotic cells contain various
organelles.

3. In what ways are the cells of bacteria and plants similar? In what ways are they different?
- Bacteria and plant cells are similar in the way they both have DNA, a cell membrane,
cell wall and cytoplasm. However, plant cells are eukaryotic whereas bacteria is
prokaryotic, meaning it lacks a nucleus or a nucleus membrane.

4. Why do some cells change during their lifespan?


- The function of cells is affected by their location during the stages of development. The
cell is initially developed as a general cell, but later becomes accustomed to the function
of the tissue it exists in. For example, if cell was developed in the bone marrow, it will
become specialised in developing red blood cells.

5. Explain how viruses reproduce.


- A virus requires an active host in order to reproduce. They locate a cell and inject their
DNA into the cell’s genetic material. Hence, their genetic material becomes intertwined
and results in reproduction.

Think
1. When examined under the electron microscope, a muscle cell is seen to have many
mitochondria. How do you account for this?
- As muscle cells require lots of energy, a higher number of mitochondria is present so
that the cells need for energy to do mechanical work and respond is satisfied.

2. Give arguments for and against a virus being a living thing.


- If a virus infects an active host and becomes alive, it will reproduce heavily and infect
other hosts. This may cause an epidemic, or a pandemic. An example of such events
would be the Coronavirus Pandemic. Although viruses may cause sicknesses, they are
the main component in vaccines that treat those illnesses. Similarly, viruses may be
modified in laboratories to target malignant cells in the body.

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