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Hidden Curriculum in Textbooks

The document defines curriculum as the lessons and content taught in schools, including learning standards, lessons, materials, and assessments. It defines hidden curriculum as the unintended lessons influenced by environmental factors like classroom conditions, teacher/student moods and interactions, and peer influences. These hidden lessons are not planned but still impact student behavior and learning outcomes. The hidden curriculum includes school environment, classroom atmosphere, teacher-student interactions, and school policies/rules that shape student habits and social control. It functions to supplement planned lessons, build teacher-student rapport, teach life skills, create a democratic society, and motivate students.

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Ardila Agustina
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439 views

Hidden Curriculum in Textbooks

The document defines curriculum as the lessons and content taught in schools, including learning standards, lessons, materials, and assessments. It defines hidden curriculum as the unintended lessons influenced by environmental factors like classroom conditions, teacher/student moods and interactions, and peer influences. These hidden lessons are not planned but still impact student behavior and learning outcomes. The hidden curriculum includes school environment, classroom atmosphere, teacher-student interactions, and school policies/rules that shape student habits and social control. It functions to supplement planned lessons, build teacher-student rapport, teach life skills, create a democratic society, and motivate students.

Uploaded by

Ardila Agustina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hidden Curriculum in Textbooks

A. Definition of Curriculum
The term curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a school
or in specific course or program. Curriculum is often defined as the courses offered by a
school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in schools. Depending on how broadly
educators define or employ the term, curriculum typically refers to the knowledge and
skills students are expected to learn, which includes the learning standards or learning
objectives they are expected to meet; the units and lessons that teachers teach; the
assignments and projects given to students; the books, materials, videos, presentations,
and readings used in a course; and the tests, assessments, and other methods used to
evaluate student learning. An individual teacher’s curriculum, for example, would be the
specific learning standards, lessons, assignments, and materials used to organize and
teach a particular course.

B. Definition of Hidden Curriculum


According to the book, “Curriculum Development” (Bilbao et al., 2008), hidden
curriculum refers to the physical condition of the classroom or the school environment,
the mood of the teachers or the students, the teacher-learner interaction, the peer
influence, and other factors that may affect the delivery of the lesson.
Another term for hidden curriculum is the unintended curriculum which is not
actually planned but may change the behavior or affect the learning outcomes of students.
So, what does it mean? More often than not, when teachers plan for a lesson (by writing
lesson plans or syllabi), there are some parts that are not fully implemented due to the
presence of the “hidden curriculum”.
Actually, hidden curriculum is one of the types of curriculum operating in schools
according to Allan Grathon (2000) as cited by Bilbao et al., (2008). The curriculum exists
but maybe, not everybody is aware of this. So, in simple words, it is hidden because it is
not planned or just simply ignored when planning for a lesson. However, it might
suddenly come out depending on the factors mentioned above.
Meanwhile, according to Dede Rosyada, the hidden curriculum is theoretical very
rational to influence students, both regarding the school environment, atmosphere classes,
patterns of teacher interaction with students in the classroom, even in policy and broader

Hidden Curriculum in Textbooks | ELT Textbooks


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school management and behavior of all components school in vertical and horizontal
interaction relationships.
From those definition above, we can conclude that hidden curriculum is all
activities that affect students, both regarding the school environment, classroom
atmosphere, teacher interaction patterns with students in the classroom, even in school
management policies and management. In school policy, namely how schools apply
habits or various disciplinary rules that must be applied to all components of the school
or school citizens. Among the school's habits, for example: the teacher's precision habits
through lessons, the ability and the way the teacher controls the class, how the teacher
responds to various student delinquency both outside and inside the school.
The development of the understanding of the curriculum according to the author
is all forms activities carried out by all school residents in their daily lives his interaction
with fellow citizens of the school and with God. All activities this is not written in the
document as the ideal curriculum, but a school policy that applies these activities.

C. Function of Hidden Curriculum


 Hidden curriculum is a tool and method to add to the knowledge of students
beyond material that is not included in the syllabus. For example, courtesy,
creating and generating appreciative attitudes towards daily life.
 Hidden curriculum as the tool for breaking ice in classroom, created interest, and
appreciation on teacher.
 Hidden curriculum serves to provide skills for students, the skills that are very
useful for students as a provision in the next stages of their life. In this case it can
make the students to be ready to enter the real life.
 Hidden curriculum serves to create a democratic society. This can be seen in
various activities that are explained in the formal curriculum. For example
through various training, extracurricular and discussion activities.
 Hidden curriculum serves as an effective social control mechanism towards
student behavior and teacher behavior. The teacher gives role models, example,
and experience transmitted to students. Then, student discuss and negotiate the
explanation.
 Hidden curriculum functions to increase motivation and learning students'
achievement. This can be seen from the activities contained in the hidden
curriculum that can support student competencies. Like prayer activities

Hidden Curriculum in Textbooks | ELT Textbooks


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congregation that can support the subjects of Fiqh, the Qur'anic Alms can support
competencies in the Hadith Qur'an subjects, which are later will affect the
improvement of student learning achievement

Hidden Curriculum in Textbooks | ELT Textbooks


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