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Drainage System

This document summarizes and compares two types of drainage systems: surface drainage and subsurface drainage. Surface drainage involves shallow ditches that discharge excess water from the surface of the land into deeper collector drains. It minimizes ponded water and soil saturation but can cause erosion if water is not removed orderly. Subsurface drainage removes water from the root zone using deep open drains or buried pipe drains. It provides aeration to the root zone and improves soil structure but requires a steeper gradient and has higher initial costs than surface drainage.

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Albert Andrew Flores
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170 views

Drainage System

This document summarizes and compares two types of drainage systems: surface drainage and subsurface drainage. Surface drainage involves shallow ditches that discharge excess water from the surface of the land into deeper collector drains. It minimizes ponded water and soil saturation but can cause erosion if water is not removed orderly. Subsurface drainage removes water from the root zone using deep open drains or buried pipe drains. It provides aeration to the root zone and improves soil structure but requires a steeper gradient and has higher initial costs than surface drainage.

Uploaded by

Albert Andrew Flores
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Drainage System

Sub Trade-offs

1. Surface drains
Surface drainage is the removal of excess water from the surface of the land. This is normally
accomplished by shallow ditches, also called open drains. The shallow ditches discharge into
larger and deeper collector drains. In order to facilitate the flow of excess water toward the
drains, the field is given an artificial slope by means of land grading.

Advantages Disadvantages
Minimize the duration of ponded It has a minimal affect on reducing
water that inundates crops the saturated subsoil occuring as a
result of high water table
conditions
Minimize the prolonged saturation If the water is not removed in an
of soil which restricts gas (oxygen orderly manner, soil erosion may
and carbon dioxide) occur
Most advantageous on flat lands Nutrients and other contaminants
where slow infiltration, low may be carried off in the runoff
permeability, or restricting soil
layers prevent the ready infiltration
of high intensity rainfall

2. Subsurface Drainage
Subsurface drainage is the removal of water from the root zone. It is accomplished by deep
open drains or buried pipe drains.

Advantages Disadvantages
Provides aeration to root zone Requires steeper gradient
Improves soil structure and Repair works are costly and
maintains soil temperature inconvenient
Avails land for early cultivation Only seepage water is removed
Facilitates easy movement of farm Construction is difficult
machines
Less maintenance cost compared to Require high initial cost
surface drains

References:
http://www.fao.org/docrep/R4082E/r4082e07.htm#TopOfPage
https://nrcca.cals.cornell.edu/soil/CA3/CA0318.1-2.php
https://www.slideshare.net/namithamadhu9/design-of-subsurface-drainage-system

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