ASIA PACIFIC COLLEGE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

A. H. Banzon St., Ibayo, City of Balanga

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

Guidelines for the Implementation of the

On line Laboratory Activities

GENERAL GUIDELINES/ DESCRIPTION

The College will be having an orientation and separate discussion about the modality in laboratory courses. There will
be instances that the learner should provide an alternative learning material in their home in comprising the topics of the
discussion such as using of alternative materials in conducting the laboratory are highly encouraged on the part of the
learners:
1. Utilizing an improvised ink for recording the fingerprint
2. Fingerprint powder
3. Lifting tape
4. Fingerprint card
5. Brushes
6. Magnifying glasses for minute investigation/details and others

COURSE TITLE: Forensic 1 - Personal Identification Techniques

COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course covers the different methods of personal identification, as an aid to crime
detection, investigation, information, and as evidence for prosecution of an offense/felony. It includes the processes of
recording, processing, preservation, and court presentation.

COURSE OUTLINE:

CONTENT Mode of Delivery

⮚ Importance of Personal Identification in Flexible Learning – applies in times of crisis whether

Criminal Investigation. natural or man-made. The delivery can be a combination of
either Online, Wired, Digital, Non-Residential or Offline,
⮚ Criminal Anthropometry, Criminal Non-Wired, Non- Wired, Non- Digital, Residential.
Anthropology, Odontology, Photography, Iris Asynchronous or Synchronous.
Recognition, Graphology, DNA  The instructor will discuss the topic
Fingerprinting, Gait Analysis, Poroscopy,  The video recorded for the laboratory procedure will be
Podoscopy, Ridgeology – its history, presented by the instructor
process of recording, process of
identification, investigative and Under ordinary conditions when safety and security is not an
evidentiary value. issue, HEIs should use Residential or Face or Face mode of
delivery.
⮚ Dactyloscopy/Fingerprint - its history,
patterns, core and delta, process of taking,
recording.

⮚ Lifting of accidental print or chance

impression, its process of recording,
 process of identification, procedural and
legal requirements.

⮚ Fingerprint Classification, Classification

Formula and Filing of Fingerprint Cards.

⮚ Automated Fingerprint Identification

System(AFIS), its process of recording,
process of identification

⮚ Jurisprudence on Fingerprint.

⮚ Presentation of Fingerprint Evidence in

Court.
COURSE TITLE: Forensic 2 - Forensic Photography

COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course covers the historical development, principles and processes of photography in
relation to law enforcement and criminal justice. This includes the evolution of camera, photographic processes and
personalities behind the development of modern photography, use of forensic light sources and techniques and related
laws and jurisprudence in photography.

COURSE OUTLINE:

Mode of Delivery
CONTENT (HEI option or choice)

⮚ Historical Background of Photography Flexible Learning – applies in times of crisis whether natural
or man-made. The delivery can be a combination of either
Online, Wired, Digital, Non-Residential or Offline, Non-Wired,
⮚ Principles of Photography
Non- Digital, Residential. Asynchronous or Synchronous.
⮚ Elements of Photography; Light; Electro  The instructor will discuss the activity
Magnetic Spectrum; and Photographic  The video recorded for the laboratory procedure will be
Rays presented by the instructor

⮚ Sources of Light; Properties of Light; and Under ordinary conditions when safety and security is not an
Light Angles. issue, HEIs should use Residential or Face or Face mode of
delivery.
⮚ Camera, Types of Camera, Parts of
Camera and its Functions, Controls,
 Types of Lens and Lens Defects,
Accessories, Filters.

⮚ Sensitized Material, Types of Sensitized

Material, Parts/Structures, Chemical
Process, Developing and Printing.

⮚ Uses of Photography in Law Enforcement -

Crime Scene Photography, Surveillance
and Investigative Photography.
⮚ Digital versus Analog
Camera/Photography.
⮚ Digital versus Analog photograph print.
⮚ Macrophotography, Microphotography.
⮚ Infra-red, Ultra-violet, Others
⮚ Preparation of Photographic Evidence
⮚ Admissibility of Photographic Evidence
⮚ Jurisprudence of Photographic Evidence

COURSE TITLE: Forensic 4 - Questioned Documents Examination

COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course covers the basic concepts and principles of questioned documents
examination. It particularly gives insight regarding the handwriting identification, forgery and its execution, typewriting
identification, alteration of documents, counterfeiting and the importance or role of a questioned document expert
towards the administration of justice, and the care and preservation of evidence for court litigation.

COURSE OUTLINE:
CONTENT Mode of Delivery
(HEI option or choice)

Flexible Learning – applies in times of crisis whether natural or

⮚ Science of Handwriting, Graphology, Graph man-made. The delivery can be a combination of either Online,
analysis, Psychological Analysis of Wired, Digital, Non-Residential or Offline, Non-Wired, Non-
Handwriting, Grapho therapy, and Elements of Digital, Residential. Asynchronous or Synchronous.
Handwriting.
 The instructor will discuss the activity
⮚ Kinds and Classification of Documents,  The video recorded will be presented
Legal Meaning of Document, Kinds of
Questioned Documents Examination.
Under ordinary conditions when safety and security is not an
⮚ Types of Document Standards and issue, HEIs should use Residential or Face or Face mode of
Characteristics. delivery.

⮚ Forgery Detection. Handwriting

Examination: Kinds of handwriting,
phases and process of scientific
handwriting examination.
 ⮚ Typewriting identification: kinds of
typewriter; defects of typewriters, basis
of typewriting identification, obtaining
type writing exemplars. Computer
Generated printing analysis.

⮚ Signature Identification: types of

signature; areas of signature
identification; and methods of signature
examination.

⮚ Kinds of alteration: erasure; addition

subtraction; interlineation; substitution;
and obliteration. Decipherment of
invisible writing. Ink and Paper
examination.

⮚ Counterfeit identification: security features

of banknotes and coins, examination of
counterfeit bills and counterfeit coins,
passport and cheque.

⮚ Equipment and apparatus used in questioned

document examination.

⮚ Procedures in the utilization of the

equipment and apparatus.
 ⮚ Care and preservation of documents.

⮚ Presentation of QD Evidence in Court.

COURSE TITLE: Forensic 5 - Lie Detection Techniques

COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course includes the study of the different methods and techniques in lie detection. The
anatomy of lying, its theory, kinds and types. It includes the conduct of polygraph examination. It covers also the
history, personalities and developments of Lie detection in different countries as a tool of crime investigation and also in
relation to court proceedings.
COURSE OUTLINE:

Mode of Delivery
CONTENT (HEI option or choice)
 ⮚ Theories of Lying, Psychology of Lying, Flexible Learning – applies in times of crisis whether natural
Physiological responses of Lying, or man-made. The delivery can be a combination of either
Practical ways to detect a lie, and why Online, Wired, Digital, Non-Residential or Offline, Non-
People lie? Wired, Non-Digital, Residential. Asynchronous or
Synchronous.
⮚ Different Methods of Detecting Deception.
 The instructor will discuss the activity
 The video recorded will be presented
⮚ Early and Contemporary Methods of
detecting deception.
Under ordinary conditions when safety and security is not an
issue, HEIs should use Residential or Face or Face mode of
⮚ Polygraph Uses and Significance. delivery.

⮚ Phases of Polygraph Examination

⮚ Timeline of the modern Polygraph.

⮚ Factors affecting the accuracy of Polygraph

technique.

⮚ Limitations and barriers of

Polygraph technique.

⮚ Modern components of Polygraph

Instrument: Its part and accessories
⮚ Question formulation, Types of Test
question, General Questions Test,
Supplementary test question, Question
sequencing.

⮚ Chart making. Polygraph Interpretation

⮚ Rules in chart interpretation

⮚ Evaluation of Polygraph Results

⮚ Rights of person under polygraph

examination, Legal and Ethical Issues in
Polygraph Testing.

⮚ Validity and reliability issues of Polygraph

Testing, Polygraph admissibility in Court.

⮚ Standards of Admissibility, Comparative

Setting.

⮚ Status of Polygraph in the Philippines,

Institutions using Polygraph Test results
in the Philippines and Abroad.
COURSE TITLE: Forensic 6 - Forensic Ballistics

COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course intends to provide students fundamental knowledge regarding branches of
ballistics, classification of firearms, classes of bullet and cartridge case, source and origin of gunpowder, and primer.
Provide basic knowledge in differentiating class and individual characteristics found in firearm, bullets and cartridge
cases. Identify appropriate agencies that can handle issues related to firearm examination and apply knowledge in
criminal law, procedure and evidence in qualifying a case related to firearm investigation and in court presentation.

COURSE OUTLINE:

Mode of Delivery
CONTENT (HEI option or choice)
⮚ Brief History in the study of Forensic Flexible Learning – applies in times of crisis whether natural
Ballistics or man-made. The delivery can be a combination of either
Online, Wired, Digital, Non-Residential or Offline, Non-Wired,
Non- Digital, Residential. Asynchronous or Synchronous.
⮚ Branches of Ballistics: Internal Ballistics;
External Ballistics; Terminal Ballistics;  The instructor will discuss the activity
Shot  The video recorded will be presented
Ballistics; Wound Ballistics; and Forensic
Ballistics Under ordinary conditions when safety and security is not an
issue, HEIs should use Residential or Face or Face mode of
⮚ Classification of firearms. delivery.
⮚ Miscellaneous type of firearm.

⮚ Basic parts of ammunition.

⮚ Bullet, Cartridge Case, Primer,

Gunpowder.
⮚ Shotgun ammunition.

⮚ Class and Individual Characteristics.

⮚ Making of Barrel.

⮚ Class Characteristics of Firearm

 ⮚ Individual Characteristics and Uniqueness
of Firearm markings.

⮚ Preparation of Questioned and Standard

Specimen.

⮚ Acquiring Test bullets/cartridge cases.

⮚ Crime Scene processing for firearms, Bullet,

Cartridge Case, Ammunition, and Firearm
Accessories in the crime scene.

⮚ Marking the Evidence and Test fired

bullet/cartridge case.

⮚ Forensic Instruments related to the

examination of Evidence and Test fired
bullet/cartridge case.

⮚ Presentation of Evidence in Court.

⮚ Relevant Jurisprudence.
 Criteria 1 2 3 4 5
 Set-up of  Set-up of equipment is  Set-up of equipment is  All equipment  All equipment accurately placed
Set-up and equipment is not generally workable with generally accurate with 1 accurately placed
Equipment Care accurate, help is several details that need or 2 small details that  All necessary supplies on hand
required with refinement need refinement  All necessary supplies
several major on hand  Very neat and organized
details  Some necessary supplies  All necessary supplies on
have to be searched out hand
 Many necessary
supplies have to
be searches out
 Lacks the  Demonstrates general  Demonstrates good  Demonstrates sound  Demonstrates very good
Following appropriate knowledge of lab knowledge of the lab knowledge of lab knowledge of the lab
knowledge of the procedures procedures procedures procedures
Procedure lab procedures
 Requires help from  Will ask peers for help  Will discuss with peers  Gladly helps other students to
 Often requires teacher with some steps with problems in lab to solve problems in follow procedures
help from the in procedures procedures procedures
teacher to even  Thoroughly and carefully
complete basic  Works to follow each step  Carefully follows each follows each step before
procedures before moving on to the step moving on to next step
next step
 Measurements are  Measurements are  Measurements are mostly  Measurements are  Measurements are both accurate
Data incomplete, somewhat inaccurate accurate accurate with and precise
inaccurate and and very imprecise reasonable precision
Collection imprecise  Observations are  Observations are very thorough
 Observations are generally complete  Observations are and may recognize possible
 Observations are incomplete or recorded thorough errors in data collection
incomplete or not in a confusing way  Work is organized
included
  Symbols, units and  There are 3 or more  Only 2 or 3 minor errors  Work is generally neat  Work is neat and organized
significant figures minor errors using using symbols, units and and organized
are not included symbols, units and significant digits  Includes appropriate symbols,
significant digits or 2  Includes symbols, units units and significant digits
major errors and significant digits
 Proper safety  Proper safety precautions  Proper safety precautions  Proper safety  Proper safety precautions are
Safety precautions are are often missed are generally used procedures are consistently used
consistently consistently used
missed  Needs to be reminded  May need to be reminded  Consistently thinks ahead to
more than once during once during the lab  Uses general reminders ensure safety
 Needs to be the lab of safe practices
reminded often independently  Will often help other students to
during the lab conduct labs safely
 Proper clean-up  Needs to be reminded  Proper clean-up  Consistently uses  Consistently uses proper clean-
Clean-up procedures are more than once during procedures generally proper clean-up up procedures
seldom used the lab to use proper used procedures
clean-up procedures  Often will help other students to
 Often requires  May need some help on  Station generally neat complete tasks properly
help to complete  1 or 2 items left at station occasion to complete and clean
clean-up or not cleaned tasks  Station always left neat and
clean
 3 or more items  Station generally left
left at station or clean
station not
cleaned
Reference: https://www.intel.in/content/dam/www/program/education/apac/in/en/documents/project-design/water-experiment-rubric.doc

Prepared by:

Anjanette R. Layug, MSCrim

Dean, College of Criminology