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Atomic Theory Notes

Atoms are the building blocks of matter. All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons but can have different numbers of neutrons, forming isotopes of that element. The atomic number identifies the element and equals the number of protons in the atom. The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons. Atoms are electrically neutral overall, with the number of electrons equaling the number of protons.

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Lorraine Hay Connell
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39 views

Atomic Theory Notes

Atoms are the building blocks of matter. All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons but can have different numbers of neutrons, forming isotopes of that element. The atomic number identifies the element and equals the number of protons in the atom. The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons. Atoms are electrically neutral overall, with the number of electrons equaling the number of protons.

Uploaded by

Lorraine Hay Connell
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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•Atomic Theory

Atoms are building blocks of ________________________

Similar atoms in each element ________________________

Different from ________________________of other elements

Two or more different atoms bond in simple ratios to form ________________________

•Subatomic Particles

Particle Symbol Charge Relative Mass

Electron

Proton

Neutron

Location of Subatomic Particles

Atomic Number

Counts the number of ________________________in an atom

Atomic Number on the Periodic Table

All atoms of an element have the same number of ________________________

Learning Check
State the number of protons for atoms of each of the following:
A. Nitrogen
1) 5 protons 2) 7 protons 3) 14 protons
B. Sulfur
1) 32 protons 2) 16 protons 3) 6 protons
C. Barium
1) 137 protons 2) 81 protons 3) 56 protons
Mass Number

Counts the number of protons and neutrons in an atom


Atomic Symbols
Show the ________________________and ________________________ number
Give the symbol of the element

•Number of Electrons
An atom is ________________________
The net charge is ________________________
Number of ________________________= Number of ________________________
Atomic number = Number of ________________________

•Subatomic Particles in Some Atoms


16 31 65
O P Zn
8 15 30

p+ p+ p+
n n n
e- e- e-

Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of ________________________, but different numbers of
________________________.
Atoms of the same element (same atomic number) with different mass numbers
Isotopes of chlorine
35 37
Cl Cl
17 17

________________________ ________________________

Learning Check
Naturally occurring carbon consists of three isotopes, 12C, 13C, and 14C. State the
number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in each of these carbon atoms.
12 13
C C 14C
6 6 6

#p _______ _______ _______


#n _______ _______ _______
#e _______ _______ _______
Learning Check
An atom of zinc has a mass number of 65.
A. Number of protons in the zinc atom
1) 30 2) 35 3) 65

B. Number of neutrons in the zinc atom


1) 30 2) 35 3) 65

C. What is the mass number of a zinc isotope with 37 neutrons?


1) 37 2) 65 3) 67

Learning Check
Write the atomic symbols for atoms with the following:

A. 8 p+, 8 n, 8 e- ___________

B. 17p+, 20n, 17e- ___________

C. 47p+, 60 n, 47 e- ___________

Atomic Mass on the Periodic Table

Atomic Mass
Atomic mass is the weighted ________________________ mass of all the atomic masses of
the ________________________of that atom.

•Example of an Average Atomic Mass


Cl-35 is about 75.5 % and Cl-37 about 24.5% of natural chlorine.
35 x 75.5 = 26.4
100
35.5
37 x 24.5 = 9.07
100

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